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..THU COURIEB, BROpKEIBLU, N, Y., .^I^NBSDAY., JUKE 27,. ,1928 High Corn Crib With Elevator Saves Labor in Storing Crops D rive W ay By W. A. RADFORD. - Mr. William A. Badford w ill answer 4)uestions and give advice FK E E OF COST on all problems pertaining to the aubject of building w o rk on the farm, lo r the readers of th is paper. On ao- «onnt of his wide experience as editor, auth o r and manufacturer, he Is, w ith o u t doubt, the highest authority on the aubject. Address all Inquiries to Wil liam A. Radford, No. 1827 Prairie ave- aue, Chicago, 111., and only inclose iw o -cent stam p for reply. Better prices for grain this year snake It all the more Important (hat the farm have a good building to tiouhe the crops in. Here Is a design ighgh cotorncrlb lor a hi c and granary which Is equipped with a power ele- >r.r. Thishis buUdlnguilding Iss 28 byy Si eitherither sideide ayee cribsribs foror ' -vato T b I 28 b S6 feet. On e s ay c f the ear com, each 8 feet wide and throngh the center runs a driveway, 6 inches wide. Over the drive are the bins for small grain. The sides and ends of the crib sec tions of the building are constructed c f open siding so as to permit the circulation of air which dries out the le power elevator located r of the driveway. Thh corn and keeps It In good condition throughout the winter. Where the bins are located Is a tight wall con struction with the floor and sides of the bins consisting of matched, finished lumber. One of the principal features of the building is the in tlie center < elevator carries the ear corn from the dump to a swivel spout in the cupola. The spout may be turned so that the ear corn Is thrown Into either one or the other of the two cribs. Such an elevator is a labor-saver and cuts the cost of storing the crop. Readers who are Interested In build ing such a corncrlb and granary as this can secure blue-prints of the building free by asking for them. In writing state the size of the building wanted or give the capacity in bushels desired. Just address your letter to R. D. Radford, Editor of Bet ter Farm Buildings department. Farm Mechanics Magazine, 1827 Prairie avenue, Chicago, III. Masonry Home Can Be Built Dampness Free Care must be taken, in the home of masonry construction, to prevent the possibility of penetration of dampness, with Its destructive effects on Interior plaster and wall decoration, in brick construction the quality of and d.e inclu- 1 wall decor const ructloi the bricks themselves filon of a waterproofing compound In the mortar mix are the governing reasonable attention brick construction is made impervious to moisture. Hollow tile offers good resistance to dampness, but the same provision for factors. With dampproofing tlie mortar must be made. Where concrete block is the material used, the block should be of sharp sand. Certain types of stone are entirely unsuitable to exterior vse because of a high rate nf absorp tion, and the quality of any stone used In construction should be care- illy guai Peeled wall paper, mildew, ugly blotches on painted plaster and other unpleasant consequences wait upon for waterproofing. Built-In Units Mean Modem Type o f House One of the first things to do in buy ing a home is to make sure that it contains the indispensable built-in con veniences, advises E. J. Welsh In the current issue of Your Home Magazine. Of course every housewife and even most men know enough to look at the closet space, but, according to this authority, there are other bullt-lns that are really Just as necessary, par ticularly when the fioor space is lim ited. If the house does not contain them they can be easily added, he says, even If It Is an old house. ‘‘The kitchen features,\ he writes, “should Ipolude a liberal amount of ipboard room, comprised of both id a cabinet or disappearing ironing-board. A work shelves and drawers, perhaps al^o a sliding breadboard and a cabinet table, quite handy when an extra table Is demanded, is another built-in fea ture that is popular with housewives. This folds up into a sma In use. In thf dlnii ning-room. cor ner china cases add beauty to the room and are very practical. For the small home, a dining alcove takes up no more than one-fourth as much as a dining room and still it has all the accommodations necessary for a fam ily of three or four. “In the living room or library, both architectural and decorative beauty Is added by bullt-ln bookcases.” Other built-in conveniences sug gested by the writer In Your Home are dressing tables, telephone cab- I designs that yon know will not out of style. A well-designed article Is a Joy for all time, and the older If gets the more beautiful It grows.\ inets, medicine cases and linen case: such designs that yon know will not Stone Chimney Adapted to Any Type of Home About the chimney of stone there is always the appeal of things which are a direct product of nature. In such material, the chimney will blend with the color and texture of al- ke all other chimneys, that of e requires an adequate footing of rete, placed on firm, tamped butterfat, such as Jerseys and Guern seys on fresh pasture, grain supple ments per daily milk production should be ,3 pounds grain for 20 pounds milk, 4 pounds grain for 25 most anything else. As evidence of this, we see stone chimneys used on houses of stucco, brick and wood, all other concreti extend well below the frost line. Good Portland cement mortar should be used for the Joints, and the flues should all be lified with fire-clay lin ing, preferably In round shape to In sure proper draft All framing wood work should be Insulated from the chimney by asbestos or metal. Headed for Trouble , Wife—^You know we must have a hat for every occasion. Thrifty Husband—Well, a t present there seems to be no occasion for a h a t —Boston Transcript Presumably Safe Motorist—Officer, I left my cor here not 15 minutes ago, and now it’s gone. Ofllcer—It must have been stolen. Motorist—On, no. I have it Insured aaainst theft VERY LIKELY Bug—“I wonder what kind of boys all these criminals were?” Fly— “Probably the kind that liked to pull off our wings 1” £rhe JRY. FEED FOR DAIRY , COW O^J PASTURE with blue grass pasture the main spring and summer feed, the problem of getting tlie. most profit out of 'a herd of good dairy cows calls for ad ditional feeding, according to EJ. C. “ Itlng of the University of Missouri. With cows producing 4% per cent Elting of the I pounds milk, 5 to 5 ^ pounds grain for 80 pounds milk, 7 pounds grain for 35 pounds milk, and 8.2 pounds grain for 40 pounds milk. For cows producing less than 4% per cent milk such as Holsteins, Brown Swiss or Ayrshire, from 3 pounds of grata for 25 pounds of milk to 9 or 10 pounds of grain for 50 pounds of milk should Blue grass or legume pasture will supply enough protein so that home grown energy-producing feeds such as corn, oats and barley can be used iplement the grass. Later In the season or where the pasture Is short, more protein feed should be supplied. isture Is short. A reeo-’mended grain ration with summer pasture la 300 pounds of ground corn or barley; 200 pounds of ground oats or wheat bran; and 50 pounds of cottonseed meal or an abundance of legume feeds. Later in the season, the be reduced to 200 po tonseed meal or other protein supple- lount of corn should ment increased up to 100 pounds. A small field of sudan grass will provide good pasture tlmt will help to tide over the August-September pas ture shortage. A limited field with 25 pounds of Sudan seed drilled, per acre will provide a good crop and will pas ture up to two head per acre. This will help to keep the cows in better condition and will lessen the fall slump resulting from the pasture shortage. Roots for Dairy Cattle Supply Succulent Feed The chief function of roots in cattle feeding is to supply a succulent feed. Under general farm conditions the quantity of nutrients grown per acre in root crops Is small In comparison to the cost of production. These root crops, however, ing the winter comparison These root however, can be preserved dur- equally well whether targe or small quantities are fed eac day,day, andnd thereforeerefore haveve special( ai a th ha sp plication when only a few c e fed. Of the different toot gel-wurzels furnish the gi yield per acre. Other kinds of beets and turnips and carrots may be used, however, should be fed Turnips, however, should be fed after milking rather than before, as they cause a bad flavor In tbe products If fed Immediately before milking. Car rots impart a desirable color to the Three Chief Essentials to Successful Dairying There are three essentials to suc cessful dairy farming. These are good cows that have the ability to convert the feed grown on the farm into milk and butterfat economically. After you have the efficient cows It will be neces sary for yon to supply these cows with the right kind of feed and care so that it will be possible for your cows to produce milk economically, and then you must have a market for your dairy products. Where these three essentials are provided you are al most sure to succeed, but if any one It is profitable to raise hogs and poultry on a dairy farm especially when only butterfat Is sold and skim milk available to feed to hogs and poultry. 'acts I r**** Dairy Facts Soy beans offer the dairyman an excellent opportunity to increase his profits. ‘Cows should be dry from four to six weeks. If they are good heavy mllk- Feedlng enongh does not mean over What constitutes enough feei ly only by her feeding be determined accurate- will ea t Alfalfa hay and corn silage together supply Ideal roughage. A cow ordinarily eats from 30 to 40 oounds of silage a day and' from 10 to 20 pounds of hay. I way to get large producing cows is to give the growing heifers itunted hell produce the best chance. A stunted heifer will too often be a poorer pi More than 4,000 Ohio cows received diplomas from the National Dairy as sociation because they produced more than 300 pounds of butterfat last year. Sterility In dairy animals, both par tial and complete, causes losses to dairymen that are probably as great as caused by the more dreaded conta gious diseases. Cattle Finished' ^ for the Market Dry-Lot Feeding and Fat tening on Grass Are Two Methods U sed., (Prepared by tbe- United State* Department ot Acrlculture.) In “Feeding Cattle for Beef,” which has Just been published by the United states Department of Agriculture as Farmers’ Bullettu 1549-F, W. H. Black of the bureau of animal indus try offers In 16 pages a condensed and simplified analysis of practices In feeding cattle, which have been tested In the feed lots and pastures. It Is intended primarily as an aid to farm ers who have not had wide experience in finishing cattle for the market, but ttle, the aui rabillty of knowing the market It Is believed the bulletin will be no less valuable to experienced feeders In checking their established methods. Knowing Market Trends. Since the net returns from cattle feeding constitute the real basis for measuring success In the fattening of the author points o ty of knowing tli trends by seasons and for a term of years. This, knowledge, plus an exam ination of the kinds and qualities feeds and roughages on the farm, v in large measure determine when buy feeders and what sort to buy. Dry-lot feeding and fattening on grass are the two methodrof finish ing cattle for market. It often pays to feed grain supplements to cattle on grass to gain a better finish at an earlier date when the market Is likely to be higher for eucb grades. In re cent years the demand for smaller cuts of high quality meat has favored the practice of feeding calves liberally and selling them as fat yearlings. Quotations from the bulletin will Indi cate Its scope: “Approximately 75 per cent of the fertUiziug constituents of feeds fed to live stock Is returned in the manure.\ lost cattle feeders take It as a prise without having bogs in the feed “Such feeds as mila, kafir and bar ley should be ground.\ “The higher the grade, or quality of the feeder the more economical will be Its use of feed.\ “When feeders are relatively cheap and feeds high, cattle possessing con siderable fat are preferable.\ Finishing on Grass. “If cattle are to be finished on grass, and if there is sufficient rough- age to carry them through the winter, the feeders should be purchased in the fall. Buying feeders in the spring for finishing on grass the following sum mer should be limited to cattle that B're fairly mature. “Dry rations are now nsnally asso ciated with short feeding periods and with feeder cattle over 800 pounds In weight Silage rations are used more In long feeding periods with the light weight Silage rations i er feeders.” The bulletin Includes average ra tions for various weights of cattle, simple method of calculating the cost of protein In feeds, suggestions for bal- rtlng cattle rstems for lementary feeds for graz- lip- ment for feeding, and other practical suggestions. Farmers’ Bulletin I549-P may be procured free by applying to the De partment of Agriculture, Washington, Colorado Has Outlawed . Common Barberry Plant The common barberry and Its re- hortlcultural varle Ity to harbor ease causing Clares the plant a pest and orders destroyed wherever found. order makes It a misdemeanor causing great losses In wheat antine order No. 3, recently pub- led by the state entomologist de- itroyed wherever fount Tbe order makes it a : punishable by a fine of $5 to $500 to ship common barberrles lnto the state. Such shipments made contrary to the order will be Immediately sent ont of the state or destroyed at the expense of the owner or owners. The order Is a reissue of a similar measure In force before the last gen eral assembly changed the status of the State Entomologist act. The baled hay Is easier handled and rcqnires much less storage space. If weeds get ahead of the alfalfa, clip them off with a niowe. not later than September 15. If there Is land on the farm that Is too poor or rough to cultivate, one may establish a woodlot. Extra fine quality alfalfa hay may lat bran, while poor quality alfalfa contain one-fourth more protein than wheat bra may have a fourth less. The 'curing of hay Is largely de pendent on weather conditions, but sllqge crops can be put into the silo when wet and will cure regardless of weather. The quality of hay depends quite largely on the methods used in cur ing and handling It, hence the neces sity for using the best methods and ■'''nos ivnllablei. Seliingv Vegetables at Roadside Stands Should Be Home-Grown and of Good Quality. To make'-a successful business of roadside . marketing one must have sufficient interest, the right help, a good, location, and the willingness to be exacting and pay close attention to details, stated Prof. Paul Work of Cornell university, speaking at the New York State College of Agriculture, on roadside markets for vegetables. One must decide whether to make a business of roadside marketing or to merely use it to Increase the family Income. The produce sold should be home- grown or raised in the vicinity, and never obtained from city markets. Speaking with special reference to vegetables, he said, a fairly full line should be carried with certain prod ucts as a specialty. The vegetables should be graded with separate prices grades. goods, with flowers as a side line, in- SEPARATE SEXES WHILE YET YOUNG When the cockerels In a poultry flock reach a live weight of from one qnd one-fourth to two pounds each they should be separated from the pul lets and put on a different range or In another inclosure. This will aid In the growth of both the pullets and cockerels, according to the poultry men at the New York State College of Agriculture at Ithaca. They explain that the pullets will be less crowded and will thus have a better chance to eat and grow. The cockerels fight less and grow faster when they, too, have less com- ■ petition In their range area and roost playing different grade Neatness and arrangement in display of the separate prices and separate arrangements for dis- crease the stand’s selling power. The Bite of the stand should be chosen so It may be seen readily from a distance and should have ample parking space around IL The stand should be distinctive, attractive and and simple. But they are not as Im- the more desirable. The salesman is Important In build ing good will and a large trade. He must present a good appearance, must never contradict, be patient, and not too talkative. Most Important of all ing quarters. They should have a ably among trees, places. To raise vigorous males for ucL To be buslnesc-1 he m ^ t never misrepresent a prod- !s-llke, a salesmaii ought always to be at the stand. Wrapping and packing are Important In giving the customer satisfaction. Advertising, after the beginning, is not necessary-H the products are good. Causes of Failures to Secure Alfalfa Stand Fallnres to secure stands of alfalfa on reseeding may be due to several causes, farmers Interested In new that has been as carefully prepared as for sugar beets, according to Alvin Eezer, agronomist of the Colorado ex periment station. For that reason the crop often Is started more readily on land that has been previously In a cultivated crop that has left the soil in a good physical condition. Some failures to secure stands of alfalfa may be due to the lack of organic matter In the soil which is sometimes evident on heavy soils that “run to gether.” Alfalfa makes the best growth when planted fairly early In the season and not over one inch deep on heavy soils. which sometimes makes it necessary to furrow and Irrigate the newly seed- moisture befifore dust come in coi le It will om one-h B best nurse crop all over Colorado, particularly the variety known as Colsess. Kanota, a short-stemmed oat, has proved very satisfactory In the Arkansas valley. After the ground has been planted the alfalfa, rather than the nurse crop, should be favored In the matter of Irrigation.^ The small grain will usually take care of Itself as long as the young alfalfa is In good condition. The alfalfa should be Irrl; gated as soon after the nurse crop is harvested as possible. Rotary Hoe Useful for Breaking Crust on‘Soil Among the many uses of the rotary 'hoe, one of the most Important is that of breaking up a crust after a hard rain. Such a crust Is a troublesome thing a t any stage of the corn crop, but is especially serious If it occurs Just about tbe time the corn or beans are coming throngh the surface, as at such a time It will turn the tender shoot back upon Itself, often prevent ing Its getting through. Often Important uses of the rotary hoe are for preparing fall plowed ground, cultivating com and beans before they are large enough to plow, renovating alfalfa and clover. Those who have tried out this comparatively new tool are quite enthusiastic as to Its value, and it promises soon to be come one of our most popular farm implements. Odors From Weeds Are Quite Difficult to Avoid If odors come from weeds or garlic In the pasture they are difficult to avoid, but they may be controlled by pasturing the-cows In the forenoon, stabling them in the afternoon and feeding some dry feed. As soon as they'are milked In the evening they may be turned on pasture again for a few hours , if desired. When the cows have to depend wholly on weedy pasture, the best plan Is to keep diem bp at night, save the morning milk separate from tbe evening milk, and keep fh^e cream from each in separate Jars, This method will pro- d u ^ two different qualities of butter, both of which may be disposed of on their individual mmrlts. le and open air roosting breeding purposes the cockerels should grouped together should have larg - - . ffiey E shelter house, preferably among tr e shade and open air roos ;orou3 males cockerels sh y size and vl large range a reas,' feed hoppers and water troughs In at least three separate parts of the range so that there will be less chance for intimidation and consequent under nourishment for the smaller birds. In choosing cockerels for breeding or for market, begin the selective process as soon as the birds begin to show marked sexual characteristics. The time may vary according to breed and feed, but for leghorns they may be selected first at from six to eight weeks of age, and from ten to twelve weeks in the heavier varieties. The earlier the market cockerels can be by weight for broil the season faster put on weight , because tbe p Hers decreases v than the birds Broilers Bring Profits Now Only When in Prime New Jersey poultry men having sur plus cockerels to dispose of as broil ers are finding that there is little or no profit In them unless they are In prime condition. Because farmers In all parts of the country are getting rid of their excess young male birds during May, June, July and August tbe market offers only moderate prices. Birds in poor or only fair condition are sold at a \Observation bas shown,’’ says O. S. P la tt assistant poultry busbaad- man at the New Jersey experiment station, “that the poultrymen who have their broilers always In prime condition and ready to sell at a mo ment’s notice, make the greatest prof- tbeir ability to take le turns In the i start with young chicks and by proper feeding and management endeavor to get rapid, uniform growth. No finishing Is nec essary. From the time the birds are first large enough to sell as broilers, nntii tliey are finally sold, they are in its through their ability to take ad- ige of favorable turns In the mar- Tbese men start with young To cause this favorable growth poultrymen keep the birds confined and feed them a special ration. Laying Mash Suggested by New York Station and the h of material of different kinds, espe cially If she is going to do herself proud and make you a profit by a big year’s output. le ingredients commonly used In egg-laying mashes, says tbe New York Itural experiment station, ffieat middlit oil meal, corn gluten feed, com agricultural experiment station, wheat bran, wheat middlings, Urn oil meal, corn gluten feed, corn n ground oats, alfalfa meal, meat scrap, fish meal and dried buttermilk feedv^ Of course you don’t use all of these materials at the same time, but you need several. The Cornell mash, fdr Instance, which has beeomd so stand ardized that dealers are putting It on tbe market already mixed, consists of “equal parts by weight of wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn meal, ground oats and meat scraps.” The above mixture makes a pretty in place of the ground oats. Bone meal or lime Is also usually added. Size of House Uost authoritiesuthorities recommendcommend a poul- r house 16 too 20 feeteet wideide facingacing Most a re a pon 5 t 20 f w f th single slope shed roof, 0 25 feet wide with lo I. Half-monitor poulti uses are not very popular because the large amount of waste space at, try the south with or one 20 to 25 feet wide with low double roo t Half-monitor poultry houses are not top. From three to five square feet of floor space per fowl Is recommend ed, depending on type, with four mean four fowls per foot length. Poultry House Floors Poultry authorities differ as to best loor for poultry bouses. Important things are freedom from dampness, cold, grafts and dust Double wood floors with heavy paper between are much used and very good, except that they are short-lived and .do not keep out rats. Dirt, gravel or sand-clay Hoors are dusty a.nd harbor rats and are hard to keep clean. Cement floors are satisfactory when properly made. Foundation walls should extend 12 to 18 Inches Into the ground.
