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I ^'f»m^wm^ss^SIS-- AND LOWVILLE TIMES. ' ;: ;-:'|?k ••* . -X^y H. A. PHILUPS PUBUSH1NG COMPANY. LOWVILLE, N. Y., tHURSDAY, AUGUST 5, 1909. VOLUME 50. No. 38. WRIGHT'S FLYING MACHINE Orville Wright Makes Ten-Mile Trip With Passenger. Aeroplane With Two Aboard Flies From Fort Meyer to Alexandria and Return at Speed of 42 Mile* an Hour —Ascend* 500 Feet atOne Point. UTTAUER LOST HIS FIGHT, Washington, July 30.—Orville Wright this evening attained the zenith of hard-earned success. In a 10-mile cross- country'flight in the aeroplane built by himself and his elder brother, Wilbur, ar.il accompanied by Lieut. Foulois, of- ficer of the Army Signal Corps, he not only surpass the speed requirements of his contracts with the United States government but accomplished the most difficult and daring flight ever planned fora heavier-than-air flying machine. Imulentally, he broke all speed rec- oH<ls over a measured course. Wright's speed was more than 42 miles an hour. He made the 10-mile flicrht in 14 minutes and 42 seconds, in- cluding more than 20 seconds required for the tupn beyond the line at Sumter Hill, the south end of the courea. He attained a height in crossing the valley of Four Mile Run of nearly 500 ftet and the average altitude of his practically level course was about 200 feet. President Taft arrived upon the par- adt grounds at Fort Meyer just in time to see the aeroplane land to participate in the demonstration which welcomed the triurnpnant aviators. He sent Col. Treat, commanding officer of the ar- tillery at Fort Myer, to bear his con- gratulations to the victors. Following a terrific wind and rain storm early in the afternoon, the at- mosphere became clear and quiet. De- spite the failure of the army field tele- praph line to Shuter Hill, depended upon for communication between the two ends of the course, Orville Wright seized the moment of the best weather conditions he had yet had for the speed test. The engine worked perfectly. l.ieut. Foulois climbed into the pas- senger's! seat beside the motor. Wilbur took his place at the right tip of the planes and Orville climbed into his seat behind Foulois. He gripped the levers and. nodding to his brother, slipped the cable which released the starting weight. The aeroplane shot down the tracks. As if drawn up by invisable hands, the white-winged machine rose, higher and higher. Hats and hankerchiefs were waving, automobile horns were tooting, some over-wrought spectators e\vn wept. Orville brought the ma- chine at great speed twice around the field. Then with a short turn around he swept almost over the hends of the closely banked spectators and started straight forward over the center of the drill field. \They're off!\ a thousand voices shouted as one. Like a giant bird the machine swept unswerving straight to the south, pass- ing over the diverse and heavily wooded country in the distance until it became aHmere\\speck above the horizon. ZEPPELIN'S REMARKABLE TRIP Sails 220 Miles in Dirigible Balloon- Average Speed 21 Mile* an Hour. Frankfort, July 31.—The dirigible balloon Zeppelin II, steered by Count Zeppelin himself,descended here safely between 2 and 3 this afternoon after sailing from _Friedrichshafen, a djs- tance of about 220 miles, at an average speed of 21 miles an hour. Half of the time the flight was made against strong head^ winds^__JUmost the._whole popula- tion of the city was in the street or on the air navigation exposition grounds to receive Count Zeppelin and loud cheering, band playing and factory whistling began when the airship was sighted at a .height of 900 yards coming at a 40 mile an hour rate. The balloon circled above the city displaying the ease which she answered her rudders, and then descended lightly into an enclosure made by wire and two regiments of infantry aligned on the four sides of the square, 100,000 people _or_jnore outaide the^barriers yelling like mad and two batteries of artillery saluting. The performance to-day, while not so far as the trip from Freidrichshafen to Bitterfeld and return, which the count made a couple months ago, was the most successful flight yet made, as no accident happened and the craft overcame the strong wind which pre- vented progress atone time for 25 min^ utes although the propellers were going at a rate which otherwise would have driven the vessel 40 miles an hour. The count is delighted with the re- ception given him by the public and the exposition managers. Naval Display by British Expected to Impress Czar. Cowes. Isle of Wight, -Eng., July 31. —The thousands of people who gathered here for the yacht regatta Monday were introduced to a splendid sea pageant to-day, when King Edward on the royal yacht reviewed the great Eng- lish squadron gathered here to greet the Czar and Czarina when they arrive Monday. One hundred and -fifty-three of England's classiest warships are gathered in the harbor and they present a magnificent spectacle as, with bunt- ing flying and gun a booming salutes, while sailors manned the arms, the King's yacht passed among them. Six great Dreadnoughts, with their tripod military mast, were the central figures in the review. The 153 war- ships were gathered in two lines, while without was a third line of wicked-looking torpedo boats. The six Dreadnoughts will form a guard' of honor for the Russian Czar on his way from Spithead here on his yacht, the Standart. The gathering of the great war fleet, it is said, was for the dual purpose of impressing the Czar- and en- deavoring to have him place orders for the Russian warships in England. Added to the great naval pageant there are hundreds of yachts, sloops and yawls in the harbor, ready to take part in the yacht races Monday. Bleriot to Send Monoplane. New York, July 30.—Louis Bleriot, the first man to cross the English chan- nel in an aeroplane, has cabled his American representative here that he will enter a monoplane in the flights to be held here next fall for for a $10,000 cash prize during the Hudson-Fulton celebration. He did not think his en- gagements would permit him to come in person but promised to send an ex- perienced operator. Cannon, Payne and Sherman Behind Him But President Taft Opposed. Washington, July 31.—The most ex- i traordinary of the many peculiar thing j in connection with the peculiar things in connection with the framing up of the Tariff bill, is the tremendous in- fluence wielded by former Congressman Lucius Nathan Littauer, of Glovers- ville, N. Y. He is manufacturer of gloves, as his father was before him. He is also wealthy, and a \good fel- low.\ With these qualifications, he came to Washington at the beginning of the present special tariff session, with the avowed purpose of raising the tariff on women's gloves to such an ex- tent that foreign makes would be ex- cluded from this country, except at prohibitive prices, leaving himself in control of the American market. Of course there are other manufacturers in this country but Littauer is the largest. The new rates that he sug- gested were not mere increases of five or ten per cent. They were 100 per cent, and more, over existing law. And he came near getting them. He manage to work these increases through the House and though the gen ate turned them down, he has kept up the fight for their retention, until the last minute. He has had Speaker Cannon and Chairman Payne, the leader of the House conferees, standing like a rock, insisting upon the adoption of the Lit- tauer rates. He has even had the Vice- President of the United States going to the White House when it became evi- dent that President Taft was not going to stand for the proposed enormous in- creases in this t necessary article of woman's wear. It has been the mar- vel of all those who have been watch- ing the progress of the tariff confer- ence. Through the favor of the House con- ferees, Littauer has actually been given access to the conference room, when- ever the glove shedule has been under consideration, although this privilege has been denied to other manufacturers or importers. In explanation of the remarkable in- fluence wielded by the former New York Congressman it is stated that he is credited with having secured the necessary number of votes to pass the bill which raised the salaries of mem- bers of Congress from $5,000 to $7,500 a year. He also came to the assistance of his former colleagues in the fight over the House rules, which opened the present session and made the election of Speaker Cannon sure. That carried with Representative Payne's feappoint- ment as Chairman of the Ways and Means Committee. Then, too, it is claimed, that he was largely respon- sible for the nomination of Mr. Sher- man,one of his old chums in the House, as vice president. That there is some foundation for these claims is shown by the' energetic way in which these officials have been standing by him in his glove fight. President Talt, toweve>H«- eiedited OUR NEW YORK LETTER. Items of Interest from Glorious Gotham. with having declared in effect, that he did not mind having a particular sched- ule arranged in behalf of a single State, even in behalf of a single .Senator, but he did object to having it fixed to suit the views and interests of a single manufacturer. So he put his foot down and Littauer lost. ARE THEY COWARDS ? Shaw, High Priest of Standpattism, De- clares Members Dare Not Follow Convictions Against People, Buffalo, Aug. 1.—A special dispatch to the Express from Chautauqua, says: \The people have made cowards of their congressmen,'.' said Leslie M. Shaw, former secretary of the treas- ury, before a large audience in the auditorium. He was speaking extem- poraneously on what he called \evolu- tion in matters governmental.\ Among other things he said: \Never before has there been such an exhibi- tion of cowardice in the halls of Con- gress. The people have made cowards of their congressmen. And every man who has dared to follow his own con- victions and vote according to those convictions will be retired by the peo- ple when his name again comes before them for re-election- . \I am not in favor of direct prim- aries, nor the election of United States senators by direct vote of the people, nor am I i.i favor of the initiative and the referendum, the last and worst of the tendencies away from the letter and the spirit of the constitution. Why? Once you-remember, the people of this country wanted greenbacks. Had they been allowed to vote the country would have been flooded with greenbacks. In 1890 80 per cent, of the people clamored for free silver. \If Roosevelt, Taft and Bryan were to die to-morrow the nominee of one party would be William Randolph Hearst and the nominee of the party would be Robert M. La Follette. And the people of the country would elect Hearst. \Uncle Joe Cannon is not a coward -—in this respect he is exceptional in this Congress. Sherman is a brave man. He is true to his convictions. But he has had a hard fight. And he has won. Returning Vacationists—Street Stretch* ing—Colored Cavalrymen Cheered— Thespian Throngs — Mourn Minister. New York, August %. —By far the greatest influx of returning vacation* ists that ever bore back upon this town in midsummer has been recorded here to-day. Long before the tourist season usually ends abroad, the ocean liners are bringing into port each day thousands on thousands of home voyag- ers this week. While every inch of the incoming steamers is taxed to ac- commodate this early rush crowd it is reported that a small army of trailers is besieging every dock in foreign ports in post haste to secure the first accorr.- modations for America. At the raiU way terminals of town constant crowds are arriving back from their summer holidays, more than a month in ad- vance of the time when Gotham ordin- arily reclaims its own. Many explana- tions are to-day being made by traffic experts and business men foi this re- markably early return of the workers of thiB city. In all of them there fig- ures the sure sign of awakening pros- perity which this eager onslaught upon the metropolis by the money makers must mean. After two months of the strangest street splitting that ever tore up the crust of Manhattan Island, Fifth Ave- nue lies to-day for the first time well stretched and cleared, fifteen precious feet nearer back to its building lines. Many millions of dollars are being spent to shave off and reshape the fashionable facades of this swell stretch to fit the demands of the city's determined engineers and wrecking gangs. Tons of construction material and hundreds of thousands of dollars have been devoted by the municipality to this unique upheaval, which has ac- complished no more than to admit two extra rows of teams between the curbs of the whirling thoroughfare. Not one blade of grass remains to-day on all the fronts of Fifth Avenue, where the older settlers for generations took pride in their tiny plot9 of greensward bedded in brownstone. Traffic will now be more free on the crowded asphalt of the avenue; but for this has been sacrificed much that will be missed. Hell's Kitchen, Nigger San Juan Hill, Thompson street, and all the dusky quarters of town are to-day still seething with excitement over the wel- come that the colored cavalrymen of the Tenth have just received from all New York. To those who saw the town turn out to welcome the home boys of the 71st and 69th back from Cuba at the end of the war, the greeting given the negro troopers here after eleven years has seemed not a whit less en- thusiastic. New Yorkers have learned to know how great a part these brave kl °\ b ° r Tc v n ri ; TI t°^'^tf g«»n Juan Hill, and every shout and cheer as they swept up crowded Broadway bore testi- mony to this bit of iecently established history. It is many a long year since Gotham has been rouaedby even a rip- ple of the old Spanish war flood of sen- timent, and this triumphal entry of the gallant colored troopers has done much to stir sleeping patriotism. Loitering in swarms about the street corners of the Rial to of upper Broadway, more actor folk out of a job are to-day clus- tered upon this island than the theat- rical agents have counted up in many years. That at \least fifteen thousand players 4 are here hunting for work in the opening season is the estimate of the conservative of the dramatic bu- reaus, about which every hopeful and penniless aspirant for stage roles must linger, hour after hour and day after day. Just how many jobs the new sea- son will hold forth for this army of actors is a problem which none in the- atrical circles seems able to solve at present. While the managers admit bad business during the last year and are consequently feeling their way cau- tiously to new ventures, it is generally prophesied that with the betterment of the times one of the biggest of amuse- ment seasons in many years may be at hand. That J. P. Morgan could ;as ill be spared from the money world as Wil- liam R. Huntington from the church world here, is the opinion of the multi- tude that are to-day mourning the loss of the famous rector of Grace church. No more extensive or efficientphilan- thropic organization ever helped all classes in this city more than that which Dr^. Huntington built up and maintained largely by his own person- ality and wonderful executive ability. It will be many years before a man can be found who can begin to measure up to the practical stature of this great working divine, and his death will long be felt by the poor of this town. Mead. THE PENNSYLVANIA STATION. GREAT CROP PROSPECTS. HAZING OF CADET SUTTON. Five West Point Cadets Said to Have Been Implicated Will Go Home. New York, Aug. 1—.Five West Point cadets, four of whom are said to have been concerned in the recent hazing of Cadet Sutton, a brother of the late Lieut. Sutton, whose death at Annapo- lis is being investigated by a court of inquiry,will be sent to their hpmes this week, according to a special to the Nev? York Times, there to await final action by the President and Secretary of War on recommendation of the super- intendent of the academy that they be dismissed. Cadet Sutton, a fourth class or first year man, was attacked by a number of third class men, robed in white sheets, it is said, and when he captured two of them was Bet upon by a relief party armed with tent poles and so badly beaten that, with the exception of one day he has not been out of the hospital since July 20. Despite his in- juries he is reported; to have informed the board that he could recognize none of his assailants. The case has been the subject of a special investigation, a report OP which was recently made to the superintendent. ( —Flies have been fevverthis summer than for many years. They must have , heard those warnings from the scient- . ists and have taken to the woods. Last of 490,000 Cubic Feet of Granite' is Now in Place. New York, Aug. 1.—Workmen on the new Pennsylvania Railroad station put the last stone of the exterior wall in place yesterday afternoon. The plac- ing of this stone marked the completion of stone work enclosing about eight acres of ground. Nearly half a mile of exterior walls have been built, con- taining 490,000 cubic feet have been used inside the concourse, making a total of 550,000 cubic feet. It took 1,140 freight cars to transport these 47,000 tons of granite from Mil- ford, Mass. The first stone of the masonry work was laid on June 15,1908. In addition to th,e stone work some 15,- 000,000 bricks, weighing 48,000 tons, were set in place and 7,000 tons of steel were used. Probably Will Be Greatest Corn Crop on Record — Wheat, Barley and Oat Crop Over the Average. Earlier in the spring we were told that the winter wheat crop had suffered signal disaster and that the harvest of the crop in the present year would not reach 350.000,000 bushels. Last week's Government estimates were for a crop ! of 410,000,000 bushels-and for a com- i bined winter and spring wheat crop of j 663,500,000 bushels, or substantially the same as last year. It is to be borne in mind too that according to the method of calculation used in all years except the present one the present indication is for a total wheat crop of 703.000.000 buBhels, or 40,000,000 bushels more than last year's final crop figures. Compari- sons with last year's figures for all the crops must be subjected constantly to this important recollection. Consider- ing the way in which the entire agri- cultural situation this year has devel- oped and is developing, and placing proper weight too upon the unanimous declaration of private observers that conditions in the Northwestern part of | the country are such as to make the j outlook there for the spring wheat crop ! this year the most brilliant ever seen, j there is very reason for trust that the year's total wheat crop will in fact be larger than that predicted..by the Gov- ernment figures. TKeqatacrop is put now at 963,000,000 bushels, or 156.000.- 000 bushels greater than it was in 1908. The prospective barley crop is 184.000.- 000 bushels, as against 167,000,000 bushels last year; but more gratifying than anything else are the indications for a corn crop the greatest in the country's history. Com is the com- I modity that makes more tonnage for the railroads, gives more direct profit to the farmers and is of greater im- portance to the country as a whole than any other staple. The promise, therefore, has a favorable meaning that it is almost impossible to exagger- ate that the corn crop this year will reach 8,161,000,000 bushels. The con- dition of the staple stand away above that of last year as well also as the ten year average, while the area of the com planted is 109,006,000 acres. The increase of 7.1 per cent, in the acreage is presumably due in chief to the turn ing over into corn of the ground on which winter wheat was abandoned eariler in the spring. As regards corn as well as wheat there is every hope, if not indeed a definite prospect, that the actual harvest will be greater than that indicated by all last week's figures. The weather for all the crops has been i of the best sort since the first of the 1 month, when the Government's obser- i vations were taken. During the week ; a heavy rainfall in certain sections of the West, principally in and around j Missouri, caused floods in some of the j Western rivers, and it may be damaged grain a little on the lowlands. But every one of experience in the grain trade knows just how to view occur- rences of this BOrttat this time of the. year. Floods go aa quickly as they come, usually wash away but a small part of the crops on low lands and leave the soil there greatly enriched, while the rainfall helps materially the entire upland country where by far the greater portion of the crop lies. All this has fortified the corn crop in an unusual degree against the time of war weather and the dry spell that must in due course follow later in the year; and it would certainly seem as if in- jury to the crop from possible hot winds had been measurably obviated by what has happened. Meantime it is to be observed that the day is near- ing when danger of this sort will be over anyway. Hot winds and ex- tremely dry weather are sources of damage to the corn crop, mostly when the corn is in tassle, that is to say when the process of fertilization of the plant is going on. If the plant suffers no injury before the time when it reaches its growth and when the fertilization has been completed, the year's corn crop is made to all intents and purposes. Allowing for the back- wardness of the season this time can be now only a month off at the latest. Due attention must be paid in a review of agricultural prospects to the coun- try's splendid hay crop this year. The immense value of this crop is obvious at a glance. Speculation for the rise .has been active recently in cotton based on indications of a lowered yield of this staple ; but the indications still are nevertheless for a cotton crop of 11,800,000 bales, or about the same aa that of last year, and this it would seem i would be enough to \go around\ in the cotton world. Furthermore it is well, perhaps, for the cotton trade to con- sider that our country's cotton crop has a good many months yet in which to keep on growing and improving, and it may turn out that the yield of the crop will be bigger than is now looked for. Considering the fact that our country holds what approximates a monopoly of the world's cotton produc- tion it is undoubtedly true that over- whelming yields of the staples .are, so far as the (United States is concerned, a curse rather than a blessing. Twelve cent cotton means riches for the South- ern planter and six cent cotton means the reverse; while so great a propor- tion of our production of the article is sent abroad that a high range of valua- tion for it is not materially hurtful to home interests. Moreover, business in the country has long been accus- tomed to adapt itself to wide yearly fluctuations in the quantity of the cot- ton crop. ^ MUST ADVERTISE OLEO. GAVE THE FIRST $10,000. The Profession of Teaching in the United States—How it Was Started and How it Has Developed. Charles W. Eliot. L. L. D., lays in the Journal of Education: \I found to-day in the last report of the Board of Education of Massachu- setts a good negative statement to base my remarks upon. What time has wrought Bince the days of Edmund Dwight and Horace Mann! Those are the two men who induced Massachusetts SUCCESS TALKS; By Dr. Madisou C. Peter* ta the Utica Despatch—The Country Boj vs. the City-Bred Man. The farmer is the keystone of the social arch; his is the greatest of all professions, for all professions have to depend upon him. The farmer iB a scientist and an artist combined, his theodolite the plough, his canvass the soil. He inay not be learned after the fashion of the bookmen, but it IB in to found the first normal school in this ! cumbent on him to be a graduate of the country. They were co-partners in that | University of Nature. He must know secretary j the soils, their textures and qualities hd b | and productive properties as a skilled anatomist knows the muscles and nerves, he must study the various crops as an ethnologist studies the different families of mankind, ano find out what Beason and what food are adapted to their wants, he must be an all-round naturalist. Ignorance in farming will never pay ; for a time it may succeed in any other profession, but in farming it is a dead failure from the beginning, therefore it would be well for the young man who thinks the avocation of a farmer below his dignity and unworthy his talents, undertaking. Mr. Mann.aa of the Board of Education had been trying year after year to persuade the Massachusetts Legislature to make an appropriation for a normal school. Year after year he had failed. At last one of the committee on education aaid to him: \The State can't afford to do what you wish us to do. Mr. Mann, but if you will get somebody or some bodies to give you $10,000 towards this normal school, we will recommend the Legisla- ture to appropriate another $10,000\ \Mr. Mann ran out of the committee room and down State street and began the process of raising that $10,000, and the first man he went to see was a cot- ton manufacturer naitiefl Edmund Dwight. He wa3 the husband of one of my \aunts. Mr. Dwight listened to the story Horace Mann had to tell him; how he had tried for years to do this thing; how the committee had at last said: If you will find $10,000 given by any body we will give you another $1CLPOO-. Mr. Dewight turned round to hlsaesk, wrote a check, handing it to Mr. Mann. It was $10,000, a gift. \No more fruitful gift to educatoin was ever made in this country,although I have clearly in mind the millions which are now given in support of edu- cation. Then there were not ten free , , r , ^ *_ J • ^ «• public high schools outaide of Masaa- i da y-> He does not go to bed in a stuffy PRESIDENT ELIOT'S VIEWS. Hit Ideas Not New to Jew*. • .•».. . Father Brann Says Dr. Eliot's Address Justifies Bishop McFauFs Attack on American Universities. President EJiot'a views on the new religion have .created great interest among the ministers of New York, Many of them said yesterday that he had put into words the practical belief of thousands of men who have drifted •away from the churches and yet try to live upright lives. With his conclusion that religion would develop .Along the same lines as are manifested now there was not the same agreement. It was pointed out that President Eliot overlooked the force of the spirit- ual reveals which have perodically swept over mankind. On the other hand, the Jewish leaders here* asserted yesterday that Dt. Eliot had expressed absolutely the spirit of Judiaem. Father Brann Dissents. The view of the Roman Catholic church was expressed by the, Kev. Dr. Brann, rector of St. Agnes' ehurch, 141 East Forty-third Street. He could see Of •',*•'* to consider that the farmer m the first in p re8 ident Eliot's pronouncement, he place represents the most honorable of all professions, and second, that his is one which calla for the greatest skill and experience. From a financial standpoint, the far- mer may fall below the others, but he is mostly always sure of his dividends, as his investment has a solid foundation and there is very little risk of his going to bed with a fortune and rising in the morning a pauper. The country boy is nearly always sure of having a pretty good account at a bank of health; he has pure air and wholesome food and these in them- selves are equivalents for gold any chusetts. Now there are 7,000! Most of us can remember when the first public high schools were established by the great municipality of Brooklyn—only a few years ago. ' \Then there were few in the United States to study the art of teaching. Now there are 100,000. Then there was ho public teaching of science, art, music, history, biology, physiology, psychology, philosophy, nature study, room, vitiated with miasma and lie awake all night listening to the infer- nal noises of a great city, nor does he rack his brains as to what ia best for him to do on the morrow. Shakespeare says, \Uneasy lies the head that wears a crown,\ and the head that is filled with money making schemes that may never be realized, lies just as uneasy. Sleep loves a goexf conscience,and one of its favorite rest- physical culture, domestic science, in- : in K Places is on the plow of the far- dustrial arts, or commercial branches. I me . r . for though it may only be straw mi • _ _ i _ •__ „ A- i> -. lit ia T\i*£*Tarvai1 +r» +ho gaitn' o n/vtisn ant There ia a comprehensive negative for you! \Shall we call the training of human vehicles of expression of it is preferred to the swan's down and costly hangings of the millionaire, the | J would say to the country boy-Shun im- the city-keep away from it until your j ht d hbt h b fll World's Y. M. C. A. Conference. Barman-lberfeld, Germany, July 31. —At the world's conference of Young Men's Christian Associations reports from all nations were read. That of the United States evoked the greatest enthusiasm. It showed there are 1,939 organizations, 446,000 members and $50,000,000 of Y. M. Q. A. property in that country. The figures of the entire world are 7,823 organizations, 821.000 members and $60,000,000 in property. A Chinaman delivered the most no- table address of the day. He said: \China is awakening and sending its best men to seek the best ideas in every country.'' —Former Governor B. B. Odell haa presented four acres of ground to the city of Newburg, announcing that he will build thereon a $25,000 model in- firmary for tuberculosis patients. Eating Establishments Using Butter Sub- stitute Must Notify Patrons. New York, Aug. 1.—\Oleomargar- ine used here\ must be printed plainly and conspicuously, beginning to-day, on all bills of fare in those restaurants throughout the State which serve sub- stitutes for butter. Lunch carts, board- ing houses and other eating places which do not rise to the dignity of a menu card, must post signs in places where they can be easily eeen and read, which shall bear the words \Oleomar- garine used here,\ in letters at least two inches in length and so printed as to be easily read by guests and board- ers. * / This is by order of the State Commis- sioner of Agriculture, whois enforcing a new law. Violation of the Commis- sioner's order is punishable bxiine and imprisonment. ; pression, of reasoning, of apprehension j character and habits have been so fully of observation—shall we call the train- ing of the hand and eye a fad? It is better worth doing for culture's sake than learning to spell or to know the names of the capes, gulfs, and capitals of the world, immeasurably better as culture, as training, as giving power. The introduction of these subjects into the public schools and into the private schools of one of the very great im- provements of our.iiay.jiDd accountsJa, good measure for the rising influence of the American schools on the Ameri- can continent. PLOTTING A REVOLUTION. German, Chief Agent, Ostensibly in Ven- ezuela on Another Mission, Ar- rested and Papers Seized. Caracas, Venezuela, Aug. 2.—The opportune imprisonment yesteday at ^Maracaibo, capital of the State of Zul ; a, of a German subject named Theodore Hauer, who recently arrived there from Europe, and Raymond Pop- pacon, his Caracas lawyer, disclosed a dangerous Castro revolutionary plot to overthrow President Gomez. Herr Hauer. ostensibly represented Gen. Castro in an attempt to sell the former president's stock in various Venezuelan companies, but in reality he was organizing a Castro revolution. This has been proven by correspondence and secret codes seized on his person. Important arrests are expected soon and Castro's adherents in CongTess are greatly alarmed. MASONIC'HOME BENEFICIARY. —In many of .'she wheat fields in Genesee county ;.he Hessian fly has again appeared. So far it has not done much damage, but there is no telling what havoc it may create before har- vest time. George Young's Will Leaves $100,000 ~ * to Masonic Hall and Asylum Home. New York, July 30.—The will of George Young, retired licorice manu- facturer, whose initial \Y\ is on the black licorice sticks and who died at 1 West 81st street February 1, was made public yesterday through the filing of the report of Transfer Tax Appraiser Weeks. v ^ It leaves $100,000 to the Masonic hall and asylum fund, $100,000 to grandson, George Young Bauchle, and $100,000 to Florence A. Ten Eyck, who was the financee of the grandson. To Louise Moon Bauchle, his great granddaughter, is left $100,000 in trust and the residu- ary estates divided equally among these three beneficiaries. The appraiser values the net real and personal estate at $957,745. A Woman in High Station. Mrs. Ella F. Young would have been Superintendent of Schools in Chicago long ago if she had not been a woman. She receives the honor now chiefly in recognition of admitted fitness, but partly /because no man appeared on whom the Board of Education would agree. Physically small but mentally broad, a born teacher, a dynamo of energy, possessing wide knowledge not only of pedagngy~~~but of the world, a fine speaker and no stranger to the legiti- mate arts of the politician, Mrs. Young, though she follows'many distinguished educators in the place, is probably bet- ter equipped for the' service than any of them. She has passed a lifetime in public-school work in Chicago. She is familiar with its history and with all of its problems. Assuming one of the most, important administrative posi- tions ever; held by any woman,she may, because she is a woman, succeed where men have failed. .In the management of Chicago's school system politics of the small, mercenary and vicious sort haa long been predominant. Expenditures have been heavy and the patronage great. Besides politics, religous, social and have appeared men have .one pitfall they have gone to distraction in another. Her sex will protect Mrs. Young from some of these perils; her wisdom and experience may enable her to avoid the others.—New York World. —A small insect that is certain havoc with the oat crop-has recently made its appearance near Spencertown. formed that you will be impervious to temptations. Lay the foundations of your manhood strong and solidly in the country,so that three will never be any danger of their being uprooted, gradu- ate in the country, so that when you enter the university of life in the city, you will be an experienced scholar, able to hold your own. Most of the distinguished men who have built the ramparts of greatness \artd success around IKIS* mighty nation were country boys, but they had so firmly established the underlying prin- ciples of character before taking up their places in the crowded hives_of men that nothing could bend\Them nothing turn them away from the .high purposes they had in view; the >virus of contamination could not touch them. Of the twenty-stven Presidents of the United States seventeen have come from the country, from the small farms around the small townships in remote districts; Roosevelt may be said to be the only city-bred man that has occu- pied the White House, but he at an early age severed himself from city surroundings and got close to the heart of nature and in close communion with the country-life. fr Fully 90 per cent, of all the famous Americans have been country-bred and all of them acknowledge their fame and success due to the foundations they had as boys in the old farmstead. There are one hundred country youths who succeed and make their mark in the world to one city-born and city-bred. For every country boy who fails in the race of life more than a thousand fail- urea can be laid to the city. And every day conditions are becoming worse in the city for aa the population becomes larger, competition becomes keener and the field limited. The city is circumacribed39 a center for .talent and already it is gutted with that com- modity. 'Tis mainly the country at present that holds out any inducement for youthful brains to develop, so that they may benefit trie world at a future day. racial considerations mischievously, and not been trapped by Bamps for Reckless Automobilists. Construction of hummocks in roads traveled by automobilists to prevent reckless speeding, which is an idea that was first applied by the Pennsylvania raliroad, may be adopted in other parts of the country. The Pennsylvania found itself greatly hampered in the operation of its trains by automobilists who took dangerous chances in attempting to cross its tracks just ahead of moving trains. It be- eame frequently necessary to reduce the speed of trains when automobiles were seen approaching a crossing at racing apeed. Thus time was lost and schedules were disturbed. Then it occurred to seme one in the employ of the company to construct hummocks in roads crossing the tracks, about thirty feet distance from the latter. They were made of earth, about eight inches in height. While an auto- mobile coming to one of these at mod- erate Bpeed crosses it without unpleas- ant results to its occupants, one driven at high speed is sent up into the air and cornea down with a jarring bump, dis- comforting to the occupants and not beneficial to the mechanism. Automo- bilists soon all knew of those hummocks and their effects, and now they ap- proach railroad crossings along the Pennsy Ivania's lines at moderate speed. In Kansas City there is under con- sideration the question of adopting the hummock device to make the roadwayB in the parks, and the boulevards, safe from speeding automobilists. Of course the hummocks disfigure the roadways, and cause some inconven- ience to innocent drivers and occupants of automobiles and vehicles but of automobiles and vehicles, but acci^t dents due to reckless driving have been so numerous that the creation of a lesser evil to abolish a greater one ia seriously considered. Seared With a Hot Iron. or scalded by overturned kettle—cut with a knife—bruised by slammed door —injured by gun or in any other way— the thing needed at once ia Bucklen's Arnica Salve to subdue inflammation and kill the pain. It's earth's supreme healer, infallible for boils, ulcers.fever sores, eczema and piles. Seder's. 50c. at F. C. said, direct justification of the attack made on American universities a few weeks ago by Bishop Faul of Trenton. He asked whither a religion without an authoritative basis would tend \If the opinions of President Eliot,\ he said, \are correctly reported, they justify to the letter Bishop McFaul'a attack on American universities. It is no longer individual professors who speak, but the ex-President of one of the greatest universities. He ougl.t to know. \The sum of his new religion is to Move God and serve your fellow-man.' But if religion has. no dogmatic basis but this, then Mohammedanism and Christianity are essentially identical and we may as well be Turks aa Chris- tiana. Every neligion has fundaments) dogmas and on them the moral code is founded, as a house rests on its found- ations The creed is as necessary as the code, for the credo gives sanction to the code. \Dr. Eliot says that 'the new religion will not be based on authority, either apirituaj or temporal' Hence we shall have universal anarchy, and the teach ing of St. Paul, which Dr. Eliot must have read that 'all authority is from God,' and he who resists authority .'re- . si&ts the ordinance of God. 'has. no mean- ing. A sad condition of human affairs must necessarily follow. \I have been particularly astounded in the lack of information implied in Dr. Eliot's statement that 'incense' is only sacrifice among the Christian sects. There is not one of them that teaches such a doctrine. Incense is only used as a symbol of prayer. The great and ancient church, of which I am a mem- ber, believes that sacrifice is tfc,€ essence of religion. The mass,•{., _,. call iVwh^his JtEejgflBfinc&jof tiiZJ*** lie religion, is the * unbloody form of the vary, where the God Man was\ the divine Messiah of the crged. The essence of thje Hebrew- creed was sacrifice.\ - Dr. Brann went on to declare that President Eliot's utterance showed lack\ of logic and religious training, and the superficial tiy of the great universities. He argued that if the universities taught that Christ was not divine would reduce Christianity to a mere philosophy, and Christian men should, not send their sons to them. •.... .• \Let the universities, 7 \send out well-trained logicians^ and learned scientists, not fellows^try- ing to fly with one wing, and the Chris- tian young men may be safe in them,; The Rev. Dr. George W. Knox, Pwfcv lessor of the Philosophy of Religion ini ! the Union Theological Seminary .djfr..^ cussing President Eliot's address, said: \It seems to me to be a very able-lA summary of what the intelligent men of the present day think, whether are in or out of the.churches, they have never \\formulated thoughts and would not, if you asked them, admit that such is really their, belief. But yet it is such ideas aa this which really influence their lives. Important Forces Overlooked. • \When President Eliot goes on to say: i that the Church of the future willhold; - these views he treads on much more dangerous ground. He forgets, : it; seems to me, the history of religion.'\ He dismisses in a few words some very \ important forces at work \to-day\-/ the outcome of which we cannot yet foresee.,\'>;. \He does not, in my opinion, take/ sufficient account of the non ratiojiaV beliefs of the day. A very, large nuin-;- ber of men are interested in 8UcK;mat~ \ ters as Spiritualism, Christian Science,^ \ the Emmanuel movement; and all three ; matters which deal with the sub'-con- ; sciousness. I find in talking to men that there are far more people inter- ested in them than are not. \Now if you turn to Butler's Anal- ogy, which was written at the begin- : ning of the eighteenth century, you will see the question raised as: to: ^whether there iB any such thing as a:: Christian religion at all. . Ye.t Burke,-; at the end of the century could say that the Deists had entirely disappeared.-'' The revival of Wesley, which swept;: through England and Wales in theniid-^ die of that century, caused this com- plete change in the situation, and it -\ may well happen that something of the same sort will again occur and prove President Eliot's prophecy is wrong. \He is right in what he sayB of the decay of authority. The growth of de- mocracy all over the world, the in- crease in scientific habits of thought, which demand proof, and not assertion, and the universal feeling that the race is steadily progressing, which now for the first time for many centuries, is dominant, make men refuse to take things on the strength of mere author- ity, however high. \I do not, however, agree With Mr. Eliot when he says that there are no such things aa the change of character in the twinkling of an eye. It may be uncommon, but it assuredly does happen in very many instances, and if the --•• £ •i* :•;•/** ':'%~- :-M - : ';<VV~ -S* .' -\'.s-vf •4^ '; •;'. ,'5» '\.?% •£$? -\ ivr-'fi : -'^:'••& ' .-•\:* V--- ' V/i'. y y ntaces, and if the spiritual influence b$ only strong it will change a man's ter not merely temporarily, but perma- nently.\ The conversions at Jerry McAuley'g mission were suggested as an illustra- tion of this, and Mr. Knox replied: >\. \Certainly. There are undoubtedly instances of a man entering the mis- sion a hopeless drunkard and coming out-with all desire fox liquor gone.\ —In the old Sullivan county court house which has just been torn dow~ twenty-four persons were indicted murder, only four of whom suffered death penalty -'•.<:•'% .'&*•«
