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r ag tm or t a k e n by t h e IJnited States, gay it dors matter.. [C h e e r s . } It. cannot be a m a t t e r , o f i n d if f e r e n c e that a la r g e territory,- to w h i c h w e h a v e a better an d a jusler title, s h o u l d b e yielded to w h a t I m u s t ca l l a bluster t o g a n n o u n c e m e n t on the part of the P r e s ident o f t h e U n i t e d States. It cannot be matter of-indiffer. e n c e that t h e c o m m u n i c a t i o n betw e e n that^coun try w e s t of t h e R o c k y ■ m o u n t a i n s and L h i u a , the E a s t Indies, and the w h o l e ot South A m e r i ca, should be surrendered at o n c e to a foreign p o w e r ; but, a b o v e nil, it cannot, be a matter of indifference that the tone o f the character of E n g l a n d should be low e r e d in a n y transaction w e m a y have to carry on w it h the U n i t e d States.” _ , Sir R o b e r t P e e l said: “ A s this subject has been brought under discussion. I trust not im p r o p e r l y b y t h e noble Lord, I feel,it m y im p e r a t ive- duty on the part of t h e B r i i i s h govern m e n t , to State in la n g u a g e the m o s t t e m p e r a t e , b u t , a t th e sa m e lim e , t h s m o s t d e c i d e d , t h a t w e c o n s i d e r w e h a v e righ t s r e s p e c t i n g the territory of O r e g o n , w h i c h a r e clear and irresistible. W e trust sti'.i to arrive al an am i c a b l e adjustment o f o u r c l a i m ; b u t h a v i n g exhausted every effort for t h e settle m e n t , if our rights shall be invaded, w e are re solved and w e are p r e p a r e d to m a i n t a i n th e m . ” [ L o u d a n d c o n t i n u e d c h e e r s fro m b o t h s i d e s ol tb e House.]-* L o r d C l a r e n d o n said in the H o u s e o f L o r d s : “ N o assertion w a s I believe, ever m a d e with m o r e truth than that our case is free from a l l doubt.” L o r d A b e r d e e n , the F o r e i g n Secre[pi^r of State said : “S h o u l d it be o t h e r w i s e , I ca n - o n l y - s a y that w e possess rights, w h i c h in uui opinion a r e clea r arid unquestionable; and by the b l e s s in g - o f G o d , and with yo u r support, t h o s e rights w e are fully prepared to m a intain.” [L o u d c h e e r s from all sid e s ] U n d e r t h e s e i m p o s i n g circum s t a n c e s , m e m a y w e l l a s k o f t h e w a i c h m a n , w h a t of t h e n i g h t ? - - - W e m a y w e l l inquire, w h a t w e o u g h t to d o ? 1 tak e it for granted w e sh a l l g i v e the notice rec om m e n d e d by the P r e s i d e n t ; for if w e do not w e sh a l l leave the p e o p l e of O r e g o n 'w it h o u t a governm e n t , or with an im p r a c t i c a b l e o n e ; and, jn either event, the country is lost to us, and the n o t i c e b e i n g g i v e n , in t w e l v e m o n t h s , w it h o u t an abandonm e n t o f a la r g e portion oi her claim , w e sh a l l find o u r s e l v e s involved in a w a r with E n g l a n d . A n d it w i l l be no c o m m o n w a r , M r P r e s i d e n t ; it w i l l be a w a r not m e r e l y o f inter est, but o f s t r o n g and storm y pnssions, g r o w i n g ou t o f t h e relative situation of t h e tw o nations, and out o f t h e v e r y points o f r e s e m b l a n c e . w h i c h w i l l but render the separation of t h e parties the w i d e r , and the str u g g l e the lo n g e r and the bit terer. It w i l l do no good to sh u t ou r e y e s to the prospect before us. D a n g e r can neither be averted not avoided by indifference, nor by pre su m p t i o n . L e t us lo o k our difficulties and our duties f u l l y in t h e face. L e t us m a k e prepara tion adequate to the conjuncture. L e t us e x h i b it to E n g l a n d and to E u r o p e the s p e c t a c l e s o f a n u n d i v i d e d people, a n x i o u s for peace, but ready for w a r . In the la n g u a g e of M r . Madison, “ lei u s p u t t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s in t o a n . a r m o r , ancl a n attitude dem a n d e d by the crisis, and corresp o n d in g w iih the national spirit and expectation.” O n e w a r has a l r e a d y found us unprepared — A n d w h a t that c o n d ition of t h i n g s cost in blood and treasure, and disaster, those of us who went through the struggle can well remember, and th o s e w h o ha v e c o m e upon the sta g e o f a c t i o n sin c e that period, m a y learn from- the history ot th e tim e s . A n d perhaps to a certain extent this m u s t be so, and a l w a y s w i l l be so. W e a r e all opposed to great m i l i t a r y establishm e n t s in t im e o f peace, They are as dangerous as they are exp e n s i v e . And, th e y w i l l therefore n e v e r be engrafted in t o the p e r m a n e n t in s t i t u t i o n s of the co u n t r y . B u t w h e n w a r threatens, w e should commence- our preparations, and press them w i t h an e n e r g y and a prom p t it u d e co m m e n s u r ate w it h t h e d a n g e r . T h e P r e s i d e n t has d i s c h a r g e d his d u t y ably, patriotically, fearlessly. L e t us n o w d i s c h a r g e ours — not by w o r d s m e r e l y , but by deeds. T h e best s u p p o r t w e can g i v e him is to respond to his declarations by our actions. It is m v firm c o n viction, and I do not hesitate thus publicly to a- vow it, that t h e best, if not the o n l y h o p e that w e ha v e o f a v o i d i n g a w a r w i i h E n g l a n d is by ex h i b i t i n g a public and united determ ination lo prosecute it, should it c o m e , w i t h all th e en e r g i e s lhat G o d has g i v e n us. and by an instant and serious consideration of the preparations ne c e s s a r y for su c h offensive and d e f e n s i v e m e a s u r e s a s m a y be required, and as prom p t an adop tion of th e m as a ju s t re g a r d to circu m s tan c e s may demand. Our country is extensive. In m a n ; / p o r t i o n s o f it th e p o p u l a t i o n is s p a r s e . — T h e frontier, both A t l a n t i c and inland, i s l o n g and exposed. O u r d e f e n s i v e w o r k s are unfinished, and s o m e o f t h e m are unfurnished. I do not k n o w , but I fear that m a n y im p o r t a n t branches o f s u p p l y are inadequate. O u r navy, and esp e c i a l l y t h e s t e a m portion o f it, is uot upon a srale com m e n s u r a t e w i t h our w a n t s , i f w a r is alm o s t upon us. T h a t n a v y fought’ itself into favor, and its country in to honor, i a the s e e m i n g l y unequal and alm o s t desperate s t r u g g l e into w h i c h it s o gallan t l y w e n t in the last w a r . A n d another conies' w o u l d find it e q u a l l y true io its duty, and to i b e public expectations. I trust the t u n e w i l l never a g a i n com e , w h e n it w i l l be a question in a g r e a t ctisis, w h e t h e r the navy shall be d i s m a n . lied and rot in our .docks, or w h e t h e r it sh a l l be sen t out to ga t h e r another harvest of g l o r y upon th e ocean. It is the materiel for m i l i t a r y and n a v a l operations, it is first necessary to procure. M e n w e h a v e ready ; and such is the patriotism in h e r e n t in the A m e r i c a n character, tha' they n e v e r w i l l be found w a r n ing in the hour of diffi c u l t y and o f danger. O u r m ilitia requires a n e w and an efficient organization. Ii is a re proach to us that w e hav e suffered this im p o r tant branch of national defence to becom e so ineffi cient. It has a l m o s t disappeared from the pub- , lie v i e w . B o t h the la w s upon this subject and theadm i n i s t r a t i o n of t h e m require i m m e d i a t e and sev e r e exam ination. F o r this is o n e o f the great b u l w a r k s o f t h e country in the hour o f danger. I t has sh o w n its patriotism and valor upon m a n y a b l o o d y field, and \the future, if it s h o u ld need its s e r v i c e s , w i i l w i t n e s s its devotion to t h e country, w h e n e v e r and w h a t e v e r , and h o w e v e r it m a y be trieJ. M a n y o f t h e supplies required for th e operations o f war, dem a n d tim e and care for their co l l e c t i o n and p r e p a r a t i o n ; and w e m u s t rem e m b e r that w e have to do w it h a peo p l e w h o s e arsen a l s and dock - y a r d s are filled to r e p l e t i o n ; w h o s e su p p l i e s are upon a s c a l e equal to a n y probable dem a n d upon th e m ; w h o s e g i g an t i c m i l i t a r y ancl naval establishm e n t s , °an. n o u n c e th e i r p o w e r and maintain it; and the structure o f w h o s e g o v e r n m e n t is better fitted than ours for prompt and vigorous and offensive action. It is in the spirit of these v i e w s that I have submitted the resolutions before the Senate, aud in which I ask their concurrence. A great responsibility is upon us. W e shall best d i s c h a r g e it by firm n e s s ^ a n d by a w i s e f o r e cast, w h i c h , w h i l e it steadily su r v e y s the dan g e r , m a k e s adequate provisions to m e e t it. B y th u s a c t i n g , w e sh a l l g i v e a practical approba tion o f t h e cou r s e of t h e P r e s i d e n t , w e shall s h o w to o u r constituents that t h e ir Tnterests are safe i n o u r h a n d s ; w e shall sp e a k neither in a d e p r e c a t i n g tone, nor in a tone of defiance, but o f f irm n e s s , to E n g l a n d ; an d w e sh a l l g i v e to Y e s , sir. lm u s t the nations of Europe a proof that republics ire as jealous of their rights end ho«mjy«od as de termined to maintain them; as.jttjiMjjbfcical go t ernm e n t s . . T H E B I N G H A M T O N C O U R I E R . J . R« O R T O N , E d i t o r . WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 31, 1845. The admirable speech of Gen. Cass in Ihe U S. Senate in support of his resolutions of enquiry into the condition of our National Defences, with a view to place the country in a state of defence, will be found in our columns. The resolutions, it will be recollec ted, passed unanimously. We are indebted to Mir. Dickinson for a corrected pamphlet copy of the Speech. A d m issio n of T e x a s . T exas is now the 26 th S tate or the IJ nion .—On .M o n d a y D e c . 2 2 , M r. A s h l e y re p o r te d in t h e U . S . Senate the resolutions from the House for the admis sion o f Texas as a State. Mr. Webster iu a very moderate manner opposed the measure. Mr. Berrien said that as Texas was now annexed, it was too late to oppose her admission as a Slate.*- He should therefore go for the resoltiiiona, Mr. Niles said the legislature of liis state had pass ed resolutions against the admission of Texas as a slave state, but as no definite instructions had been given him, he should vote forthe rciolutions. Mr H u n t i n g t o n o p p o s e d th e re s o lu ti o n s ; a l s o Mr. Corwin. Messrs. Fairfield and Baglly, should vote for th e m . 1 The question was then taken and the resolutions passed as follows > YEAS.— Messrs. Allen, Archer, (wfig) Ashley, Atchison, Atherton, Bagby, Barrow, (whig) Benton, Berrien, (whig) Broese, Calhoun, Cass, Chalmers, Colquitt, Dickinson, Dix, Fairfield, Hannigan, Hay. wood, Jenness, Johnson, of La., Levy, Lewis, Man- gum, (whig) Niles, Pennybacker, Sevier, Speight, -nurgeon, Turney, Westcott—31. 2? democrats, 4 whigs. ' NAYS.—Messrs. Thos, Clayton, Corwin, Davis, Dayton, Evans, Greene, Huntington, Miller, Phe(ps, Simmons, Upham, Webster, Woodbridge— 13. Kill whigs. \ A bsentees .— M e s s r s . Cameron, (dem ) Crittenden, Jarnagin, M’Duffie, (dem. an invalid) Semple, (deni.) '\Resolutions f o r ihe admission.of ihe Stale pf Texas into the Union: “W h e r e a s . T h e Congress of the Unittd States, by a joint resolution,’ approved Mar«h 1st, 1845, did consent that the territory properly included within and rightfully belonging to the republic of Texas, might be erected into a ndw State, to be called the State of Texas, with a re publican fo rm of government, to he adopted fty the people of the said republic by deputies'jn convention assembled, with the consent of tile existing government, in order that the same might be admitted as one of the States ofthe U n ion ; which consent of C ongress was given upon ceitain conditions specified in the 1st and 2d sec tions ofsaid joint resolution; and whereas, the people of the said republic fcf Texas, by deputies in convention assembled, wiih the consent ofthe existing government, did adopt a constitution and erect a new S'ate, with a republican form of government, and in the name of the people of Texas, and by their authority, did ordain and de clare that they assented to and accepted the pro posals, conditions and guaranties contained in said lst and 2d sections of said resolution; snd whereas, the said constitution, with the proper evidence of its adoption bv the people of the re public of Texas has been transmuted io the President of th<* United States, and laid before Congres®, in conlorm ity lo the provisions of said jaint resolution; therefore “Be it resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United S'atesof America in Congress assembled, That the State of T exas shall be one, arid is hereby declared to be one. of the United States of America, and admitted into the Union on an equal fooling with the or iginal states in all respects whatever. “ Be it further resolved, That until the repre sentatives in Congress shall be appointed accor ding to an actual enumera'ion of the inhabitants of the United States, the State of Texas shall be entitled to choose two representatives.” C U B A . —Texas having been thus annexed, Mr L evy , of Florida, followed with a resolution declaring that it was expedient for the President of tlie United States to open negotiations for the cession of the Is. land o f Cuba to the United States. This resolution lies over for one day. On the 23d Rev Mr. Tuston, for several years chaplain to the Senate, was again elected to that p o s t. The Rev. Mr. Melbourne was elected chaplain of the House, out of ten candidates. Mr. M. is a blind Methodist preacher from Kentucky. of^hi Mexican Government, declaring the pro vince independent. Dn the Tstinst.} a private, express arrived in Yera Cruz, stating that General Paredes bad pronounced against th.e preterit Goverrtment.and was iibotH to march on the city of Mexico from San Lours Pot'osi. Nothing definite Rs to the proposition for the purchase of California-but thinks that this ac quisition is embraced in the mission of Mr. Sli dell. ' ' ~ Im p o r t a n t ftiiin o r s . Rumors are in active circulation of a peaceable adjustment of our differences both with England and Mexico. The Acadia brought Mr. Coggill \bearer of despatches” from London ; and another \bearer of despatches,” from Mr. Slidell, our Minister at Mexi co, arrived at Washington on the 20th.' Their bud gets have not been given to the world ; and, mean while, rumor is rife. Tlie Morning News and Tri bune state the reports in relation to Oregon lo be, that G. Britain has offered, through Mr. McLanc, the 4 9 t h parallel, heretofore refused by Mr. Pakenham, which has been or will be accepted, by our govern ment. The Mexican rumors will be gathered from the following:— LA T E FROM W ASHINGTON. [Correspondence of-the New York IJerald.] W a s h i n g t o n . D i e 2 1 . 1 8 4 5 Arrival o f Mr. Calhoun— News f om Mexico — Another Annexation nearly completed — California coming into T owtl L Mr. C a l h o u n arid f a m i ly arrived last e v e n i n g , and are c o m f o r t a b l y established at t h e ir old quar ter at t h e U n i u d States H o t e l . H e lo o k s fresh, hale and v i g o : o u s as ever. E G . Saulnier, bearer o f despatches from Mr. Slidell, our Minister at Mexico, arrived also last evening, and reported himself forthwith to the Executive. H e came front Yera C r u z to H a vana in an E n g l i s h s'eam e r of 1 8 0 0 tons, (the Spitfire w e unders and,) thence in a little h o p ak ip-and-jtmip schooner, of 4 2 tons buid e n , to C h a r l e s t o n ; thence per C a v e J o h n s o n ’s o v e r land m a il line to W a s h i n g t o n — 12 day s p a s s a g e th r o u g h . F r o m w h a t w e learn, N o r t h California, can be had lor $ 1 5 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 , the raw m a ' e r ial of w hich.as it now stands is valued at $75,000 000 M nxico assents to the Rio Grande, w it h the bo nus o f s e v e r a l m i l l i o n s m o r e , in c l u d i n g Vosa’s unpaid indem n it ies. W a s h i n g t o n . D e c . 21 . 1845. By the special messenger, Mr. E H Saulni er. (’o w h o m w e are indebted for t h e particulars in person.) j u s t arrived at V e r a C i u z , via H a vana, w e learn lhat M r . John S l i d e l l arrived at V e r a C r u z on the 29th u l t , having m e t with a very cordial reception from the authorities.— T h e r e he t o o k his srat in the sta g e on the e v e n in g o f the lst in s t , for the city o f M e x i c o , at. tended by a M i l i t a r y escort. A few d a y s before our inform a n t left, n e w s had reached V e r a C r u z that G e n . U r r e a , G o v e r n o r of t h e province of Son o r a , had pronounced again s t the authorities G r e a t M e e ti n g a t T a m m a n y H a ll. On Friday evening the 19lh inst. the democracy oifihccity of New-York met at Tammany Hall to respond tothe .Message of President Polk, and to give expression to their views on the important state and national topics, of the day. The meeting-was large beyond precedent, Tho resolutions were reported by Ed. Slrahan esq. a n d sustain cordially and fully the doctrines of the M e s s a g e , a n d t h e p r o p o s e d a c t i o n o f C o n g r e s s w i l h respect to Oregon and the national defences. A number of the resolutions are devoted to Ihe subject ol constitutional reform. The.Sth one' is as follows: 8 . T h a t w e a r e in favor of t h e proposition to am e n d t h e constitution o f this state, by the intro duction of articles therein, prohibiting the siaie .Tonr constructing, and from lo a n i n g i t s c r e i i t or m o n e y s to aid in constructing a n y road, r a ilroad or c a n a l , and prohibiting the state, a fter t h e s ale bts, i n c l u d i n g the debt to be incurred .for fin ish i n g the present ca n a l s and the E r i e canal en l a r g e m e n t sh a l l h a v e b e e n paid, from l e v y i n g tolls greaier m amount annually than m a y be sufficient to pay the ex p e n s e s o f t h e repair and su p e r i n t e n d e n c e o f said canals, and the expenses of administering the government of this slate. ~ o The 9th and 10th resolutions furnish arguments in favor of the propositions contained in the 8th, and recommend said propositions to the “ full, free and candid consideration of the people of the state.” \T h e 11th resolution relates to the question of suffrage. Blacks who have property are now allow ed to vote, white those who have none, are denied the privilege. The resolution asserts that properly is not a proper test, and as the alternative is to admit all blacks io the rights, or to exclude all, \we are most decidedly of tlie opinion that all should be ex cluded.” The 12ih resolution is in favor of the election by the people of all, or nearly all, the officers now ap pointed by the legislature, or by the Governor and Senate. The 13th resolution, which is a very important one, is as follows: 13. T h a t in our opinion there o u g h t to be engrafted on the Constitution an am e n d m e n t a l l o w i n g the L e g i s l a t u r e to confer on Boards o f S u p e r v i s o r s leg i s l a t i v e powers for local pur poses, and that in our ju d g m e n t the ev i l s and ex c e s s e s of legislation under w h i c h w e n o w suf fer. w o u l d be rem e d ied by estab l i s h i n g biennial m e e t i n g s of the L e g i s l a t u r e — lhat w e are in favor o f an entire separation ot the j u d i c i a l from the legislative departm e n t s , and in favor o f a gen e r a l reorganization o f the judicial depart m e n t— that we hold all w h o agree with us in the main and essential doctrines of the demo cratic party, and adhere to its usages as entitled loan equal standing within, the party— that we regard all minor distinctions as having their origin in a factious spirit, seeking to control by a p p l y i n g narrow tests in regard to t h e past, and w h ich h a v e no reference to t h e great m e a s u r e s o f the present and the future, and that, therefore, those w h o m a k e these distinctions m e r it the sternest rebuke o f all w h o are f a v o r a b le to. d e m ocratic progress. Letters from Senators Dickinson and Dix were read tothe meeting. We ,annex the one from Mr. Dickinson, as in that our readere will feel the most interest and our limits will nut admit both. L E T T E R FROM M R . D IC K IN S O N . W ashington , Dec. 17th. 1845. D e a r S i r : — I a m favored with y o u r s o f t h e 15th, inviting m e , iri b e h a l f of the D e m o c r a t ic R e p u b l i c a n Y o u n g Men’s G e n e r a l C o m m i t t e e o f the city of N e w Y o r k , to address a public m e e t i n g of dem o c r a t i c republican y o u n g m e n ot that ci 1 v, to be held at T a m m a n y H a l l , on F r i day e v e n i n g next, upon the subjects o f c o n s t it u tional reform, and o f national and state policy, it w o u l d afford m e h i g h gratification, could I c o m p l y with y o u r req iest, but a b - e n c e from m y seat at this lim e , w o u l d be inco'mpaiible with of ficial duty. 1 most heartily concur in the declarations of principles shadow e d forth in ihe resolu'ions a c companying y o u r invitation, and adm ire the frank and manly iont> in which they are expres- ed. T h e present is an auspicious moment for the profitable discussion of principles. No impor tani elections are pending to quicken official am bition, or to suinulaie mere partizan zeal, but questions of high national moment and abiding interest claim our best consideration, and the frame work of the fundamental iavv of our own state is about to be re-constructed by the people. T h e aspect of our national affairs, so far as relates io t h e adm inistration o f our o w n g o v e r n ment, could sca r c e l y be m o r e gratifying. L o f ty a s w e r e the expectations created by the m e m o r a b l e s ' r u g g l e and trium p h and success o f 1844, they have been m o r e t h a n realized. T h e patriotic t o n e and m a n l y b e a r i n g o f i h e executive in his official c o m m u n i c a t i o n , has gladdened t h e heart of every true A m e r i c a n , has strengthened the hands o f his friends, w r u n g u n w i l l i n g praise from his opponents, and is destined to com m a n d the respect and adm iration of t h e civilized world. N o b l y w a s he sustained as the standard-bearer of d e m o c r a c y , and t h r ice w e l l has he d i s c h a r g ed the office. T h a t elevated policy w h i c h has resulted iu re u n i t i n g to us an ex t e n s i v e and fertile region o f c o u n t r y ; a free and independent people, a l l u red by the beauty o f our institutions, and w o n by the arts o f peace, has furnished a m e m o r a b l e and instructive chaprer in t h e history o f hum a n pro g r e s s : an im p e i i s k a b l e record o f t h e trium p h of tru'h over error— - o f a liberal and en l i g h i e d philosophy over a narrow and bigoied preju dice, and ofthe ceaseless and onward spirit of the age over that timidity an I selfishness which runs on l y in ih e g r o o v e s o f its o w n formation. T h o u g h the first conquest o f peace, it w i l l not be t h e last, and the t i m e is not far distant w h e n the A m e r i c a n citizen w i l l o n l y w o n d e r w h y i* shonld have found an opponent on this side o f the Atlantic. B u t I need not s a y that t h e all-absorbing topic o f t h e d a y is t h e territory of^ O r e g o n , to a por tion o f w h i c h G r e a t B r it a in has, as usual, inter posed her claim . H a v i n g as go o d right to the w h o l e as to a n y portion, and n o n e to either, sh e has rejected offers for a com p r o m i s e , w h i c h I trust sh e w i l l not hav e the opportunity to reject a g a i n , and negotiation se e m s to ha v e termmat- ed. O u r tid e to t h e w h o l e territory has not o n ly been b o l d l y asserted by the distinguished statesm e n w h o h a v e conducted the negotiation, but has literally been sh o w n to be “clea r and u n q u e s t i o n a b l e ” G i e a t B r i t a i n m a y n o w , perhaps, consent to divide it, esp e c i a l l y if her c r a v i n g propensity for a g g r a n d i z e m e n t sh a l l be sufficiently in d u l g e d ; w h i l e the A m e r i c a n people w i l l insist upon t h e w h o l e o f t h e ir o w n , r e m e m b e r i n g lhat it w a s the sp u r i o u s and not th e natural m o t h e r w h o proposed to s e v e r the disputed offspring. Among the most interesting.questions which will demand the consideration of the convention Jor the revision of the constitution in our state, is that of limiting the power of tha legislature to create debt, for the purposes of infernal improve ment. T h e exercise of this questionablepfunc- tion of government, under- any circumstances, can be justified only by necessity. W hatever may have been the occasion for its exercise,^or however grealm a y have been its advantages, or manifold its abuses, Such necessity with us exists no longer. W orks of the first magnitude are undertaken and completed by associated private enterprise, and ho one is probably contemplated within our borders, entitled to a moment’s consid eraiion, but such as may readily be accomplish ed by the same or similar means. T h e exercise of this p o w e r has proved a fruit ful so u r c e o f m i s c h i e f a n d irritation, and having la r g e l y offended, w e should ob e y the Scriptural injunction to cut it off. T h e attem p t to rem e d y it by stripping the rep^esemaiive o f ihe power and d i g n i t y ofhis siatiun— lo render him irre sponsible in t h e estimation ol the people, a n d d e g i a d e d in his Own, must increase-ihe evil it is d e s i g n e d to rem e d y , and proclaim to the world that a representative g o v e r n m e n t is not to be trus ed in m a t t e r s , w h i c h concern the interests of the people. T h e judicial department of the government requires, as yo u r resolutions indicate, and doubt less w i l l receive, th o r o u g h and radical reform and r e o r g a n i z a t i o n ; and it is but reasonable to in d u l g e the hope, lhat fo l l o w i n g this im p r o v e m e n t . the practice and proceedings in courts o f la w and equity n . a y be disrobed o f t h e star chamber drapery which has so long concealed their features from the p e o p l e ; that t h e n u m e r ous absurd and antiquated form s and fictions w h i c h em b a r r a s s the adm inistration o f justice m a y be abolished, and truth and sense becom i n g ihe spirit o f the a g e , be substituted for fiction and j a r g o n . T h e right of suffrage is mainly conventional, and the question upon whom it shall be confer red, should be determined as well upon princi pies o f justice as of expediency ; and while we should not deprive the n e g r o of h i s rights, no m i s ' a k e n con c e p iou of abstract equality should ind u c e us to yield him our ow n , or attempt thus to c o m p e n s a t e him for t h e b o n d a g e o f h i s ' c o u n trym e n . It is clea r l y apparent tbat t w o race's o f m e n , so u n l i k e in p h y s i c a l develop m e n t , can never associate together in a n y o f t h e con c e r n s of lil'e upon term s of equality, w it h o u t that interm ing lin g of relation w h i c h d e g r a d e s both. T h e o o m e r e p r i v i l e g e o f b e s t o w i n g his s u f f r a g e , w i t h out the right to receive that of his f e l l o w - c i i i z e n s in return, \vou*d prove an idle m o c k e r y ; and even the right to b e c o m e su c h recipient, with the k n o w l e d g e that th r o u g h all tim e it w a s to be denied in practice, w o u l d prove eq u a l l y val u e l e s s a n d u n a v a i l i n g , 1 ' m a y by ih e aid of po liticul tr a d e i s e m b o d y arid c o n g r e g a t e ih e rov in g and w o r t h l e s s o f i b i s unfouuria'e race, esp e c i a l l y previous lo im p o r t a n t elections, but it will never elevate and am e l i o r a t e t h e coudhion o{ the A f r i c a n . H e w i i l s 'a n a lik e T a n t a l u s , w iih hi.® lips to the fountain, w it h o u t b e i n g perm i ted lo ta?te its b l e s s i n g s N o r can his condition be essentially im p r o v e d .w h i l e he m i n g l e s w i t h a people w h o , h o w e v e r virtuous he m a y be, c a n not and w ill not extend io him the hand of social equality. * But time will not permit me to enlarge upon the various topics, so-significantly enforced by your resoluiions, and iu a few hurried words. I desire to say, that I will cordially join you iu inculcating sentiments which shall tend to en large the boundaries of rational freedom, and to render its foundations more broad and deep: which shall as weil’secure to industry its re ward. and to labor 'he bread it has earned, as to the affluent his fair inheritance or honest accu mulations; which shall restore to the people, as far as is practicable, the appointment of their own servants, and shall simplify and correct all that is involved ancl erroneous; which shall war wilh privilege and inequality in whensoever garb they may appear, or however specious their disguises— which shall raise still higher the standard of mom Is and of social order, and cause the rich blessings of civil and religions liberty to flow onward— to fertilize and bless the extended domains ol humanity. W i t h high considerations of regard, I am your friend and fellow-citizen. D; S. D I C K I N S O N . E d w a r d S t r a h a n , c h ’n c o m o f a i r a n g n u e n t s . P r o f e s s o r W h itn e y . Prof. Charles Whitney has been for some weeks lecturing in Albany to crowded houses; and as we judge from the tone of the press, with a snccqgs alike flattering to his powers as a speaker, ancl gratifying to his friends. The frequent commendations in the Argus and Atlas, are as complimentary as language can make them. On Monday night of last week, Mr. W. made his debut on the Albany stage in the character of Shylock. His success is pronounced marked and complete; and the Albany critics arc determined that Mr. VV. is to become a star in the legitimate drama of the first magnitude. We have frequently heretofore spoken in our columns of this gentleman’s talents, and we again take the liberty of saying that we think them of a high, very high order. M o rse’s T e le g r a p h . A BRANCH TO BINGHAMTON. The Washington Union publishes the following letter frorn Amos Kendall, detailing the doings of the Telegraph Company. By this il Will be seen that a branch to Binghamton is contemplated. W a s h i n g t o n , Dec. 20lh,.1845. To the editor of the Union : D e a r sir: I n c o m p l i a n c e w it h y o u r request, I t a k e pleasure in staling the preparations m a d e for the extension o f M o r s e ’s e lectro m a g n e t i c tel eg r a p h in t h e U n i t e d States. A c o m p a n y - w a s organiz-d'last s p r i n g to con struct a continuous line from N e w - Y o r k to W a s h i n g t o n , the first object of w h i c h w a s to put up tw o w i r e s from N e w - Y o r k to P h i l a d e l p h i a . O w i n g lo difficulties as to right of w a y , they were much delayed, and for that reason, and oth ers, w e r e com p e l l e d to la k e a circuitous route a b o u t 150 m i l e s in length It is com p l e t e , ex cept about thirty m il e s , upon which the posts are u p ; and the w i r e s are b e i n g put up by tw o parties, on e at eacn end. A r r a n g e m e n t s have recently been m a d e to extend this line to B a l t i m o r e as rapidly as it c a n be put up. A n o t h e r c o m p a n y w a s organized soon after the fo'-mer, to construct a line from the city-of N e w - Y o r k to the city o f B u f f a lo. T h e entire line from A l b a n y to JBuffalow a s put under c o n tract ea r l y last fall, and is n e a r l y com p l e t e d , w it h tw o w ires. A n arrangem e n t w a s m a d e in N o v e m b e r for the construction of a line from N e w - Y o r k to Boston. T h e w o r k on the eastern end has pro gressed with great rapidity. T h e h o l e s are d u g to Springfield, and probably further, and the pests are up on a greater part of that distance. E a r l y in the sum m e r ; an a r r a n g e m e n t w a s m a d e h a v i n g in view the construction of a . l i n e w e s t w a r d from P h i l a d e l p h i a to P i t t s b u r g h , and S t . L o u i s , th r o w i n g oft a branch to L a k e E r i e . M e a n s h a v e b e e n raised to c a r r y t h e liue to P it t s b u r g h ; u is built f r o m H a r r i s b u r g to L a n c a s ter, aud is g o i n g up rapidly from that poiut to P h i l a d e l p h i a . •> « A line df thirty-eight .m iles, from B u ffalo to L o c k p d r t . is in s u c c e s s f u l operation, A line front B o s t o n to L o w e l l , about t w e n t y - fiVe. m ile*, is n e a r l y com p l e t e d . L i n e s tire contracted for, lead i n g from S y r a cu s e to O s w e g o , from A u b u r n to .’Ithaca, and b r a n c h i n g th e n c e to B i n g h a m t o n , O w e g o and • L i n e s are n e a r l y com p l e t e d f r o m N e w - Y o r k and Boston, d o w n to t h e o f f i n g o f t h o s e ports. P r e l i m i n a r y arran g e m e n t s are m a d e with the view o f p u s h i n g a line th r o u g h fio m W a s h i n g ton to N . O r leans, operations to c o m m e n c e ear ly in the S p r i n g . M a n y other routes are bespoke, w i t h a v i e w to co n s t r u c i i o n n e x t year. W e en c o u n t e r so m e unforseen difficulties, and na v e been m u c h disappointed -by erroneous estim a t e s as to t h e tim e ' requisite to build these lin e s ; butnothrng has occurred to s h a k e t h e per fect c o n f i d e n c e e n tertained as to t h e practicability and profit ol this great enterprise. I f any morn detailed information is desired by yoUj ii w ill be given with great pleasure. W i t h h i g h regard, yours, & e .. A M O S K E N D A L L - len from the store of C. Holbr©ok,<£|34 street ; a sack and brown surtotii ft dm42 .. land street,- and a tweed jack' fronrT W ashidgt Hall, Charl«iown.^{'Bostdn'-P(wl^^I |tfs=*Our neighbor of the Republican received the present of a turkey for his Christinas dinner. We were not a whit behind him in this particular, hiving been favored by our good friends the farmers, not only with a turkey young and fat; but chickens, beef, butter and nuts, as accompanyments. The donors will please accept in return, our thanks, and best wishes for their health and prosperity. T h e N e w Y e a r . Before another issue of this paper, the New Year will greet us. In'advance, we beg leave to offer our friends and readers, our hearty congratulations and the compliments, of the season. On New-Year’s Day, the Carrier, as usual, will niake his bow to his patrons. JUDGE GARLAND. [From the N. O. Bee of Dec. 11-] Yesterday evening Judge Maurian, of the Parish Court, received the following depositions in t h e case of J u d g e G a r l a n d . G. K . Smith, broker, staled that on the 22J of October last Major J. A . Beard delivered to deponent a note, dated the 6th of that month, payable to and endorsed by Rice Garland, for the sum of $ 6 250, ai 12 months, which de-po nent promised to discount and pay the proceeds next morning at L0 o’clock. T h e note was sig ned in the name of Mr. McDonough, which was familiar to him Deponent observed to Ma jnr B< ard at the time he delivered the note, that it was disfigured and somewhat broken,'from the bad quality of the paper and printing. M-ijor B said he had made the same observation, and was informed by Judge Garland lhat he ha I dropped it in the gutter where there was lime The note was discounted at 8 per cent, premi urn. charging a brokerage of 1 per cent, and paid the proceeds next morning, by a check to the order of J. R Beard. - Mr. McDonough passed the office of the deponent some houis af ;er, when the lu'ter told the fotmer that he had the note in question. Mr. McD. said lhat he had no note out of that |ptount, and asked to see it.— Deponent told him it was his signature, and Mr. Me Donougb said it looked like it, but did not acknowledge it, and repudiated the payment of it Deponent went io Messrs. Beaid. Oaihonn & Co., who stated they had paid the proceeds of the note to judge Gai land, after d e d u cing what he owed them, and show<d the receipt. On speaking to Judge Garland on the subject short ly after, he slated that the note was a genuine one, and ihai I should te satisfied if 1 would go over the, river wiffi him to Mr McD’s, Depo nent did not go, but Mr. J. A. Beard did. Mr. McDonough called on the deponent next day and the business was settled bv Mr. McD. giv ing deponent a note for $2 802 63 cents, which the latter had discounted at 8 per cent premium Judge Garland had previously paid deponent the balance, and (he original note was returned to Mr. M cD T h e latter stated that the affair was entirely between him and the Judge; lhat he had given the Judge a blank peice of paper, wiih hi® name, to be filled up for the purchase of some negroes, but that it had been filled up for more than the sum intended— meaning that it was a breach of confidence Mr McDonough next gave his deposition, and confirmed what Mr Smith had said of the-oi igi nal note. He said he was quite astonished on seeing the note; that the signature was his, but that he knew nothing of the body of it He had been in tlie habit of sending presents to Judge Garland, wilh notes, and one o f these notes, had been used by ihe Judge for the purpose of mak ing the noie in question. That the woids bf the letter must have beep obliterated by some chem ical process, and the blank filled up with the promise to pay, and figures. He told Mr. Smith to get his money as soon as he could. T h e de ponent then returned home, and at four o’clock, P. M., Judge Garland presented himself at his house, begging him to save him and the honour of his children. H e wastouched, and went next dav, took up the note, and gave another for the $2,800, the balance having beeD replaced by Judge Garland. Lt is believed that the examination resulted in a determination to issue a warrant for the com mitment of Judge Garland. W e deeply regret to have to state that the late reports p ejudicial to the character and standing of Judge Garland, of the Supreme Bench, have had a melancholy effect upon his mind. Last evening, about 5 o’clock, he went on board the steamboat Sultana, lying at the Levee, and rush- ing to the side, threw himself into trie river.— He was perceived and picked up before he got far from the boat. When brought on board, he broke awav from rhose that held him and again attempted tojump overboard. He was restrain ed however, and carried home. [From the N. O. Coin. Bulletin, of Dec. 12.] A warrant was issued on Wodnesdav’cvening for the arrest of Judge Garland, on the chargp of forgery, but up to last evening iheofficers had not been able to find h:m. A C o o t P r o c e e d i n g i n t h e R o b b i n g l i n e — On Saturday e v e n i n g , about 9 o ’clo c k , w h i l e Messrs. W m . P M c K a y and Henry T Spear, w a t c h m a k e r s , 5 2 M i l k street, w e r e sitting in their store, with tw o o f their y o u n g m e n a sm a l l sh o w - c a s e full o f go l d w a t c h e s w a s stolen from the w i n d o w by a most a u d a c i o u s m a n c e v r e . T h e robbers,barred the fiont door outside, by running t h r o u g h t h e handle in t h e m i d d l e a piece o f iron hoop thrice douhled. O n e o f t h e m then dashed his hand in through the w i n d o w , seized th e ca s e and fled w i t h his accom p l i c e s . M r . Spear m a d e an attem p t to catch t h e ca s e as it was passing out, but o n l y succeded in cutting his hand on the broken w i n d o w . T h e robbers, three in num b e r , ran up A t k i n s o n street, but had so m e tw o m i n u t e s start of t h e people in the store, w h o experienced, s o m e difficulty in getting ih e store open. A w a t c h m a n , w h o g a v e ch a s e , succeded in s e i z i n g o n e of— M ’K . &> S ’s clerk s , w h o had pursued the robbers up A t k i n so n street, but after the natural ex p l a n a t i o n s w h i c h sp e e d i l y follow e d j he released bi.m. M r . C o l e , i h e h a ir d r e s s e r , sa y s he fiis t s a w tw o m e n at t h e door o f t h e store, and then sa w three m e n run. T h e w a t c h e s a r e valued at $ 1 5 0 0 . A rew a r d is offered. S e e advertisem e n t . O h S a t u r d a y , tw o pieces ot m e r i n o w e re sto A New Englander, riding in a railroad car, nfTSouth W e « t, s o m e w h e r e . s e e m e d p a f l i c u l a r l y disposed to astonish, t b e . o t h e r . p a s s e n g e r f c w k ® ' to u g h stories-about Y a n k e e d o r m - A t last- h # m e n t i o n e d lhat o n e . o f his neigb-hpursr o w n e d an im m e n s e dairy, and m a d e a m i l l i o n pound* o f f butter and a m i l l i o n pounds o f c h e e s e ^ e a r l y , - ^ T h i s s'ory produced so m e sensation;, • n d . t h o i Y a n k e e p e r c e i v i n g that his veracity w a * i n d a n - g e r of b e i n g questioned, appealed* to a friend fo l l o w s : * ' \ ' “ T r u e , isn’t it, M r . P . I sp e a k o f D e a c o ix, B r o w n , — y o u k n o w D e a c o n B r o w n ?” - “ Y e - e - s , ” replied the friend, “that- k n o w D e a c o n B r o w n , I don’t k n o w tis J o v e r heard precisely h o w many pounds o f B u t t e r abd, cheese he makes- a year, but. 1 k no w h e .Jill- tw e l v t s a w m i l l s that ali g o by butter m i l k . ” —■* [N o r w a l k E x p e r i m e n t . _ ' - “ M i l l i o n s o f m o n e v for a n in c h of time,” w a * '’ the cry of Q u e e n E l i z a b e t h , w h e n , s h e !*y riff her death bed. W h a t a w a r n i n g to th o s e w.b* daily waste hours of their precious .existence. T h e B i b l e C a u s e * . The friends of this cause* throughout the coonty are hereby informed that the Broome County Bible, Society, will, hold its annual meeting, in the Session Room of the Presbyterian Church of this village, on Tuesday January 27, 1846. Services, appropriate te t h e o c c a s i o n , W ill c o m m e n c e * t , 'l O 'O - c l o c k . A - 1 V I .- — We desire, and expect that each Totfn in the .county* will send its delegates, and be well represented is* said meeting.—Binghamton, Dec. 25, 1845; [ttohm] J. -M. .SNYDER,- Cor. Scc’y.- , BROOME CO. TEACHER’S ASSOCIATION, The first meeting of tlie officer* and membersV this Institution, will be held at the Binghamloif Aca demy, on Thursday, the first b f January next, at on*- o’clock, P. M. A discussion, on the propriety of fpr- rning Union Schools, .may be expected at that lias*, and in the evening an appropriate address; ■ Let every town be fully 'rep'resented. AH th* frie n d s o f e d u c a t i o n a r e r e s p e c t f u l l y in v i t e d to attend* By order of the Executive .Committee. E. M. ROLLOj President, . Binghamton, December 17, L843. . N O T IC E . , - - The Annual meeting oftbp UniveTsalist Society, O. Binghamton, will be held al the house of Wm M. Die* LoNcf, in the village of Binghamton, on M o n d ay, the ; 5lh day of January next, a t one o’clock, P. M:. The Members and friends of said Society .are requested I*- attend sis business of iiriporleiice is to be presented *1 eaid meeting. By order of the Trustees. • THOM AS A L L E N , Clerk* Binghamton, December 17, 1845. ' \ ' t . tEpSANDs’s S a rsatarh.i,a —This in v a l u a b l e medi cine has won its way in public favor until it has be come the only acknowledged preparation lliai can be relied upon for the removal and.cure of a ll d i s e a s e s - ; originating in an im p u reand depraved state of tharf blood and other fluids. It is npt reduccd in medicj* nal v a l u e by the a d d it ion o f s u g a r , and Ts pfepaj-ed by 1 - a peculiar process, entirely new. The principle which, rehders thi? root so valuable is wholly p resern ed. This Sarsaparilla is extensively recommended an d p r o v e d to be highly beneficial for purifying tlie ‘ blood, an d removing unhealthy humors, eradicating' the effects of mercury -from the system, clearing th* skin, &c. I t is also used wilh the-happiest effects in rheumatism and neuralgia. • ’ For further particulars and conclusive evidence of its superior value and efficacy, see pamphleti* Which may be obtained of agents gratis. - £ Prepared and sold, wholesale and jetailxby A . B* Sands & C o ., Druggists and Chemists, 273 Broadway New-York. Price $1 per b o lfle: six bottfrs for $ 5 . . O T ror sale also by L- M. RexfoKd, Binghamton, - A SA F E M E D ICIN E .—The weak, the. feeble* the infirm, the nervous, the delicate, are in a few days strengthened by Brandteth’s Pills, and the worst complaints are removed by perseverance wiehout the' expense of a physician. Adapted to all circum stan ces and situations they are the best medicines ev*f invented for families, or take to-sea, preventing .scur vy arid costi veiiess, requiring tio change of diet, par ticular regimen, or care against taking cold. The following are duly appointed agents for thflf sale of the Brandreth P i l l s in. Broome county, e tch o n e having a -new c e r t i f i c a t e of agency from Dr Brandreth :— -J. R. Orton, Binghamton ;. Whitmor*' & Dusenbury, Windsor;. Canfield & Steele, Union j W illia m L i n c o l n , ilfa i n e ; H o lm e s < &■ W e l c h , Upper!. Lisle; M cloy & Keclef, Chenango P orks. 11 T H E M A R K E T S . N ew -Y ork —T he market is reported as more seta lied. Flour is selling at $5,59—holders ask 6<f higher. Ashes, pots $3,75, pears, 4,25-^—Oats a.re'- down. sates at 46c,—Corn, 73—Butler, dull—Lard\ 8 1.2—Cheese 7 lo 7 1-2—Tallow, 7 1-2: On the 1st Jan. the Stale of- New York will pay her debt then becoming due, of $2,362,535. *\ The stock market is in confusion. VVe do not look- for a n y improvement in (he stock- market £s*y* tfrsf Herald) until after the lst of January, wiferi it i* pos sible the banks may loosen the screws lhey have pat upon tlie money market ; in ihe event of which thcr* will be an advance in quotations for stocks. No one could oomplain of the course recently pursued by the banks of this city, had their object been, merely to- check speculation in stocks or in any of our staple articles of merchandise; but there Vvcrc pther end* aimed at. The banks freely discounted the drafts of flour speculators at. the west and in _thfs city, and they were the principal cause, by the liberality *rjtb' which loans were made, ofthe exten'siveinoveroent- in flour, &c. After having'by these means drawn, many into the business and-got them deeply involw- ed. they sh»t off supplies, and left then! io got oulth* best way they could. These institutions pursue a course', a t o n e t i n > * , calculated to induce every one to'expand tlieir opera a t i o n s a n d e x t e n d t h e i r c r e d i t s ; at a n o t h e r time a. course compelling e v e r y one lo c o n t r a c t and reduce their movements to the lowest limit; and it is about time that theseflnctuations were stopped.-!— ' There can be no uniformity in the value of noojiey pjr merchandise so long as they exist, and the moyenieal* of the banks of this city, the past month, have strengthened .the position we have taken in-lie.' lalion to the Sub Treasury. Every day convince* o r - more and more of the great necessity that exist* lor, the re-establishment of the Sub Treasury, w;th all it* most restrictive feature*. The only cause: the banks h a v e fo r o p p o s i n g thi* b i l l , is the very one the poblic have for advocating it, and that is the check It exer cises upon the movements of these institution*. M A R R I E D i In Binghamton on the 24th inst. by Rev. T . H . Pearne, Mr. N athanikl A. R owlet of Chenango, to Miss M aria M. BxAMAN of Vestal. On the 24th inst. a t the same place by the same,' Mr. Samuei, -Duncan to Mfsis A. E. D o u g h e r t y , both of Candor, Tioga Co. ’ In Owcgo oo the 29th irist. by the Rev. J- Sheri dan, M r. T i m o t h t B o y l e to MissAiCEUA B a t c h l o X , both of New Milford, _Pa. .. . In Union, on the 22d inst. by the Re*. Wm. Mr. A b e l C u r tis to Miss Amanda • “ ( th a t town.
