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C a t o s o f 3 T c t u - | J o r k — b y a u t h o r i t y . [Every Law, unless a different time shall be prescribed therein, shall commence and take effect throughout the State, on and not before the twentieth day after the,day ofits final passage, as certified by the Secretary of State. —Sec. 12, title 4, chap. 7, part 1 , Revised Statutes.] [Every Law so published by him, (the State Printer,) may be read in evidence from the paper in which it shall be contained, in all courts of justice in this State-, and in all proceedings before any officer, body or board, in which it shall be thought necessary to refer thereto, u ntil three months after the close of the session in which it became a law—Sec 8 , title 7, chap. 8 , part 1, Revised Statutes.] CHAP. 6 . AN ACT granting per diem and mileage to Isaac L. Has- brouck, while prosecuting his claim to a seat as mem ber of Assembly, in the place of J j^ n D. L. Monlanye. Passed February 11, 1847, by a t.wo-third vote. The People of ihe Slate qf New York , represented in Senate and Assembly, do enact as-follows : § 1 . The Treasurer shall, on the warrant bf- the Comp troller, pay to Isaac L. Hasbrouck, out of any funds be longing to this State, not otherwise appropriated, a sum of money equal to the per diem compensation o fa member of Assembly, for each day the said Isaac L. Hasbrouck has ac tually been in attendance prosecuting his claim to. a seat a s . member in place of John D. L. Montanye ; and also the mileage to which a member- of Assembly is entitled by Ia.w, in coming from and returning to his place of resi dence for such purpose; and the sum of one hundred dol lars is hereby appropriated, out of which the said per di em and mileage shall be paid. §2. This act shall take effect immediately. CHAP. 8 . AN ACT appropriating the annual revenues of the Com mon School and United States Deposite Funds. Passed February 12,1847. [Pursuant to Sec. 14, Art. 7, of the Constitution.] The People o f ike State of New-York, represented in Senate and Assembly, do enact as follows : § 1. There shall be paid from the T reasury, on the war rant of the Comptroller, out o f the revenue of the common school fund, to the treasurers of the several counties, and the chamberlain of the city of New-York, the sum of one hundred and ten thousand dollars, for the use of schools, according to the apportionment made by the superintend ent of common schools. There shall be paid in like man ner, and for the like purpose, out of the annual income of the United States’ deposite fund, the sum of one hundred and ten thousand dollars, on the conditions prescribed in the secopd section of chapter two hundred and thirty-sev en, of the laws of one thousand eight hundred and thirty eight. And there shall also he paid, in the same man ner, on account of district school libraries, or for the pay ment of teachers’ wages, or for the purchase of maps, globes, or scientific apparatus, in the discretion of the in habitants of the several school districts qualified to vote therein, the sum of fifty-five thousand dollars, and for the payment of the salaries of county superintendents of com mon schools in arrear, on the conditions prescribed in chap ter two hundred and sixty, of the laws of one thousand eighthundred and forty-one, fourteen thousand dollars. § 2. This a c t shall take effect immediately. State o f New- York, } I have compared the preceding Secretary’s Office. ) with the original laws on file in this office, ana do certify that the same are correct transcripts therefrom and of the whole of the said original. . N. S. BENTON, Secretary of State. N oble S entiment .—W h e n Sir W alter Scott was urged not to prop the lalling credit o f an acquain tance, lie replied: “ The man was my friend when friends were lew; and I will be his now that his enemies are many.” A G reat F act .—At a recent meeting to estab lish a Juvenile Rofugoin Manchester, the Arch bishop of Dublin said they could educate fifty chil dren at the same cost that they could keep one soldier. It is said that the recent elections in the State of Maine will give the democrats a majority of one in the House, and that this will secure the election of democratic candidates in the other branches of. the government. A B eautiful , I dea .—The baptismal admonition of tbe Hindoos is as impressive on the bystanders as it is b e a u t i f u l “ Little babe, thou enterest the world weeping; while all aronrrd you smile ; con trive so to live, that you may depart in smiies whilst all around you weep.” A N ight ’ s E arnings .—Some time ago M r Wood- bridge, agent for Day. Newell & Day, patent safe manufacturer?, placed in the Exchange a safe with a recently invented lock, and in the sale enclosed $500 as a reward for any person who ?hould pick the lock. Mr. Hobbs, lock smith nf this city, was shut up last night in the building, and at a little before 7 o’clock this morning left the place $500 richer than when he entered. O pinion in E ngland of the M exican . Q uarrel .— T h e European Times says : “ T h e struggle now going on between the Anglo Ame.iiean and the- Hispano blood on the plains of Mexico can only have one result—the subjugation ofthe inferior race. The justice of the quarrel i s ' a subject of some controversy ; and as there are always two sides to a question! much lias, and will continue to be said by the partisans on either side. But ofthis there can be no doubt, that the North American Continent must, inthe nature of things, be ruled by the race to whose mental and physical energy its rapid rise in the scale of nations has been owing.” F ire in L owell .—About 12 o’clock on Wednes day night, a fire broke out in Merrimac street. Lowell, and destroyed quite a considerable amount of property. P rosperity of M anufactures .—The Lawrence- burgh (Term.) Times, printed at the seat of one the manufacturing regions of that State, says— “ Our manufacturers are all lully manned, and are unable to meet the constantly increasing de mand for their fabries. Pricps continue firm and steady, and promise a great increase of business this year.” In 1843, there were imported into Philadelphia, 103,491 gallons of liquors of various kinds, inclu ding 6S,934 gallons of brandy, 2000 of rum, 3,291 of whiskey, 11,813 of gin, ancl 17,450 of wine.— Last year, the importations were 170,272 gallons of brandy, 8,645 ol rum, 4,614 of whiskey, 48,870 of gin, and 131,443 of wine—showing air increase in three years of 277,353 gallons.—[Bost. Times I ron . —On Friday last the first pig Iron was made at the North Adams Furnace. The draft was about thirty-five hundred pounds, and the quality far exceeded the most sanguine expecta tions of the proprietors. The existence of good Iron Ore in Northern Berkshire is no longer prob lematical, ancl we hail the introduction of this branch of business as an epoch in the history of the enterprise of our village.— [Nonh Adams (Mass.) Trans. Of course .—The House of Representatives of Massachusetts, on Thursday, rejected the Resolu tion for granting aid to the troops just raised in that State! by a vote ot 191 to 47.—The Legisla ture of Rhode island, on the same day, rebuked the bitterness of Massachusetts, bv V & giving $2,500 out the country the means of transportation ap pear to be taxed to their utmost for conveying the enormous quantities of p roduce to be shipped to Europe. W e understand that four acres of Indian meal are lying al E iizab e lh p o r t , and at Somerville, Trenton, and other places on the line of the railroads, the storehouses are full to overflowing. F r e i g h t trains are running on th ^ a i f r o a d s night and day, unable to keep up vv^ff the d emand for transportation. About 300 teams loaded with Indian meal, averaging 40 bushels to the ioad, passed through Bound Brook, a few days since, on the way to N e w Brunswick. to the support and equipment of a company that is being 'enlisted in Providence. Col. Cushing, of the Massachusetts volunteers, has supplied each member with a serviceable pair of boots, at his own expense, since the refusal of their tory legislature to provide for them. The city of Charlestown, has appropriated $1,500, to provide lhe- volunteers from that place, with s u it able clothing for the campaign. W hat the A rt of P rinting has D o n e —In the year 1274, the price af a small Bible, neatly writ ten, was 30 pounds, which sum was about equal to $1000 of our money. A goo.l Bible may now be had for 75 cents. T oj . i T humb .—This distinguished individual leaves Liverpool for this country, in the steamer Cambria, thfs week, with his guardian, P. T. Bar- num, Esq. Eight beautiful little pouies, employ ed in drawing the General’s miniature coach, have already arrived at Bridgeport, his native town.— A fnv'years ago, the little fellow was a child of poverty—now, he has a princely income, fie will make the tour of the United States, after his re turn. M o v e m e n t of P roduce for E u r o p e .— T h e papers from all quarters report large quan tities of bread stufFs on the way to .Europe, in consequence of the late advance in prices. T h e Baltim o re papers say that more teams with flour, wheat, and°corn. were in that city last week, than during any previous week for 20 years. A brig sailed from Baltimore on F r i day with 1980 bbls. flour, 280 bushels corn, 108 kegs of lard, and one sailed the day previous with 2,855 bbls. flour, 200 .half do. 456 bbls. corn meal, 376 bush, corn, and 350 hams. On Saturday the bark Orion cleared at the same port for Liverpool, with 18,990 bush, corn, 10 hhds. haras. 50 bbls. tallow, 85 kegs do., 200 dry hides, 104 bbls. flour. More corn arrived at W ilmington, Del., on last Tuesday, by wagons, than was ever known before in one day. T h e Lancaster turnpike presented almost one siring of wagons through out the whole day. T h e roads in the interior of M a ryland are also filled with produce teams. T h e Norfolk, V 'a, papers “ c r y alo u d ” for vessels to come and takeaw a y the hoards of pro ductions of that State which have arrived at tide water, and wbich are continually accumulating with unprecedented rapidity. Indeed through. 1 3 1 it 5 1 ) a m t o xi JASON R. ORTON, EDITOR. B ingham ton, W e d n e sday, February 24, 1847. Tlie Kail Road in Danger. Binghamton was thrown into a stale of conster nation, last week, by the reception of intelligence! from Albany, that the New York & Erie Rail Road,, after having weathered so many storms, and finally,, as was supposed, having reached a safe anchor ground, was suddenly placed in peril and threatened! with a total shipwreck. A Meeting of our citizens was called on Friday evening at the Court House,, to take into consideration this new and unexpected! condition of affairs ; which, between 9 and 10 o’clock,, was adjourned to Saturday evening. Both assem blages were characterized by great spirit and feeling,, and lhat on Saturday evening, especially, was vcrj* fully attended. The proceedings will be found in our columns, to which we beg leave to direct the atten tion of our readers. The Legislature al its last session-, it will be recol lected, appointed Commissioners to examine and de. cide- on the route this road should take, at two points, one in and near Sullivan Couniy, and the other ini and near the County of Broome. In both cases they decided in favor of the southern or river routes, which at these two points, for a short distance, take the road across the neighboring line, into the State of Pennsylvania. On the faith of this decision the Company have let the.entire work from Binghamton east to the point where the road is already finished, and are actually prosecuting it to ils completion.— On these southern or Pennsylvania lines, the work is let, the contractors with a large number of hands, are vigorously at work ; and already on these por. tions ol the road alone, H a lf a Million of Dollars has been expended. In this position-of affairs it is that a reversal of the decision of the Commissioners is threatened by the intervention of tbe Legislature, and that the work shall be stopped. That a majority can be found in the Legislature of this State, who for any purposes, will consent to cast their votes to arroot tho work-on, th<j New York Sc, Erie Rail Road, in this crisis of its affairs, and thus indefinitely postpone ils completion, if it do not utterly destroy tho undertaking, we cannot for a moment believe. That the duty of the Commission ers was most honestly and faithfully performed, no one attempts lo deny. That, the river routes are best, belter than to go over the hills of Broome and Sulli van, is obvious to common sense, without the aid of the Commissioners’ elaborate report, arriving at the same conclusion. Good Rail Roads and poor Rail Roads arc very dif ferent things. A goood Road is safe, speedy and cheap— a poor Road is unsafe, slow arid dear. In building Rail Roads the things to be avoided, above all others, are hills and bends in the Road, or in oth^ cr words,-high grades, and curves. The teamster', with a heavily loaded wagon, in getting over a hilll, often has to unload a part at the foot and go twice, or procure additional horses. So with high grades on Rail Roads. Light loads must be taken, or extra em gincs kept to help the trains over them. Curves also are most scrioTTs obstructions, and dangerous. In getting over them, trains are obliged to slacken pace, and use great care to avoid running off the track ; and if frequent, they seriously interfere with the usefulness of a Road. These general remarks will indicate the differanco which actually exists, between the interior routes and the river routes, in Sullivan and Broome. Hills and curves are found on both routes, but more of them, and for a much greater distance, on the interi or routes. On the Susquehannah route, in this vicini ty, the hills are confined to a distance of between 15 and 16 miles; on the Nineveh route they extend to 35 1 2 miles. Tlie total rise and fall on the Susqe- hannah route, according to the Commissioners (but this has been much lessened since their survey,) is 935 feet; on the Nineveh route it is 2023 feet. The curves arc the greatest on the Nineveh route by about 2 12 whole circles. On the interior route iff’Sulli- van County, the hills extend for a distance of more than 61 miles : on the Delaware river route, where the Commissioners have located the Road, they are confined lo a distance of about 9 1-2 miles. The to tal rise and fall on the interior route is 2236 feet: on the river route it is 770 feel. The curves are tlie greatest on the interior route, by about 8 1.2 circles. From these facts, which are taken from the report of the Commissioners to the Legislature, it appears, that the Road where the Company are now building it. will be encumbered vvith hills, for a distance of 25 miles; while on the other routes it would be ob structed in like manner for a distance of 96 1 2 milc3, that j?n these 96 1-2 miles, there are 3554 feet the most of vp hill —and that in addition, trains of cars in traveling over these 96 1.2 miles, will be constant ly obstructed with curves, enough more than on the river routes, lo equal the passing of the train of cars around an entire-circle, eleven times. If tho New York &, Erie Rail Road is ever to re- numerate its stockholders—if it is to answer a valu able end to the regions through which it passes—if il is to furnish an avenue to mhrket for the great West, and become a thoroughfare for Nations, it most be located and constructed in such a manner that! it can successfully compete with all rivals now existing, or hereafter to exist. If it is unsafe, toilsome and expensive, the great West with ils freight and travel, will seek other channels. That the interior routes would be less safe, and more toilsome and expensive, cannot be denied ; and is conclusively shown by the Commissioners. In their report, they make the ex tra expense of transporting 200,000 tons over the Colesville and Sullivan hills $133,412; and we are assured by a competent authority, that the modifica tions recently made inthe river lines, will further increase this disparity in expense. Taking these modifications into the account, and by the same rule adopted by-the Commissioners, it appears, lhat on the transportation of every ton from Binghamton to New York, there would be a difference in favor of the river routes of $1,03. The Company estimate the business of the Road, aside from passengers, at 500,000 tons per annum ; which on all hands is con sidered a moderate calculation. Assuming this as the business of a year, and on the transportation of freight alone, by the adoption of the interior rouites, there would be an increased cost of mure than half a million of dollars per annum. This sum must mainly be paid by those doing business on the Road; and if the decision ofthe Commissioners be reversed, and the Road built on the interior* routes, will eon slitute a permanent tax upoffjlhe inhabitants, to be levied every day of the year, and every boar of the day when a train is in motion, nf $1,03 upon every ton transported between Binghamton and New York. That a large number of persons in Colesville, Bain- bridgc, Unadilla and Sullivan County arc deeply dis appointed by the decision of the Commissioners, we do mjt doubt; and that they have as good a right to desire a Rail Road for their accommodation as oth ers, we are not disposed, to deny; but there is such a thing as pushing a desirable point too far, even for ones own interest. Commissioners were appointed at the solicitation of the friends of the interior routes, and the decision has been against'them. - To have yielded to that decision would have been magnani- mous. To contend farther may endanger all. The Company declare that they will never build the road over those lines— that they will give up the entire work first. They have expended $500,000 on the river lines. To stop work there, and settle damages with contractors, would cost them at least $500,000 more. Who will ask them to sacrifice these large amounts—and in addition to locate their Road in such a manner as to cut off all reasonable prospect of immediate or prospective remunerating revenues ? Will the Legislature of this State ? We think not. The active agents at work in Albany, in the. en deavor lo procure a reversal of the decision of the Commissioners, we understand, arc Ausburn Birdsall of this village, Sherman Page and others, from Oise, go, together wiih gentlemen from Sullivan. To ac complish their purpose, we learn, they rely on fan ning into a flame the old embers of hostility to this Road, connected with the Erie Canal enlargement^ and the rival Rail Road from Albany to Buffalo.— But, we trust, the Representatives from those rich and favored portions of the State, will not suffer themselves thus lo be played with. They can well afford to be generous—they owe it to themselves to be manly. The New York & Erie Rail Road Com pany and the friends of that project, ask nothing now but to le let alone. After a long period of reverses, and apparent ruin, their great work has sprung to life again, like the Phenix from the ashes of his sire, with strength and pinion sufficient, if left unembar rassed, to fulfill its legitimate destiny. Can not all wish it God speed ? The Wilmot Proviso, We had opportunity barely lo announce, last week, the passage of the Wilmot proviso against the far ther extension of slavery, in the House of Repre sentatives atfeWashington, by a vote of 115 to 105. The yeas and nays on this important question ana lyzed politically and by States will be found below. We have’great pleasure in recording the fact that all the Members of Congress from this State, with the exception of one, voted in favor of the proviso: and are deeply pained to add that that one, who has thus disregarded ~the wishes of his constituents, set at naught the instructions of his State,and placed himself with the South on this momentous question, is the Member from this District,the H on .S t e p h e n S trong . W hat apology Mr. Strong can render to the peo- pic of Tioga, Broome and Chenango, for this outrage upon them, we are at a loss to determine. We hear he made a speech on the subject, and confess that we are anxious to see it. It is the democratic doc ir!nc il.nt (ho Representative is bound to carry out the will of his constituents and obey instructions, or resign. This is the point that we are desirous to hear Mr. Strong’s opinion on. His confession, if, he has made such an one, that, for the sake of helping on a miserable political intrigue between Cass, Dick inson and the slave mongers of the South, he has consented to disregard the interests of. his State, be tray his constituents, and thus cover himself with political infamy, we have no curiosity to read. The Albany Argus, the Utica Observer, and some other traitors tothe democratic ranks, laud Mr. Strong for this act: and no doubt the Binghamton Democrat will follow humbly in their wake. But the judgment of the people will be laid on him with a heavy hand. The Wilmot proviso is now undergoing a discussion in the Senate. Its fate in that body is doubtful.— The correspondent of the New York Herald trusts that “ Mr. Dickinson, at least, will vote against it.” We do not believe it. However much Mr. D. may desire the defeat of the proviso, he will hardly be willing to disobey the instructions of his Slate, and place himself in the unenviable category with Judge Strong. He may labor night and day to defeat it, but when it comes to the scratch, he will vote for it. Such is the spirit in which many a Representative carries out the wishes of his constituents, YEAS .—(For the Proviso .) M aine —R. P. Dunlop, H. Hamlin, J. D. McCrate, C. Sawtelie, J. F. Scamman, Luther Severance, H. Williams —7. N e w H a m p s h i r e — James H . Johnson, Mace Moulton, Moses Norris—3. ' M a s s a c h u s e t t s —John Q. Adams, Amos Abbott, Geo. Ashmun, Joseph Grinnell, Artemas Hale, Charles Hudson, Daniel P. King, Julius Rockwell, Benj. Thompson, Rob ert C. Wintkrop —10. RnoDe I s l a n d . —Lemuel H. Arnold, H. Y. Cranston —2. Connecticut —James Dixon, S. D. Hubbard, John A. Rockwell, Truman Smith —4. Vermont— Jacob Collamer, Paul Dillingham jr., Solo mon Foot, George P. Marsh—A. New York—J. H. Anderson, Chas. S. Benton, Wm. W. Campbell, Chas. H. Carroll. John F. Collins, E. D. Culver, John De Mott, Samuel S. Ellsworth, Chas. Good- year, Samuel Gordon, Martin Grover, JE. B. Holmes, Wm. J. Hough, Orville Hungerford, Washington Hunt, Timo thy Jenkins, Preston King, John W. Lawrence, Abner Lewis, William B. Maclay, Wm. S. Miller, William A. Moseley , Archibald C. Nevin, George Rathbun, Thomas C. Ripley, Joseph Russell, H. I. Seaman, A. Smith, H. Wheaton, Hugh White, Bradford R. Wood, Thos. M. Woodruff, Wm. W. Woodworth—33. New J e rsey —J. E. Edsall, J. G. Hampton, John Runk, George Sykes, William Wright- —5. Pennsylvania. —John Blanchard, Joseph Buffington, John II. Campbell, C. Darrogh, J. II. Ewing, Wm. S. Garvin, Joseph R. Ingersoll, L.C. Levin, Ah. R. Mcll- vaine, James Pollock, Alexander Ramsey, John Ritter, And. Stewart, John Slrohm, David Wilmot, Jacob S. Yost,—16 D e la w a re.— John W. Houston. —1. O h i o .— -Jacob Brinckerlioff, J. D. Cummins, C. Delano, James J. Faran, George Fries, Joshua R. Giddings, Alex. Harper, Jo. J. McDowell, Aug. L. Perrill, Jos. M. Root, R. C. Schenck, D. A. Starkweather, Allen G. Thurman, Dan. R. Tilden, Joseph Vance, Sam. F. Vinton—16. Indiana.—Charles W. Catlicart, Thomas J. Henley, Andrew Kennedy, Ewd. IV. McGaughy, John Pettet, Thomas Smith, Caleb B. Smilh, —7. Illinois.— John Henry, Joseph P. Hoge, John Went worth.—3. M ichigan .—James B. Hunt, Robert McClelland—2 Total 115—(114 from Free; 1,-Houston, of Del. from a Slave State.) NAYS. —(Against the Proviso.) New-York.—STEPHEN STRONG—1. Pennsylvania.—James Black,“Richard Brodhead, Ja cob Erdman, Henry D. Foster, Charles J. Ingersoll, Moses McLean—6. O hio —Fr. A Cunningam, Joseph Morris, Isaac Par ish, Wm. Sawyer, Henry St. John-—5. I ndiana —Robert Dale- Owen. William. W. Wick—2 I llinois —Stephen A. Douglass, Orlando B. Ficklin, John A. McClemland—3. M ichigan —John S. Chipman—1. M aryland —John G. Cha-pman, Tomas W. Ligon, Ed ward Long, Thomas Perry—4 • Virginia—Archibald Atkinson, Thomas II. Bayly, Henry Bedinger, William G. Brown, Augustus A. Chap man, George C. Dromyoole. George W. Hopkin^ Edmund W. Hubard, Robert M. T. Hunter, Joseph Johnson, Shel ton F. Leake, James McDowell, John S. Pendleton , Jas. A. Seddon, William M. Treadway—15. N o rth Carolina— Dan. M. Baringer, Asa Briggs, Henry S. Clarke, John R. J. Daniel, Jas. C. Dobbin, Al fred Dockery. James Graham, James J. McKay, David S. Reid—9. South Carolina — James A. Black, Armisted Burt, Isaac E. Holems, R. Barnwell Rhett, Alex. D. Sims, Rich. F. Simpson, Joseph A. Woodward—7. G e o r g i a —Howell Cobb, Hugh A. Haralson, Seaborn Jones, Thomas Butler King, John H. Lumpkin, Alex. H. Stephens, Robert Toombs, Geo. W. Towns—3. A l a b a m a —Fr. W. Bowden, Reuben Chapman, J. L. F. Cottrell, Edm. S. Dargan, Henry TV. Hilliard. Geo. S. Houston, Wm. W. Payne—7. M is s i s s i p p i —Stephen Adams, Henry T. Ellett, Rob. W. Roberts. Jacob Thompson—4 F l o r i d a —William H. Brockenbrough—1 L o u i s i a n a —John H. Harmanson, Emile La Sere, Isaac E. Morse, Bannon G. Thibodeaux. —4 K e n t u c k y . — Joshua F. Bell, Linn Boyd, Garrett Davis, Henry Grider, John P. Martin, JohnH. McHenry, Wm. P. Thomasson, JohnW. Thibbatts, Andrew Trumbo,Bryan R Young —10. T e n n e s s e e — Milton Brown, Lucien B. Chase, Win. M. Cocke, John iff. Crazier,, Alvan Cullom, Edwin H. Ew ing, Meredith P. Gentry, Andrew Johnson, Geo. W. Jones, Barclay Martin, Fred. P. Stanton—11. M is s o u r i — James B. Bowlin, Wm. M. McDaniel, John S. Phelps, James H. Relfe, Leonard H. Sims—5. A r k a n s a s —Thomas W. Newton —1. T e x a s —David S. Kaufman, Timo Pillsbury—2. Total 106. 18 from Free, 88 from Slave States. Absent, or did not vote. P e n n s y l v a n i a —O. D. Leib, James Thompson—2. M a r y l a n d .— A. Constable, Wm. F. Giles—2. I o w a —S. C. Hastings, S. Leffler—2. I n d i a n a — John W. Davis, (Speaker)—1. I llinois —Robert Smith—1. Total 8. Of the Ayes 61 are democrats, 48 Whigs, and 6 Natives. Of the Nays, 24 are Whi\ and of the remainder 18 are democrats from the Free States, and the remainder from the South. We have received for publication, and from a source entirely responsible, the’following article on the interior and river routed of the N. Y. & E. Railroad. The con clusions arrived at, are based on actual surveys, and on tbe improved grading of the river routes, as finally adopt ed by the Company, and as those lines are now being constructed. We commend it to our readers. For the Binghamton Courier New York and Erie Railroad. Mr. E d i t o r : The report of the Commissioners, ap pointed by the act of 11th May 1846, in relation to the New York and Erie Railroad, is before me ; and to prevent any erroneous impression which the minority report is calculated to produce, on the minds of those of your readers, whose opportunity for collecting and comparing the facts of the case will be confined to the Report itself, I beg leave to trouble you with a few remarks, confining them at present to the facts, upon which .the decision of the Commissioners is based. The Commissioners were required, by the law un der which they acted, to cause surveys to be made, the results of which, were alone to be taken, in for- niing their conclusions as lo the practicability7 & c .,of the rival routes. Engineers were appointed, by the Commissioners, to make the survevs and estimates of cost. The following are the general results arrived at, by these surveys, between this and Deposite, on the Delaware : (See pages 8 and 65, of majority report.) Susquehanna] Nineveh or or river routejmteri’rroute Maximum grade going East, “ “ “ West, Number of Summits, Length of line on which max imum grade rules, Total ascent, going East, “ West, Total rise and fall, Minimum radius of curve, Total curvature, in degrees, Length of Line, Estimated cost, with Super structure,'on extra length, 68 ft. pr mile 67 ft. pr mile 15 66-100 ms 540 feet. 395 “ 935 “ 1000 “ . 2371 degrees 39 29-lOOm’s $746,900 00 j$628,600 65 ft. prmile 74 ft. pr mile 2 356-10miles 1087 feet. 936 “ 2023 “ 1056 \ 3253 degrees 43 53-100 ms 00 Subsequent surveys, by the Engineers o fthe Rail road Company, have reduced the maximum grade on the Southern or river route, to sixty feet per mile, instead of 68 ; the length of line upon which maxi mum grade rules, to 14 7-10 miles; the minimum radius of curve, increased from 1000 ft. to 1146 ft. ra dius ; so that every item in this summary would now stand largely in favor of the River route, and this di minution in tbe grades will be attended- with a large diminution in the cost; whereas, on the interior route, the nature of the Country is such as to pre- elude the possibility of such reduction of grades, save at an enormous increase of c o st; and I hazard noth ing in saying, that the improvements on the River route, will show that the Road can be built even cheaper than by the interior route. Let us apply this improvement in the grades, to the estimate of the majority, using their method of application, (which cannot be very erroneous, with the names of J ervis and A llen as sponsors.) In making up the trains, the Commissioners as- sume that a grade of 20 feet per mile, going East from Hornelsville, will be necessary, whereas, there will be no grade over 5 feet per mile, (the net load of which is 307 tons) between that place and Lanes- boro ; this is shown by the late surveys of the Engi neers of the Company. EXPENSE OF EXTRA POWER. NINEVEH, OR NORTHERN ROUTE. In the following estimate, it will be observed that the Commissioners’ estimates are taken, with the sim ple change produced by the improvement of the grades. The extra power to carry a train due an ascending grade of 5 feet per mile, up a a grade of 65 feel per mile, (the ruling grade on the interior, or Nineveh route,) is 2 9.10. We have, then, (see page 20,) 40M 2f*J 2 .9^ 1.5 = 348 cents per mile, run with a load of 307 tons, (the net freight on a 5 feet grade,) or 1.1 cents per ton per mile. The extra expense will be per ton as follows : On 35.6 mile, (length that heavy grade rules,) at the rate as above, 1.1 cts, - 0.39.16 On 4.29 miles extra length of line, (see page 20 of Majority Report,) r - - - ' 0.5.72 Per ton of Freight, per mile, . . . - 0.44.88 SUSaUEHANNAH, OR RIVER LINE. The extra power to carry a train due an ascend ing grade of 5 feet per mile, up a grade of 60 feet per mile, (ruling grade on this route) is 2.6. Then 40>d 2i*! 2.6[>< 1.5 = 312 cents per mile, run with a load of 307 tons, or 1.01 cents per ton per mile. The length on which ruling grade prevails is 14.7 miles, at 1.01 per mile = 0.14 84. C O M P A R ISO N O F T H E T W O R O U T E S . Nineveh Route, per ton, per mile, - - 0.44.88 Susquehannah Route, 0.14.84 Difference in favor of Susquehannah route, 0.30.04 or, 30 per cent greater difference in favor of the river route, than is made to appear in the Commissioner’s Report, and this, let it be borne in mind, is precisely the result to which they would have arrived, had their estimate been based upon the grades which are now being constructed. The above, added lo the difference in favor of the Delaware river route, makes the cost per Ion per mile 0.71.71. But improvements have also been made on this lat ter line, but to what extent precisely, we are unable to state. On p a g e 23, ( m a j o r i t y r e p o r t , ) the t r a d e is a s s u m e d a t 200,000 t o n s m o v i n g e a s t w a r d , which, a t 64.24 per ton, amounts to $128,480 in favor of the River lines. This becomes, by the more favorable grade, 200,000X 71.71, or $142,420 per annum in favor of the River lines. On page 25, it will be seen that the total amount of excess chargeable to the interior route is, “ On Freight, $128,480 00 . “ On items, &c., assumed at 50 “ per cent of the above, - - 64,240 00 ---------- $192,720 00 “ From this must be deducted the interest of the “ extra cost of constructing and maintaining the “ River lines and the annual tax to the State of “ Pennsylvania, which shows thus : “ Extra cost of River line, - $519,821 00 “ Interest until completed, 51,982 00 $571,803 00 “ a n n u a l c h a r g e s a s f o l l o w s : “ Interest on $571,803 at 6 pr ct. $34,308 00 “ Annual repairs, . . . - 15,000 00 “ Bonus to Pennsylvania, - - 10,000 00 -------------- -$59,308 00 “ s u m m a r y o f e x c e s s . “ On the Interior routes, - - $192,645 00 “ On the River routes, - - - 59,308 00 -$133,412 00 “ Showing that the annual expense on the interior “ routes will be $133,412 greater than on the River “ routes.” By substituting in this estimate the differences, as, determined above by the more favorable grade, wc have. On Freights, - $142,420 00- On items, &c., at 50 per ct. - - 71,210 00 $213,630 00 ANNUAL CHARGES. Yearly bonus to Pennsylvania, - 10,000 00 $203,630 00 or it will cost $1 03 per ton less, to send freight from Binghamton to New York by the River routes, lhan by the Interior routes. This, upon the supposition that the cost of constructing the two routes, would be the same. The above is compiled from the estimates of tbe majority of the Commissioners, and using their meth ods of computation, and exhibits the r e s u l t s w h i c h they would have arrived at, had their calculations been based upon the improved grades and lines since established between this and Deposit. The only conjectural item introduced, is the redaction of the excess of cost of tbe river lines over the interior lines, from $500,000 to the bare bonus to the Stale of Pennsylvania, of $10,000. My data for this reduction if, 1st, The fact of im provement* in tho location of the Roed between thie and Deposit, amounting, in first cost, to over $100- 000; and 2d, The Statement of the Engineers en gaged on the Delaware, of the fact, that the new line on that river will be three or four hundred thou sand dollars cheaper than thelinesof the Commission er’s Engineer. These differences are not merely guess es, but the quantities of material have been estimated on each line, (a matter of measurement entirely,) and their value computed, by carrying them out #t con tract prices, for each and every route. W. Irish Relief Meeting. In the crowded state of our columns, we are obliged to omit the proceedings of the adjourned mee ting of Thursday evening, for the relief of the suffer ing in Ireland. The resolutions reported by Dr. Burr and adopted by the meeting, are a kind express ion of our sympathy for our afflicted fellow creatures, and of our desire to relieve them. The funds collec-' ted by the meeting, it was determined to send to Messrs. Mahlon Day and David Sands in New-York, who are acting in concert with the quakers of Ire. land in administering relief, to be by them invested in provisions m this country,lit their discretion. The funds of the meeting amounted to about $250. The entire sum collected in this Village and vicinity, is is about $700. 16 Days Later from Europe. The Cambria arrived at Boston at 4 o’clock on Saturday, with 16 days late advices from Europe, Bread stuffs and cotton were on the decline. The famine in Ireland is unabated. The decline in flour is over 4 shillings sterling per quarter, and in corn, Q 3 .. Cotton had declined l-8d per pound. The Bank of England had raised its rate of interest. Large sums are being raised by subscriptions and otherwise for the relief of Ireland. There was also much suffering in Scotland. From France there are accounts of more distur bances, growing out of the scarcity of provisions. Accounts from Prussia are almost as distressing as those from Ireland. A loan of four millions sterling, ($20,000,000,) had been negotiated for the United States, by a well known firm in Liverpool. Railroad Meeting. On Friday evening, (Feb. 19, 1847,) a meeting of the citizens of Binghamton and its vicinity, was held at the Court House, pursuant to public notice, to take into consideration the attempt at Albany lo reverse the decision of the Commissioners in locating the N. Y . and Erie Railroad between Binghamton and the Shawangunk Ridge. « The meeting was organized by the appointment of J O H N C L A P P , E s q ., P resident ; Messrs. J. R. Olt- ton and Lewis St. John, Vice-Presidents, and T. R. Morgan , Secretary. After full discussion, by several gentlemen in a t tendance, of the matters embraced in the objects of the meeting, a committee was appointed to draft res olutions to be presented at an adjourned meeting.— The^PjpAleraen named as that Committee, were N. S. Davis, T. G. Waterman, W. M. Patterson, J . R. Orton and G. E . Isbell, Esqrs. The meeting was then adjourned until Saturday evening, (the 20th Feb ) at half past six o’clock, to be held at the Court House'aforesaid. At the lime any place above named and appointed, the meeting was again convened and numerously at tended. The Committee appointed to draft’resolulions, re ported the following preamble and resolutions, which were unanimously adopted. “ Whereas the long contested question respecting the location of the N. Y . and Erie Railroad, between Binghamton and lhe Shawangunk Ridge, was settled b y a d e c i s i o n of a m a j o r i t y of the Commissioners ap pointed by law, in favor of what is called “ the south- cm route”— And, in pursuance of lhat decision, the board of Directors of the railroad company have put the line under contract as far west as Binghamton— And, the contractors on a large portion of that line have entered on the vigorous prosecution of their work— And, whereas tlie work now under contract cannot be suspended without producing great pecu niary sacrifices, and in numerous instances, absolute distress, not only among the contractors, but also the mechanics and common laborers now engaged upon the line.— Resolved — Therefore, as the sense of this meeting, that we feel bound to express our gratitude to the present stockholders, for their zeal and liberality, in reviving the N. Y . and Erie Railroad Co., from a state of bankruptcy, and for their promptness in fur nishing the means of prosecuting the work. Resolved — T hat we commend in the most unqual ified terms, the Board of Directors of the Company, for their fidelity and patient perseverence in the discharge of their high duties, under the vexatious delays and embarrassments which privato and local interests have caused ; and for the efficient zeal which they have exhibited in prosecuting the work, since the decision or the commissioners was certified to them. Resolved —That we find no reasonable apology in behalf of citizens on what is called “ the interior route,” for continuing the controversy about the lo cation of the railroad, after the board of Commission era appointed by the Legislature, al their instance, have fairly and solemnly decided the question. Resolved —That it is our settled conviction and be lief, that if the Legislature should, in the existing state of things, reverse the decision of the Commis sioners, all future contributions by the stockholders would be at once withheld, and this great cntcrprize, in which our interest and hopes are so deeply involv ed, become suspended for many years to come—apd perhaps forever. ' Resolved— As the sense of this meeting — lhat, any citizen of this village who from private interest or political impulse shall, in this alarming crisis, lend his efforts to produce a suspension of work on the railroad, opposes the best interests ot the village and the country at large ; and will deserve and re- _ ceive our most marked and unqualified reprehension. Resolved — T hat we should regard an act of the Legislature reversing the decision of the majority of the Commissioners as a sacrifice of the highest hopes and interests of more than half a million of the citi zens of this Slate—to favor comparatively few in numbers— and all this, when those comparatively few can indulge no rational hope of attaining their avowed object in view ; for the Legislature may re. strain the company from prosecuting their work, on the line under contract, but they cannot compel stock holders to expend their money on any other route. Resolved —That we most earnestly and solemnly protest against all attempts to arrest the great enter, prize in which the Directors are now so efficiently engaged; and we particularly request, our members of Assembly and the Senators of the sixth District, to use their best efforts to prevent the passage of any resolution or law, which may tend to embarrass or interrupt the Railroad Company in the progress of their work. Resolved —That the proceedings of this meeting be signed by all its officers ; and a. copy thereof be forwarded to Hon. S . H. P. H a l l , Senator from this District, and Hon. 'O. G. C r o c k e r , Member of As sembly from this County'; to be by them presented to the Legislature of this State, as our memorial. . Resolved — T h at tbe proceeding* of tbis meeting be published in the Binghamton Courier, theSroome Republican, and Iris, of this village; and in the Atlas, the Journal, and the Argos, at Albany. JOHN CLAPP, President, ^ P r e M n U . T. R. Morgan, Secretary. For the Courier. £ 3 * The claim of one or two of oor eitizens that for their advantage, the interest of alt tbe rest must be sacrificed, and the usefulness of the New York & Erie Rail Road greatly diminished, is certainly a very modest pne. Rather than this should be, we advise our'corporatiou to guaranty the “ Milwaukie Mortgages,” and pay the incumbrances on “ Pond Brook.” $70,000 are as nothing in comparison with the publie benefits, which would accrue. Would Messrs. Dickinson & Birdsall compromise in this way ? - Q, IFF The third ’Number of the “ Causes of ihe Di' vision^ ’ &c., is received, and will be inserted next week. ' Highly important from Mexico. S a n t a A n n a s t i l l a t S a n P o t o s i . THE CLERG Y REFUSE TO GIVE UP TH E IR PROPERTY—REPORTED RESIGNATION OF THE M E X ICAN CABINET—CONDITION OF THE GARRISON A T VERA CRUZ, $c., $c., W a s h i n g t o n , Feb. 18— 9 P. M . Papers from H a v a n a to the 6th inst. have been received by an arrival at Charleston. T h e y furnish later intelligence from Mexico, brought lo H a v a n a by the British mail steamer, which left V e r a C r u z early this month. Santa A n n a was still at San Luis, with 22,- 000 men. T h e c lergy had refused lo contribute the e ight million of dollars which government had at tempted to raise upon church property. T h e clergy were much excited against Santa Anna, and were endeavoring to get up a pronun- ciamento against the whole Cabinet and. Santa Anna. It was reporied the Cabinet had resign ed. G reat jealousies exist between the differ- ent Mexican Generals, and much confusion and disorganization in the government and in the country. T h e Vera C r u z garrison consisted of three thousand troops, who were much dispirited, daily expecting an attack from the Americans. It is said that on the 2d of February there were only 1000 men in the Castle, badly s u p plied with provisions, and the best informed thought that all. the resistance which they could’ offer would be comparatively feeble. Many vessels laden with valuable cargoes had run the blockade, and entered different ports of Mexico. - A large French ship, with a valuable cargo, was captured, after being once warned off L a t e r . —Advices received at Washington on Sat- urday, from Mexico, stale that the Catnpeachy in surgents bad penetrated to the city of Merida and summoned it lo surrender. An action had taken place between the insurgents and government troops in the interior, * From the Buffalo Com. Advertiser of the 18th inst. A la r m in g R ailroad A c c i d e n t .—A n ac cident of* a most alarm ing character occurred yesterday about 11 A. M.. to the downward train of cars on the Tonaw a n d a Railroad, about one mile from Bergen. T h e Engineer, it appears, discovered that the axletree of ihe tender was broken, and immtdi- ately endeavored to arrest the engine. T b e train consisted oj a baggage car, one passenger car, nearly filled vvith passengers and F O U R T E E N H E A V Y F H E I G H T C A R S L O A D E D W I T H W H E A T IN B U L K . T h e immense weight and impetus of the freight cars, the train being at its greatest speed, rendered un availing all efforts to slop the train ; and the pas senger car together w ith eight of the freight cars was thrown off the track and precipated some 15 feet down the embankment. T h e passeDger train fell nearly vvith its hot- tom up, and the freight cars burst through the bottom, breaking the passenger seats and ciush- ing every thing in their way. W e rejoice to be able to say that no life was lost, nor was any dangerously injured— a re>. suit which seems little short of miraculous — Several were slightly hurt, and none .wholly escaped from bruises Besides the passenger car, five or six of the freight cars were destroyed. T h e loss and dam age a re large. It is said that in the Virginia regiment of volun teers, there is a cotnpany from Staunton having 20 men each over six leet high I An obliging offer. —(A chemist shop.—Shopman and an old lady.) Old Lady .—Now you are sure this is carbonate of soda—not arsenic 7 Shopman. —Quite certain, ma’am ; fry it. Mildness of the Season. —The wooden leg of a Greenwi.rli pensioner is found to be covered with acorns. lit-T O TH O S E W H O S E O C C UPA T IO NS TEN D TO PRODUCE OR AGGRAVATE DIS EASE.—This class of individuals is very numer ous. They are those who work in an unhealthy atm o s p h e re. P r i n t e r s , w o rkm e n in feather stores, stone cutters, bakers, white lead manufacturers, are all more or less subject to disease according to the strength of constitution. The only method Lo pre vent disease, is the occasional use of a medicine which abstracts from the circulation all deleterious humors, and expels them by the bowels. Tonics in any form are injurious, as they only put off the evil day to make it mpre fatal. The use of Brandreth’s Pills will insure health, because they take all im pure matters out of the blood, and the body is not Weakened but strengthened by their operation, for these valuable Pills do not force, but they assist na- tu.e, and are not opposed, but harmonize with her. The following are duly appointed agents for the sale ot the Brandreth Pills in Broome county, each one having a new certificate of agency from Dr: Brandreth :— J. R. Orton, Binghamton ; Whitmore & Dusenbury, Windsor; Canfield & Steele, Union; William Lincoln, A/aine ; ^Holmes &• Welch, Upper Lisle; JVleloy &. Keeler, Chenango Forks. II S P E C I A L N O T I C E ! The extraordinary GRAEFENBERG PILLS, which are achieving unparalled triumphs in various sections of this country, are now introduced in this vicinity. Let every sick person read the advertise ment of the Graefenberg Pills. |l 3 =’ The attention of the reader is directed lo an Advertisement in another cotumn, of Fontaine’s Cel ebrated Remedy for C onsumption . I p f T*o whom it may concern. AU persons being af flicted vvith Consumption, or Coughs, or any impure dis ease q f the blood, would find it to their interest to read the advertisement in another column of this paper, headed, CONSUMPTION. Jgp” SALE OF SLIPS.—The Slips at the Baptist Church will be sold for one year, to take effect, on the 1st of A|>ril, on Monday, the first day o f March, at 10 o’clock In this town, on the 16th inst. by the Rev. King Elwell, Mr. C h a r l e s G a y l o r d , to Miss P o l l y L u l l , both of Barker. . . a In lhe town of Nanticoke, on the 13th mst., by itev. A , Brooks, Mr. F r a n k l i n B e a c h to Miss M a r y B u r g h a k t , daughter of Philip Councilman. A t the residence of her son-in-law, Dr. George Burr, in this village, on the 23Ainst., Mrs. E u n i c e S w i f t , rel ict of the late Mr. Daniel Swift, of Franklin, Delaware County, N- Y., aged 69 years. The friends of the deceased, and also the friends and acquaintances of Dr. Burr and family are respectfully in vited to attend a religious service at his residence, on Thursday, at 4 o’clock P. M. The deceased will be ta ken J o Delaware County for interment. In Maine village, (Union,) on the 18th inst., M a r y C h u r c h , youngest daughter of Mr. David Hathaway, aged two years and six months. In Nanticoke, on the 16th inst., Capt. J o h n W i l k i n s o n , a soldier of the Revolution, aged 86 years. In Vestal,ion the 18th in s t, Mr. B e n j a m i n I n g r a h a m , aged 26 years,
