{ title: 'Facts and fallacies. (Brushton, N.Y.) 1905-1952, September 27, 1951, Page 1, Image 1', download_links: [ { link: 'http://www.loc.gov/rss/ndnp/ndnp.xml', label: 'application/rss+xml', meta: 'News about NYS Historic Newspapers - RSS Feed', }, { link: '/lccn/sn93063604/1951-09-27/ed-1/seq-1/png/', label: 'image/png', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn93063604/1951-09-27/ed-1/seq-1.pdf', label: 'application/pdf', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn93063604/1951-09-27/ed-1/seq-1/ocr.xml', label: 'application/xml', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn93063604/1951-09-27/ed-1/seq-1/ocr.txt', label: 'text/plain', meta: '', }, ] }
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••» If VOL. iMW&m *•*&%> am, *' | : ;i.^ | A.^.» ^ . Y.,,1WHRSDAY, SEPTEMBER 27, 1951 PRICE TWO cmm -\ -v..at;-- :•;>?:: ;:•:'•,;.: SCANWNSf *FHE Wlg^S •;*»»$ VMd ace Treaty Is Signed; Guiding Hand John Foster Dulles, bead of the American delegation to f&e peace treaty conference, tuat the guiding band behind- fbe treaty. He labored 11 months to bring it about. AND NOW PlACf— Guided by the tJnited States, 48 nations last weefe signed the Japanese peaee~1lleat$r- ,|ci,gan Francisco, possibly the most lenient pact after a bloody ''\sm4 bitter war in the history of the world. And one of the most remar&afefe aspects of the long negotiations and the signing was the attitude of^ the American people who suffered much at the hands of the Japanese. As the representatives of the 48 nations marched to the platform to sign the treaty, the people in the home towns of the nation were conscious of those who were not present— those who had given their Eves in the greatest war of all time. But they wanted the treaty because by it they were again offering a hand in friendship to those who desired to aid in the battle against aggression and communism. The American people re- alized also that by comple- tion of this treaty the United States had won its greatest diplomatic victory since World War II. Soviet Russia and its allies by refining, to sign* by its attempts to bi|ck the conference and iwrite in .amendments 1 which Ihegr would «of eveir- discuss faring fhe II msiilh^ the treaty was in negotiation, made known to the world they did not want peace. Among others, there were five broad terms to the treaty: (1) It takes away Japan's overseas empire, amounting to 45 per cent of all the territory she owned on Pearl Harbor day and reduces her to the four main islands of Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Shikoko. This would return her to the territorial status she held in 1854, when Commodore Perry introduced Japan to the modern world; (2) it forces Japan to pay limited reparations claims to the nations she damaged so badly in the war of 1941-45, particularly in south-east Asia, and thusf gain the oppor- tunity to re-establish commercial relations hi her former \coprosperity sphere\ (3) it obligates Japan to abide by the purposes and principals of the United Nations charter in her intercourse with • other nations; (4) it authorizes Japan to sign separate treaties with those countries that <Iid not attend the conference, and gives her' a choice of which China she wishes to recognize—NationalistChinaor Gommurdst China; (5) it gives her an opportunity to regain the ByukyU and Bonin islands, which include the major U. S. military base at OMaawa, If she lives up to the terms of the treaty and proves to be a reliable partner in the defense of the Pacific. GERMAN TREATY—Within the next : few weeks, possibly days, people in the home towns can. expect the announcement of a new treaty with West\ Germany much along the EaesVef the treaty given Japan. The treaty, taking the place of the present occupation statute imposed by the Allies*'may offer: (1>> Full sovereignty, with some security safe- guard for the three powers—the United States, Britain and France; (2) abolition of the three-power AEied Mgh commission. It would be succeed- ed probably by a council of ambassadors* C83 a change in the status of the occupation troops to defense forces, responsible for helping safeguard Germany as weH as Western Europe generally from Soviet aggression. Many observers believe West Germany is now ready to enter the western defense line-up against commumsmv The treaty will clear the way for West Germany's contribution to an European army. FARM EXPORTS—The department of agriculture reported last week that farm .exports in the fiscal year ended June 30 were valued at $3,409,245,000, up 14 per cent, over the $2,9^57,000 for the preceding year.. . These exports from the home towns; of the nation made up 27 per cent of the total 1950-51 exports, which were valued at $12,579,172^000. The 1950-51 total was up 25 per cent ever/ the 1949^50 total. Cotton topped the export list with aj iOtai'Of $935,332,000. It was the second highest in 26 years. Wheat and! flour, ranked second, up 9 per cent over the year before, having a total value of $747^570,000. Leaf tobacco was in third place, the export value at $273,262,000, up 12 per cent from the 1949-50 total. STEEL SHORTAGE—The home towns of the nation will feel the steel shortage in the next few weeks and months. Defense, production officials predicted a \pinch\ some si^ months ago and last week the government ieut back allocations of steel, copper and aluminum for civilian use. h As a result there wiH. fee fewer .< ' * i automobiles, radios, refrigerators ' * and other consumer products in. the next few months. But the shortage will hit harder at the home towns that had planned new school build- ings or had them under construction. The federal office of education reports the shortage means about 1,600 new schools planned for the booming school-age population across the country can not be built until next year—maybe not even in time for the fall of 1952. The nation's school enrollment is expected to continue on. an upward swing until 1964. Another crop of **war babies\ will start to school in the next few years. For this reason many communities are in desperate need of new facilities. The federal office of education, has on hand applications lor: metal for 1,000 new buildings and for ,ano£her X,259 projects., already unde* construction. The office has enough, steel tonnage to allow eonstraeMon* to go ahead on1,538, bu| that wiU leave i$£**4m which, money hasufeeea put up and work started—straiided ierj perhaps six to nine ntonthsk SIGNS OF WAR—There are ihcrea#ag £%is in Korea that all-out. war, may start at any moment. Th%:^dsi•continue'with probing attacks against AHied troops and there ar4 reports, of considerable movement immediately behind Red lines. < «. In turn, the Allies continued thefe Hnasited attacks ta, improve theis &£ ease positions. In one assault the Beds lost 2,©0Q men and AJlied air-: power continues to take a heavy toll o| Bed vehicles moving toward the + * Told You So Charles Wilson, defense mobiUzer, announced cutback'in civilian steel, copper and aluminum allocations* He predicted the \pinch\ six months ago. The Reds launched their last attack in May but were beaten back *«rfth terrific losses. Observers who have seen previous Red preparations relieve a new attack may be launched at any moment. General Ridgway ^Sports he is ready for it. CAR PRICES—The office of price stabilization has allowed automo- bile mahufacttisers an average of 5 to 6 per cent increase in new model passenger ears. The increase will be passed on by the dealer to the A 5 per cent increase in the price of Ford, Chevrolet and Plymouth cars means the home towner will have to pay as much as $70 additional for any of these models. Similar advances on Oldsmobiles, Buicks, Pontiacs and Chryslers could add from $100 to $150. HOME CONSTRUCTION St The commerce and labor depart- ments reported last week that pri- vate home building in August drop- ped one-third below August of last year and commercial building fej| S per cent under its 195Q pace. The August private home constructicst; also fell % per cent below Jtiy. The reduction in hufldMg;. activi- ties was believed: directly dtte %$i restrictions on. m9Mgag§_ fealty m and on use of essential materials in construction work. While home building fell, con- duction of military facilities, m- ;du^|r|a|. plants, electric power pre-* r|ej|tspa&$\3Qther defense supporting pfaejlilles; continued at an inereas/- hligj^a^ex This type of construction ' v ' .-as- tapidiy as structural * -popper aad; other materMa twere} iifipittMle' ftvmr Feaisson is on? w #P&# vacation,/theWas»> ington Merry-Go^Round is being written by several distinguished guest columnists; today's being by Corporal Charles Francisco, with the Uv IS. temy'* Seventh Division in Korea; Corporal Francisco, a native of Urbana, Illinois, was in- ducted in September 1950, and sent to Korea as a machine gunner shortly thereafter.) Loneliness and Death WJ&AT is it like in Korea? What \™ is it like to the men who are here? I think of three things around me — mountains, loneliness and death. I think of rotation and home and the future. And I know that those things are in the minds and Jtojteg oj; most infantrymen in As a soldier lies in his foxhole and $E|es toygeer through the mist tfca^'liile^^lfe; top of \a''mountain- he tfeiaks) '•;.%$ ,iaany things* This is tfcer.w^i^||^a'.a^ l>see- It.- - .-It f^enss|iffi' -sne-'tha*. eivMan writ- era <MtiMMz^&& wa£ enough mention of the hills. At any rate, the hills have' a major bear- ing on the job of the individual soldier and tile entire tactical sit' uation. A Strange Enemy Mountains and weather . . . ene- mies which have proved as effec- tive against the U. 1ST. forces as the Reds themselves. Last winter it was, cold and snow. You've heard about that. So far this summer the temperature has averaged in the humid eighties. When it isn't hot, it's raining . . . steady downpours for two and three days straight. It*s a strange war here in Korea. It's; a strange soldier we fight. Reports from intelli- gence speak of such things as \the Chinese may be waiting for a fufi m«on\ or \expect an attack if we get three straight days of rain.\ The Chinese are superstitious. They frighten easily and they fight fantical- ly. Every soldier dreads nightfall. The Reds love to infiltrate at night and launch wild whistle-blowing banzai attacks. The enemy uses his artilery; most at night. Unlike most wars there are no clear cut front lines in Korea. The enemy can' be any place at any time. Casualties Are Friends I; remember the first man I saw kjledt. We had been joking about how easy we had it. Then the artil- lery-came m. He was dead. The same^ shell was close enough to have gotten me but it didn't. Inci- dents Eke these encourage the fox- hole faith you read about in civil- ian^ Bfei, When you're a part of a war the casualty list isn't jmst a row of e is a man who wanted to live and do some- thing with his life just as you do. Tiie next digit could be you. Then there's the matter of heroes. Before I entered com- bat I thought heroism was a rare and individual thing. Long ag» that was true. But today any man who performs Ms du- ties well-under fire is a hero for my <&&iBbfi-it?WtiSfr£ ©f <>M may © have singlehandedly slain drag- ons but a modern soldier can- not do hand-to-hand battle with shrapnel. At least one good thmg comes of war . .,, teamwork. I don't mean the military teamwork of infantry, artillery, air, etc. Even^ mpre sig- nificant is the comradeship of men in battle. In my own regiment <i7th Infaritry) racial or religious prejudice is unheard of. A man soon ieachs; i;o aiptaise; the guy beside hi^\'- 1 ^:;^^ vc^eurag-e; under' 'fke. Tha#S; f ^*here» men are made. A Personal Fight l' \se^itp&esr-^ponder- if: war isn't mo^eis^^ai^p^ojial- .#ght #an it .seeji^^£i^^ie^m\^iy^&' ; t0- con#pife^i^::$|saM ^lt; ; -usuaify narrj»^5#igfe i® ,kil* or: be^ Mied. W6i&& \'ft&ba^' Is not only a deadly plaee but also a lonely one; There are no cities, as we Imow them> |in the battle zone. OW^I^^Iaife^^deriiessk ^The infantry would thrill to see such simple things as telephone poles, payed streets, brick . buildings and stores. 1 Many men now in the front lines were only recently removed from civilian life by the draft. They dreams about getting back to the work lihey love. The Slen Wonder Soldiers,, as always, have their gripes. Rotation is wonderful, but sometimes it seems awfully slow in coming around. When they see stateside papers with Korean news mentioned briefly they wonder if the people haeikhome care. The men hef# know why they're ftghtiEt% ¥0]* hear \Why not give them thie place.'* But when you talk seriously' with these same men, most ot them wiH admit they were nnjv. Ye^ttrur off steam. % , if all depends on the point of viiw. For instance, Senator Dirksen, the Illinois isola|ionist, sought to amend the aid t? Europe bill by providhig a slasht of, a, half-bipion dollars on the gr4Wds that his; cut< would mean a saving of $3.25 per capita in taxes to the people of this country. The other side of the picture was expressed by Sen^ Brian MeMahon of Connecticut, ^aid the nutmeg senator: \I wouldjirge, members of the senate when l;hey contemplate a' saving of $3.20 per capita, as suggested by the Senator from Illi- nois, to keep in nfihd: What will it profit a man to lave even a fleet of motor cars, and a great home; what will, it profit a man to have a fofe in\the WW&^$$m pfant m De- troit, or m any o|i/the: other great manufacfurnig pliipls; of the coun- try; what wjll it^psofit a man to have; ftMWSIer Mv&iQ&m 'blouse - and hisv ,|itiii(^^ffipF.eBfe-. •as|eep^ 1 ^upstairs; and-\^i|a^' 1 '?&:i^pioSt' anyone; to b& to^^fli'-haaj'.lived? ; $3i25i or $6^-whisfc^t&^'.Jboi^si Begin to rain upon the cities of America? \Mr. President, desfeoy west- ern Europe and let it pass, with its productive capacity, behind the iron curtain, .and What is implied in the question would come to : pass as surely as w stand on i§Be Moot of the senate. Let us be certain of one thing—let us be certain that we. are talking about the sur- vival of A^ni^cica.\ Sugar Subsidy There is a bitter argument under- way in Washnagton because for a number of: years liiere has been a law regiM^ting*' the production of\ sugar, and: a subsidy of a half-cent a pound whichi applies to only three American farmers, S you can call these bloated plutocrats farmers. The point is not so much that there has been a sugar subsidy,, but that the sugar subsidy has amount- , ed to more than the support price on potatoes, or most anything else you can mention. Taxes Thirteen senators from 11 states, members- of the^. senate finance committee^ either have the urge to wreck fs^M-. cooperatives in this country* fofesppg %e.,%prppaganda of,th'e National? Tax Eepality Asso- ciation, or thev-< do- xmM understand the real significance; of the pro- posals to which they have agreed. The latter statement is merely the charitable view. As the senate committee reported the tax bill, patronage dividends of farm crops would be allowed as deductions'only if either of the fol- lowing conditions were met: (1) The patronage dividends would have to be paid in cash or mer- chandise\'within' 7ff days ;after clpse of the year in which the patronage' occurred, or (2) the patronage div- idends were paid in the form of irrevocable obligations payable within a period' of not more than two years after close of the year in which the patronage occurred. The obligation would have to bear in- terest at the rate of at least 3 per cent annually.. Such obligations in order to be .deductible could not exceed one-half of the annual profits of the cooperative, for the year in which the patronage oc- curred. *• * • Brannan's View The action o£ the committee foK lows closely the pro$agja^4 a ^^ sponsored^ fey mpst of 'ffik,M& busi- ness groups as ( represented by NTEA that farm and other cooper- atives are socialistic. Secretary of Agriculture Charles F. Brannan, who the national farm organization has sought to crucify for his stand on various farm objec- tives, said; \The tentative ac- tion of the senate finance com- mittee in voiing discriminatory taxes against farmer coopera- tives gives this round to the NTEA. But it does not destroy my hope and belief that the de- cisive rounds to come will re- sult in victory Cor the farmer.\ Tl)us in theIteal-analysis we find the secretary ef a g r i c u 11 u r e, sconced'' by big business and flayed by q>ffieials ef the farm organiza- tionsv on the side, of the farmers and the farm coops,, while the > very business organizations supported by the farm organization officials as exemplified by NTEA, were about to walk over the prosteate form of- the farm coops. DRAMA OJ? NEW-YORK\ CTFT STREET . „ . This dramatic, on-the-spot photo shows police working, over an injured man, identified as Frederick Cool, 70,. of West 77th street, who was bit by the auto at right, whick in turn was hit by a truclc^ In t»e> foreground, Viola gweet,; 75; writhes in pain as she awaits ihe arrival of medical help. Police in the backgronnd'are talkioViw an nnfdentified truck driver whose vehicle is believed to have caused the accident. Frederick Cool and Viola : Sweeit were seated on a bench at Broad- way and 83rd street when hit by the auto. Cool was dead on arrival at hospital. ^ •&! RED ROAD TAX SNARLS TRAFFIC . . . Heavy freight trucks are: stalled at the Helmstedt Marienoorn crossing point in Berlin, tied up as a result of a road, tax slapped on west German vehicles by the Com- munist-controlled east Berlin^ government.. City transport officials, estimated that the trucks are being held up from 25 to 30 hours because of the latest Soviet zone harassment tactics. Recommendations lot dealing with the Soviet tax have been forwarded to the allied high commission by Berlin's three 1 western allied act- ing commandants. * • f^^^fiK GREEKS HONOR VAN FLEET . . , With the unveiling of this statue at Kastoria, northern Greece,-General James A. Van Fleet'becomes one of the few living men to be immortalized in marble. This, is a scene of the, unveiling ceremony. Standing at left is the mayor of Kastoria. At right is Lt. James A. Van' Fleet, Jr., son of the general; The statue was erected in gratitude to Vah Fleet for his faith in the Greek- soldier and contribution in crushing the Communist revolt in Greece, Representatives of big ' cotton growirs were given a taste of their own medicine when John D. Small, chairman of the munitions board, told the senate preparedness com- mittee that the. gopejrhment. would not stockpile/s^me of, the. l^bilion bale cotton- cropVoj T®5£. Such ae~ tion would set a pieaedemt; for pror dueers of other ejeops^ andM&mestie mate^Js.^to; ^asK' .fj^r-. s^fe^^iig; ' suppoi't' when, .'pjpfeesi me,' not'\'\ Srv^aH txdti the seJ3ate» M-mm www +*% <mww A * * *<i C< *i.f - S J v ,- ~v s.- r v * * jhu \ A ^A AV&+MI * * ^ -3W FLANE CRAS3E1 LANDS?>, ?; ; A portion of a wing and the tail is all that can? be &^^^^^W^j^iii^-^^:-Wmt American^eonvate plane after l^era^!»nded ; ai##a^ pjer^soh^ ahoa^wie^ ^sjpSi^;#^ fee; seea ^ir;#e^^piig.' pJfcs^^^^1pale8%o|n?i^ ^rashjd| ? ;les^^^3pt\' Sk •0^^^M'^^^i^^i^^^!^^ ! *i 'i^^^^i^^^smk- were ARRESTED IN \BREAD MAD- NESS\ CASE . . . Maurice Maillet, a miller of Font Saint-Esprit, France, has been charged with manslaughter in connection with \bread madness\ which took four lives and sent 35' others to hospital. SKINNER--AT, J6... Maureen Con* nolly, 16, youngest tennis star to win national women's champioc- clasps her 'hands in typical \\\\i^-f\\\\\ *x«S ^* c \> * f I 4' *i i i i. * hi » * { I! *i\ -i -i ti i ft l! if: I i'-a 11? I 'n \ \ n § 1 !i f .-x\ & I IS V m m t'S * m. '.I -*§B6fc- L «^^VC ^mS^^Smm^.y, * W?yj1y-;« ,->Z£j$>sifrzy{?t>f£iX* ^ j^j^i-^^m^j.'r'^'\^ ?pm^^&£Ur * —*T V '*V«^ V **BI - •i V ,1 ii II #1 r - ij I
