{ title: 'South Side messenger. (Bellmore, L.I., N.Y.) 1908-19??, January 20, 1911, Page 3, Image 3', download_links: [ { link: 'http://www.loc.gov/rss/ndnp/ndnp.xml', label: 'application/rss+xml', meta: 'News about NYS Historic Newspapers - RSS Feed', }, { link: '/lccn/sn96083504/1911-01-20/ed-1/seq-3/png/', label: 'image/png', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn96083504/1911-01-20/ed-1/seq-3.pdf', label: 'application/pdf', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn96083504/1911-01-20/ed-1/seq-3/ocr.xml', label: 'application/xml', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn96083504/1911-01-20/ed-1/seq-3/ocr.txt', label: 'text/plain', meta: '', }, ] }
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<By WALTER B. LE17TZ.) The sources of Injury to street tree® undoubtedly more numerous In and large towns than along and country roads. Nev ertheless,'the ' Increasing number of ov^-head electric wires In the latter thoroughfares Is resulting In touch se rious damage. There are many ways In which trees are Injured through Ignorance and neglect; as in the course of construc tion work, by piling building mate rials against them, In moving build ings, In attaching guy ropes or wires, and in grading streets. Tying wires for the purpose of supporting tele phone poles Is a common practice, and will cause no injury to the tree If pnop- Protectlng Newly Planted Trees. •erly done. Place a number of small strips of board against the trunk, and then bring the pressure of the wires to bear directly on these. Attaching wire* and ropes to trees without pro tecting the trunk, often results In serious Injury. Other sources of Injury are horse bites, grazing by wagon wheels, star ving of root systems, and girdling by w lrl cables. Trees can be readily pro- P reservation by Means Filling. of Cement tected from horses and s-ehlcles by using some sort of guard. ’One made of wire riettlng Is both neat and ef- , fectlve. In some cities ordinances ilro- vldfe penalties jtor the hitching of norses to tre e s o n the highway, and such ordinances should be enforced. No community should permit the cus- “Well\ Around Tree. tom to prevail of making a hltching- poet of a tree standing In front of a residence. Trees that show Injury from the bark being cut to a smooth edge and the entire area covered with paint or _ tar to protect the wood during the pro- ceas of healing. | * > ,k t o regrading lawn areas, it often .=£- 4 - - becomes necessary to make deep cute above causes, and especially those that have areas of the trunk devoid of bark, should be given attention with out delay, the ragged edges of the about the bases of trees, w h i c h .would cause their death wefe they not prop erly protected. When cuts average Orating to Cover “Well.\ between one and three feet In depth, the tree be preserved by building a “well\ around the trunk to keep the/ soli from the bark. Along city streets It la not feasible to leave a large open space around the tree, so a grating to cover the “well’’ la used. In the north, where trees are Injured by frost, the Injury Is usual ly caused by Improper pruning which leaves unprotected wounds. Tkese cause eavities which fill with water during the summer months, and during the winter the Ice formed In them splits the trees. These cracks, small at first, close during the »Srst summer, but during the succeeding winter are again subjected to freezing which opens permanent cracks that In crease In size from year to year. The only protection for such a tree Is to employ some one who Is fully Informed on the methods of tree surgery to scrape and seal the cavity by means of cement filling, and thus prevent further decay or freezing. METHODS OF SOME TREES Elms Fit Themselves Nicely Into Hedges and Suckers Push Up on AH Sides—Souirrels P l a n t H a z e l s . Trees which have their own individ ual methods of reproduction are Inter esting. The way of the elm is one of the most remarkable, because the elm actually makes hedges, or rather It fits In with our English methods of bordering our trees and roads with hedges, and in a very accommodating way help us with material. The habit of the elm Is to send out its roots In every direction and then to push up suckers from Its spreading roots, says the London Spectator. When an elm seeds Itself or is plaWed In a hedgerow and becomes estab lished there it sends out Its roots and pushes up its suckers on all sides of It, but except on two sides the young suckers get killed; they are trodden down In the path or cut up by the plow or gnawed down by grazing ani mals. But they flourish on each side of the elm In the direction in which the hedge runs, and they kill out the other trees In the hedge, till at last possi bly the hedge Is all elm. Then If the hedge Is .not cut or partly cut the strongest suckers grow up and become trees themselves and carry on the process. Other trees Instead of being killed down by animals get helped and plant ed. Squirrels carrying off hazelnuts and burying them for private consump tion later, frequently forget where they have put them, and so plant countless hazels every ^ear. Trees with berries, such as hollies, wild roses, elders and yews, have their seeds swallowed and carried about in different directions by birds and from the Wees' point of view there must be good and bad seasons as re gards the sowing or planting. Last winter, for Instance, must have been a poor one for holly planting. Birds do not really like holly berries and will not eat them when they can get other berries or when the weather is warm and open so that in a mild win ter like the last comparatively few holly berries can have been eaten and sown. BUTTER MADE BY ELECTRICITY Process Invented by Two Ohio Men I b Claimed to Produce Ar ticle of Superior Qhality and W it h o u t W a s t e . A process cf butter making by means of electrolytic action on cream has recently been patented by George V. Frye and Frank B. Hlnkson of Lex ington, O. > • Stated briefly, the process consists In the massing of butter globules on the positive electrode, which Is bus pended opposite the negative elec trode in a receptacle containing cream, previously cooled to counteract the heating effect of the current, says the Popular Mechanic. The electrical current not only collects the butter globules In suspension and In solution, but It also has a \Tlpenlng\ action nec essary to proper butter making. After electrolyzed butter ii? collect ed It Is worked mechanically to give It jthe usual marketable form. The pro cess Is claimed to produce butter of a superior quality and without waste. St. Louis, Mo.—The Red Book* of the Missouri bureau of labor for 1910 has been published. The Volume contains a vast amount of valuable informa tion and statistical m atter that will prove of Interest to the laboring classes as well as manufacturers throughout the . country. Almost twelv'S months was required for the collecting of Information and assort ing, systematizing and editing of the copy. The Red Book will show that nearly 41,000 men and women are em ployed In St. Louie alone In organized traded there being 6,000 more union men and wdmen In the city than In the rest of the state, Including Kan sas' City and other labor centers. One of the features brought out by the book Is the rapid Increase in the or ganization of women. The gain being almost one thousand. The commis sioner attributes this Increase to bet ter surroundings and the fact that bet ter compensation Is afforded them through unionizing. In craft organiza tion the Increase amounts to 76.44 per cent., as compared with 76.4 per cent, for the preceding year. Another per ceptible Increase Is shown In compen sation, Amounting to about four cents an hour on the average. It is claimed the Increase would not have been brought about had It not been for the Insistence of organized labor. Pittsburg, Pa.—The United States Steel and Carnegie belief fund has gone Into effect and $12,000,000 be came available for pensions for the employes of the Carnegie Steel com pany and subsidiary Interests of the United States Steel corporation. About 10.000 who have been In the employ of the companies for 20 years are en titled to receive for each year of serv ice one per cent, of the average month ly pay of the past ten years. No pen sion can be more than $100 or less than $12 a month. Men seventy years old and women sixty years old are sub ject to compulsory retirement. Men fifty years old may apply tor a pen sion. New York.—With the advent of the new year the men employed In the lithographing trades throughout the country began work under an eight- hour schedule. This is In accordance with a decision reached last May by (he National Association of Employing Lithographers. Between 20,000 and 30.000 workmen In all parts of the country will be affected. Heretofore the men have worked nine hours a day. Simultaneous with the establish ment of the shorter workday there will be Inaugurated a plan providing for sick, accident and life insurance without cost, to the employes. Washington.—Count de Alte, the Portuguese minister, gave out the fol lowing as the text of a cablegram re ceived from his government in reply to one which he sent asking about the reports of a critical situation in Port ugal: - “You can state that no violence has attended the strikes which have taken place and that at the request of men and employers they have In gen eral been settled through arbitration by the government. The situation lq this respect Is Improving rapidly and there have lately been no new strikes. Boston.—Organized labor all over Massachusetts Is interested in a move to erect a monument In the eastern part,of W orcester for the late Representative Jam es H. Mellen, who served 17 term s In the state legisla ture.. Mellen was- the legislator from that section of Worcester. The plan is favored by every labor union man in the state, It Is said, due to Mel- len’s efforts for them while he was on Beacon Hill. , Paris, France.—President Fallieres has commuted the sentence of Durand, the secretary of the coal handlers’ union, to seven years’ Imprisonment. Durand, at the conclusion of his.trial on the charge of instigating th^tour- der of Foreman Donge during the strike on the docks in Havre last De cember, was sentenced to death, but a few days ago 150 members of the chamber of deputter'slgned a petition to the government for a new trial. Barcelona, Spain.—The strike of 12,- 000 dockmen and coal heavers has tied up completely the business of this port. No ships are being lioded or discharged. The American and Ger man mercantile houses have petitioned the governor to send troops to the water front to enable them to re- aove the accumulated merchandise. Boston.—The joint council of boston city department employes’ unions has decided to request a raise of pay to $2.SO a day for all city laborers. The men now receive $2.25 a day, a rate se cured about three years ago. Copenhagen, Denmark.—In a big co operative bakery in Copenhagen, al though the cost of raw material has greatly Increased of late years, and higher wages are now paid, neverthe less the price of bread is lower than It was before the co-operative bakery was established. Guthrie, Okla.—The law against blacklisting on the statute books of Oklahoma was recently enforced against a fiallroad company, when an employe was granted $1,000 damages tor being discharged and because A written reason for the discharge was refuee<L v Washington.—On behalf of the vari ous national and International unions In thie American Federation of La bor, a summary of their expenses for a year, with the number of strikes and other details based on reports at the recent convention of the federation, has been Issued, and will be forward ed to the different locals. The state ment shows that the Brotherhood of Carpenters paid the largest amount In death benefits, aggregating $260,000. This union paid $90,000 In sick bene fits and $32,000 in death benefits to members’ wives. It Issued 201- new charters and 71 charters were surren dered, leaving a net gain In member ship of 10,000. It had 60 strikes, of which 30 were won, 20 compromised, two lost, and eight are still pending. The Bakers’ and Confectioners’ Inter national union leads the list In direct cost of strikes, the amount being $67,- 781. It had 16 strikes during the year, of which ten were won and six are pending. The largest sum for sick benefits, $181,000, was paid by the Clgarmakers’ International union. This union paid $236,000 In death benefits for members and $4,800 in death bene fits for members’ wives. It Issued seven new charters and seven char ters were surrendered, but It gained 4,250 In membership. The Internation al Association of Machinists made tho greatest gain In membership, amount ing to 20,968. The locals of the plumb ers had the greatest number of Indi vidual strikes, amounting to 65, only a small number of members, however, being Involved In each strike. Indianapolis, Ind.—Within a short time the final steps will be taken In the agreement between the Interna tional Association of Bridge and Struc tural Iron Workers and the Brother hood of Boiler Makers and Iron Ship Builders and h e lp e r s of America rela- ■-tlve to questions of Jurisdiction be tween the two bodies. F. M. Ryan, In ternational president of the structural Iron workers’ organization, will come to the International headquarters of the organization in this city, and with J. J. McNamara, International secre tary-treasurer, will draw up the formal agreement. After this has been signed by Mr. Ryan, Mr. McNamara and J. T. Butler of Buffalo, N. Y., second vice- president of the international, It is to be signed by J. A. Franklin of Kansas City, Kan., International president of the boiler makers and Iron ship build ers; A. Hlnzman of Kansas City, first vice-president, and John Gallivan of this city, second vice-president. These men constitute the committees that represented their respective Interna tionals In various conferences that have been held looking to the agree m e n t Washington, Ind.—Following the of ficial announcement of the resignation of J. D. Harris as general superin tendent of motive power of all Bal timore & Ohio lines, information was received that trouble between the company and its machinists has been settled and that the men would re turn to work. According to the report received, a committee In conference with President Willard of the railroad in Baltimore accepted the terms of re turn and the vote on concurrence will be taken in 20 shops. Until the vote is counted the terms of the settlem ent will not be made known. Chicago.—Laws regulating railroad employment \were passed by several states within the last two years, three principal features being a determina tion of the number of persons neces sary to constitute crews on trains, the provision of adequate headlights on lo comotives and regulation of the size, construction and equipment Of ' ca booses. Safety1 appliances, such as brakes, couplers, drawbars of a pre scribed height and self-dumping ash- pans on locomptives are other provi sions of laws of this class. Chicago.—About 200 Pullman cat porters met here tor the purpose, It is said, of forming a union. The meet ing wns secret and very little of the . proceedings became public. The union when it Is fully organized, will be along the lines of labor unions gen erally and will also have a death bene fit feature. The porters have already sent a request to the Pullman com pany forean increase in wages. St. Louis, Mo.—According to the Red Book, the majority of members of organized labor In St. Louis work eight hours a day. The highest com pensation Is 75 cents an hour, which la pdld to plasterers. Cooks receive $26 a week. The latest trade to be or ganized Is that of the moving-picture operators, the union having a mem bership of 62. The men put in nine hours dally and receive $20 a week. Toronto, Canada.—Toronto brewery workers, who number about 300, will ask for an increase of wages during the month of February amounting to about $2 a week to each employe. The men now receive fro* $10.75 to $16 a week. The agreement under which the men are now working expires March 1. San Francisco.—Plans tot the estab lishment of a union French bakery are well under way, and It la expected soon to have in this city French and Italian bread baked under union condi tions and giving the employee a six- day week. A Novel Box Shower. ▲ recent bride told of a Jolly ahow- er of which she was the recipient. There was a circle of fourteen who had been together for many years, and they asked the men of the crowd, too. Each one was Instructed to bring an offering of some kind of a box or an article packed in a box, all to be sent to the home of the hostess, who had everything placed In a huge dry goods box, on which she pasted hearts of all sizes and colors. It was deliv ered by an express man who rang the bell vigorously after all had ar rived. They had loads of fun making the happy couple unpack and open the boxes; nearly every article was accompanied by an origins! rhyme, sentiment, quotation or admonitions to either bride, bridegroom or both. Each article, with Its effusion, was Inspected before opening another. Borne of the things were: a work box, dollar button box, Jewel box, box of bapklns, box of matches, box of soap, box of stationery, and box of pine. The hostess surprised everybody by serving her refreshm ents In boxes decorated with red hearts, the salted nuts were In boxes at each place and the favors were small boxes of con fetti which the hostess said \would be »f use later.\ Canned Luncheon. \Being twenty miles from a lemon,\ re had word that guests were coming ind there was no alternative but to By to our emergency closet and do »ur best. The result was so satisfac tory that one of our city guests de- -lared her Intention of giving a ‘can- led luncheon,’ the description of rhlch follows. The hostess drew pic tures of animated cans dancing across Ihe top of the sheet and the wording ras “Can you come and lunch with ne on Tuesday at one (date)? If you :an let me know.” The envelope was lealed with a picture of a tin can of ?eas. At the luncheon not a thing was ased that did not come In a can, a lar or a box of some kind. The can- lies were what are known as \Sun- ihine\ and come In bottles. The hos tess uped her chafing dish, her coffee percolator and an electric toaster, so ill was very modern and up-to-date. The guests had a fine time, as all vas so very informal and Jolly. Three-Dollar Luncheon Club. Six girls became brides all within ihe space of a twelvemonth, and after >eing settled comfortably in their own lomlclles they formed V emselves into Ihe Three-Dollar Luncheon club and net once a month. Each hostess had to make her expenditure for every letall come within the sum named ind below It If possible. A record jf the menus was kept, and one ’lemized, there was a copy for the lembers and at the twelfth luncheon the hostess furnished covets and cord tor tying together, making a very pleasing record of the year’s meet ings. The hostess who had served with the least cost was awarded a potted plant or a shrub for her yard) or window box. I do not think I ever knew of girls having a better tlme;i all brought their work and there waa never any other engagement made for luncheon day. They talked and dis cussed household economics to their heart's content. Vegetable Party. A college noted for Ita good time# among the students had this party once upon a time and the girls had loads of fun. Each girl was tpld to come wearing something to represent a vegetable and then they had vege table candy boxes filled for the favors. The last thing was a contest called \Vegetables In Disguise” with twenty minutes allowed for guessing them. The programs on which the question# were written were ornamented with colored vegetable pictures cut from a seed catalogue. A p r o n o u n p r e c e d e d an d follow e d by e preposition. (O n ion) A p a in f u l p r o jectio n . (C o m ) H a r d to g e t o u t of. (M a ize [m a z e ]) W h a t v e r e t a b l e s ehould zee a g r e e t deal, and w h y ? (P o tato e e . T h e y h a v e so m a n y eyea) A b a s e m e n t a n d a question. (C e lery [cellar-w h y ] ) E v e r y good C h in a m a n h a s m y flre t My second Is to o v e rload. (C u c u m b e r [queue- cum b e r]) A bivalve a n d a v e g e tab le grow th. (O y s te r p lan t) N o r m a l, a n d a v e r y sm a ll piece. (P a r snip) A sm a ll w a s t e . (L e e k [leak] A letter. (P e a [p]) A boy, a le t t e r , an d a p a r t of t h e body* (T o m a to [T o m - a -to e ]) Y ielding w a t e r , a n d co n n e c tions? ( P u m p - M il) - - To cru s h . (S q u a s h ) A p u r p le p a r t of th e y e a r, and sick. (L e n til [Lent-111]) A to u r on y o u r w h e e l, a n d years. (Spin ach [spin-age]) H o t stuff. (P e p p e r ) An E n g lish d ig n ity , an d a p l a t t e r . (R a d ish [R. A. dish]) A hen. (E g g p lan t) T r a m p s . (B e e ts ) M A D A M E M E R R I. . !\• • SaLsmmunM. Many of the children’s hats are edged with fur. Puffs are gradually giving way to clusters of curls. Smocking on children’s dresses 1*^, fashionable. The small, round hat that is almost bonnet shape Is decidedly the most popular chapeau for children's wear this season. Widows will wear the double veils, but more often veils are single and seldom measure over a yard by three- quarters, and quite frequently they are smaller. Three Pretty Designs rev HE costume at the left Is ■ prac- | tical coat for girls of ten or twelvo years, and might be made In cloth or serge. It has single-breast ed fronts, and fastens below the collar, which Is a sailor shape. A short strap draws the fulness In at center of back. Hat of velvet swathed In silk with a large rosette at the side. Materials required: Two and one- half yards 46 Inches wide, five buttons, three yards sateen for lining 42 Inches wide. The second would make up well In •oarse-grained serge, and is a smart style tor a little girl of eight to tan 'years. A panel la taken down front end emerges Into a plait Jnet below Ihe waist; the lower part of aldae and m BSTC*.'aV/j back are then plaited, and eat to the H«i»t eloth. plain upper part by the belt; large buttons trim front, and the fastening Is under the left side of front Collae and cuffs of white cloth are worn. Fell hat trimmed with a striped silk bow. Materials required: Three yards serge 48 Inches wide, one-fourth yard cloth, two yards lining. For the drees shown In the third picture, chocolate brown herringbone serge Is used; It Is for a girl of eight to tea years, and 1« arranged In three flat plait* down back and front; a bell of light cloth la taken under the plaits at waist, it la also used to edge the col'' lar and cuffs. White felt hat trimmed with black velvet ribbon. Materials required: Three yards 41 Inches wide, one-fourth yard
