{ title: 'The Columbia Republican. (Hudson, N.Y.) 1881-1923, November 24, 1887, Page 1, Image 1', download_links: [ { link: 'http://www.loc.gov/rss/ndnp/ndnp.xml', label: 'application/rss+xml', meta: 'News about NYS Historic Newspapers - RSS Feed', }, { link: '/lccn/sn89071100/1887-11-24/ed-1/seq-1/png/', label: 'image/png', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn89071100/1887-11-24/ed-1/seq-1.pdf', label: 'application/pdf', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn89071100/1887-11-24/ed-1/seq-1/ocr.xml', label: 'application/xml', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn89071100/1887-11-24/ed-1/seq-1/ocr.txt', label: 'text/plain', meta: '', }, ] }
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jiremcai. ■ffie First Sign Of failing licalth, whether in the form of —^iSkt_Swe:its and X’crvoiisnes.s, or in a sense of General 'Vreariness and I^o^s of Appetite, should suggest the use of Ayer’s Sarsi^arilla. This preparation is most effective for giving tone and streugtli condition, and for purifying, enriching, and vitalizing the blood. F a l l in g H e a lt h . a s u a & f*^ - I have used Ayer’s Sarsaparilla, in mv pr^^eribcd it as a tonic, as well as an a’tor- ati'-e, and must say that f honcslly bolii-ve It to be liie host blood inodii inc rvi r eomponn-h-d.— IV. F. Fowler, I>. ]>. S., ^f. 1.'., G xeuvilie, Tenn- ' D y s p e p s ia C ’jre-d. It V Mil.' ;« im;v>.v;b;o f,,r < , d . senbo-w h a t f snUoivd from ludigo'ti..n ■fiiM'iu-a-d:ahe lip to the time 1 ^:,;v t.ikiii-r Ayer's Sarsapariila. 1 was tl’.e e.iro of varlwis pliv-iri, :-c great nmnv hinds of ir mil. X Was ntiih I* - , . r--y'ie:.m«-.-ui.! tried :-c grea t nmny hinds o f inrdieines, hut ii'-voi- ohtaimd more than temporarv re lief. A fter taking Ayer's .Sar.-aparilla for a s.iort tune, my headache disaiipcared, and my stomach I'erformcd its duties moro perfectly. To-day my health is com- I'lctety restored.—3Iary Httrlev, Snring- Ajer's Sarsaparula, Pi. pr.-i,l l.y Tr. J. C. Ayer Jr Co., T.r.vcc!!. iitaas. 5'ri. o . t. otl,.s. >•55, t° hut forta\ - - - - CARTER M E D I C I I i E C O ., K s w Y o r k C i ty . Children rO R P I T C H E lf S (^sMa C a s toria prom o tes IMgcstioii, and overcomes Platulenoy, Constipation, Sour Stomach, Diarrhoea, and Peverishness. Thus the child is rendered healthy and its sleep natural. Castoria contains no Morphine or other narcotic property. T hh C entatje Co., 77 Murray St., N. Y. ' e T it I r/ie GreatestBloodiPjir^eri .KNOWN^ ; g ; German Medicine is V a ^ S ^ |{ I best. 128 doses of S t r D - # « I ?E K S for$1.00,lesstha^^ | s a i s . Try a Bottle To-day I B _ _ p j £ ; L §rpn Son, ^roprktors. of % €onrd^, Crmts: $i.so prr in.^jjtmnrr. LIEBIG COMPANY’S E x t r a c t o f M e a t Iiprovei aiJ Ecsim Cooler?. N. IX.—Gennine only wIiU fac-siniile ol Itaron A,iebig>« tiiguatnre in bine acrove labs). V O L T IM E 68- HXJDSON, N. Y., THtmSDAY, IfOYEMBER 24 , 1887 . HTUMBEK 47 TH A N K S G IV IN G . all saved, ar.d our wheat Is all reaps 1 garnered, our barns are all heape giving! thanksgiving 1 Our hay Is i Our corn Is Thanksgivn _ For the sun and the dew and the bountiful rain. For the honey and frulf, for the nourishing grain. For the rose and the song, let us render again, Thanksgiving! thanksgiving: For the quick tide of trade that gives life to o the qul For the skill and the wealth of the -workingman’s Tnanksgtvlng! 1 For the hralns that have lolled with some wonder- 1 thought. lanksglvlng! re lolled w ith t [reams that the artist and poet have caught. For the old fight with evil so patiently fought. Thanksgiving! thanksgiving! For the homes that with truest affection are blest, tere love nestles down like a bird in its nest. Thanksgiving I thanksgiving! For the worth and the wiu that have made us so For our beautllul land from sea unto i —Harper’s WeeJelv. CHURCH FAIRS IN HUDSON AND VICINITY, jddrcBSlng full particulars to The First Thanltsgivlng. y iv a s Celel l^ r i n i Fatlserv. The autumn of the year 1621 had arrived in the history of the Pilgrim colony, at Plymouth, Mass. The spring before had been the time of their first so'wing. Autumn brought the first harvest. The peas were considered to be “a failure,” says Barry, “owing to drought and late sowing.” The barley was “indiffer ently good,” bnt the corn “yielded well.” Those long, yellow ranks of corn that the autumn sun shone upon, were a sight satisfactory as a column of Pilgrim troops, laden with spoils, and brave Miles Stand- ish at their head. So pleased were the pilgrims with the harvest that they determined to celebrate it. Foui huntsman went after the fowl; and who that knows the delicacies of New England game along its autumn shores will wonder that a time of feasting followed the fowlers’ return ? “After a .special manner” the merry Pilgrims re joiced. They minted King Massoit and ninety men to be their guests, stuffing them for three days. Among the Thanksgiving goodies were wild turkeys, deer from the forest, fowl from the blue shore waters and the creeks that flowed in from the shin ing sea. That was the cradle in which the young Thanksgiving fes tival was rocked, a baby, grown now to be a giant, and taking possession of the whole land once a year. At the time of the institution of this festival, Plymouth was a small place. It had seven homes. Beside there were four other buildings for various uses. In our day it is hard to go back to those olden times, so different are the many features characterizing home and public life. Let us try though to imagine our selves in one of the old Massachu setts villages, and we can look around for ourselves. And at the very outset, w'e stumble upon one of its inhabitants on his way to “meeting.” We brush him so hard that he promptly clasps his hands on his gun, carried under his arm, and almost “telescopes” us with a shaip, piercing look that says : “Are you Indian or not ?” On his head is a steeple-crowned hat and the velvet cap beneath shows that he is that qualified personage, an \elder A ruff is about his neck. He wears short, close coat or jerkin, and outside of this is a cloak, short like the jerkin. He wears small clothes and his legs are seen to be of good Thanksgiving size. If he were a young man, with weakness for the pomp and vanity of this world, his boots would probably be big and pretentious, boots rolled over at the top. People in those days were re quired to show that they could af ford an expensive dress, and prove it, too, in court if necessary. Hig- ginson says that one Jonas Fair banks “was prosecuted for wearing ‘great boots,’ but the evidence was not sufficient to convict him, and he was happily acquitted.” It is a chilly morning that has come with Thanksgiving, and we will leave the elder and seek admission to that house before us, from whose chim ney the smoke is curling. We want to feel the heat of the big, open fire, and what a fire place! That log which last went on to the burning heap was at least four feet long! We venture to think that at night you might thrust in your head at one corner of the fire-place and, looking up, catch a sight of some star ■ overhead. How the sparks from the fire jealously fly toward that glittering gem in the heavens, vainly striving to reach it, and go ing out when only^six feet from the chimney’s to p ! As we leave the hospitable fire and turn into the street again we look back to notice that tbis is a log h o u se; that its roof is very steep, and that its shag gy coat of thatch needs darning. But the jieople are on their way to hear the Thanksgiving sermon in the meeting house. The men stalk along, their guns resting on their shoulder, convoying, it may be, some matron, who is giving her lace neckerchief and silk hood an airing for the first time. There is the log meeting-house, and around this zion is a sturdy fence. The spot is dec orated with a grim old cannon. The people are dropping into the sanctuary, and as they take their seats, it would seem as if sieves of various sizes had been operated, and the old men had been sifted into rows by themselves, the young women by themselves, and so on. And the boys—what shall be done with the wriggling, restless boys, who for more than two centuries have not stirred in their graves, but were uneasy enough then ? There is an official who has them safe under his eye, on the pulpit stairs perhaps. His wand, ever vigilant, can easily reach them. There is no organ in the meeting-house, for as late as 1735 the people in one town declared the organ to be “an instru ment of the devil for the entrapping of men’s souls.” But you will find that the sweet est and most impres sive of all musical instruments, the human voice, and you will hear a psalm sung out of the Bay Psalm Book. Tou will also hear a rever ent, confiding prayer, thankful for mercies. And the minister’s ser mon, it may be long, but it will be sensible. There is an hour-glass before the minister, and at the end of every hour, as the service pro ceeds, the sexton wiU give the glass tip and set the sand to running anew. The services may be three hours long, but you will know where y o u are— reck o n in g by th e h o u r — if y o u •watch th e glass. D o n ’t go to sleep, or that official wand, al ready specified, will be laid in bless ing on your brow. Finis comes in all things, and meeting is out. Stee ple crows and silk hoods go bob bing up and do-wn, a n d soo n th e little v illage road is deserted. But be assured there is merriment enough within the old log house to offset any silence and dreariness without.— Christian at Work, The Feminine Bachelor. The feminine bachelor is becoming a feature of New York. She has devel oped there to an extent not known in any other city.. She is frequently pretty, she is always well dressed, she jges from 23 to 33 years old, and she leads an independent life not usual with any other class of women. The feminine bachelor is a woman, young, unmarried, living by berself, to whom society by common consent allows an individual freedom never dreamed of by the chaperoned girl, and to be likened only to the Bohemian exist ence of the unmarried man. The feminine bachelor is usually a bright girl, and she often comes from the country. She is fully capable of taking care of herself, and her number multi ply every season. The feminine bache- lor is, save for other Bohemian women, ■anger in the city, though her comaraderie extends the circle of her acquaintance rapidly. She is an art student, a medical student. She is learning music or shorthand. She has literary yearnings, and sends manu scripts to all the publishers. She is on an independent footing, comes and goes as she pleases, holds herself bound by no code of propriety save her own, and ha» induced society to accept her code as for her as good a has oomparativelv few acquaintances of the other sex. m are apt to like her, and she is apt like them, but she is too busy to let the association go very far. She is not distinctively a bluestocking, like the Boston old maid. She does not remain single of set purpose, but is like enough to continue unmarried through filling her life full of other things. The true feminine bachelor is never a isssimist. She likes New York; she rejoices in her own perfect freedom, and she dissipates in a blight, inno cent, light-hearted way that is more like the joviality of boys and girls than ioades of years. a great d( on a first night. She is always there posted woman on oper the city. She comi ’one, an takes her goef certs and lectures, and to the theater [eal. I have never missed her irst night. She and is the best posted alone and she goes hem e alone, and nobody molests her or afraid. The independent woman, t erself sometimes,! she calls hei [ways a full pooketbook. lan’t afford too big a rent bill office or studio or i or work iquently her torn is sitting room and bedroom in one. There are buildings, not too many of them, which makes a specialty of letting offices to her, and here she will exercise an ingenuity that stamps her as truly feminine to conceal deficiencies,iies, adaptdapt itt for thehe basinusinesi a i for t b 1 it into a home. Her folding m’t betray that she sleeps Her toilet arrangements are and turn it into i bed dosen’t betray that she there. Her toilet arrangemei tacked tway behind a band-painted screen or secluded by brig h t d raperies. If she can afford it she goes to a res lilities ing” are boundless. These emancipa ted women hunt in couples usually, and the partners to a housekeeping arrangement of this kind, engaged in widely different work perhaps through the day, contract friendships that last through a lifetime. These women of the offices, the studies and the studios grow into Bohemian coteries whose uembers are in^dependent of other associations. There are anyi from 1,200 to 1,500 of them ii city, I suppose, and they are the most brilliant of all city won There a r^ anywhe: lity wo^en to meel They are leading a life that -would have been impossible to any woman without ostracism 25 years ago, bat it is now so fully recognized that the most sensitive of women can thrive under it. The feminine bachelor is a feature of modem New Yox\c,—FhUad€ The Herring Fisliers. 'Uo Sardine Industry—H ot Fingers Fix tlio Juicy Fittlo Fellow* for tilio Market—Scenes at ibo Weirs- Xl»o Arrival ot tUe Herring Slooi> and tire Fxciteuicnt. E a s t p o r t , M e ., Oct. 2 6 . —Here is the home of the Herring, Aside from the pleasure one finds in study ing the incidents of herring fishing and the lives and ways of herring fishers there is extraordinary interest attach ing to the great secondary industry growing out of herring fishing itself. PLENTY OF SARDINES. At Eastport, Lewis Cove, Robert son, Lubec, Pembroke, Southwest Harbor, Jone'spoit, Mill -Bridge and Cutler are located between thirty and forty of these sardine factories. They employ, or partially employ from 2,- 000 to 3,000 hands from the middh of April to the middle of December. Every factory is located on the Maine coastwise shore, in Maine on the shores of Cobscook, Pembroke and Passama- quoddy bays, or upon the Maine shore of the St. Croix. The reason why none are on the Canadian side is that our customs duties make such opera tions impractical there. But Canadi ans more than make amends. The best herring grounds are on the other side of the unnecessary imaginary line; two-thirds of all herring fishers are Canadians, and by international regu lation Canadian fishers may bring their fresh herring duty free to ever-profit- able markets. Being practically a new industry of such ample profit that the bitterest rivalries exist; and the false and foolish notion being prevalent that the product must go out to the world under all sorts of lying subter fuges, so that the silly prestige of for eign made sardines under American pretence may be maintained, no figures can be secured giving its exact impor tance. But when it is remembered that this product has nearly driven French Sardines out of the American market; that in addition a vast export trade has been secured; that the American consumption of sardines, in view ot their grateful cheapening from fifty cents to even as low as ten cents box, at retail, has resulted, and that they have become, instead of a luxury the rich, a common article of food among all who labor and earn the pro portions of this single and generally unknown industry can be easily com prehended. Millions upon millions of boxes, indeed one might also say of cases, of 100 boxes to the case, are annually prepared here. There is no end to the supply, no diminution of demand, and no cessation of annual increase in number and capacity of factories. FILLING THE BOXES. Under the cutting shed are a large nnmber of cutting tables, around which are gathered old and young of all sorts, though smart lads are in the majority. The herrings are dumped upon these tables promiscuously, and the cutters spring to their werk with wonderful celerity, their knives flash ing savagely and every “ click” upon the raised edge of the table completing its work upon one fish. To the right of each is a box holding about one- third of a bushel, and to the left a barrel. Every time the knife de scends the tail end of a herring flies into the box and the head and entrails into the barrel. Cutters are paid about five cents per box for this work. The speed attained by some is remark able, and there is no cessation of effort until the last herring is disposed of. In the meantime other processes are progressing. The barrels of “ waste” carried to the “press room,” where it is boiled to a jelly, cooled, pressed and a low-grade oil extracted, while the residue becomes land dress- ing, worth from $10 to $20 per ton. As fast as the cutter’s boxes are filled the fish are sorted! There are two sizes, “oils” and “mustards.” The former are the smaller, delicate fish, packed in oil, 100 boxes to the case, and the latter comprise the large herring, preserved in preparations of French and German mustard, fifty boxes to the case. The fish are now transferred to the “ pickling room” and placed m half-hogsheads of brine, where they remain nearly a half hour and are then “flaked.” “Flaking” consists of partially drying the fish. This is done by placing the herring in single layers upon “ flakes,” about four feet square, made of triangular white beech slats held together by lighi wooden rims. This is done either in the sun or in gigantic ovens. After the flaking comes the “ frying” process. The fish arc piled upon perforated iron, or wire, screen-like pans two three tiers deep, when about a half dozen of these are lowered into great caldrons of boiling oil. Here they remain for perhaps half an hour. They are then “ drained,” thoroughly cooled, and then conveyed to the packing tables. At these you will find scores of the gentler sex in all stages of development and decomposi tion. But most of the faces are young and glowing, and all of the fingers deft and nimble. Beside each packer arc great piles of shining boxes with loosened lids. Small boys constantly qf Sweden pass from table to table saucily squirt ing a portion of oil from great cans into each of the open boxes. Pans of fish are continually being set before these women and girls, who handle the delicate morsels with marvellous dexterity and care, filling a box and adjusting the lid —im augenhlickX or the wink of an eye, as the Germans would say, for which the average price paid is ren cents per case of 100 boxes. From this room of chatter, laughter and toil they are passed the sealing room; 5,000 to 10,000 boxes at a time are then subjected to a ste a m , or boiling water “ bath” about three hour’s duration ; they are again cooled, then “ tested,” then shovelled back and forth in great banks of clean sawdust until the boxes shine like polished silver and are then cased and ready for the market, good enough for anybody for what they really are, but under the the more palatable guise of superla tively superior and superfine “ French” SCENES AT THE W E IRS. Here, then, is the herring fisher’s home, and his market at home. While the latter gives an ever chang ing reward, it is never chang ing itself, and the fisher, after all, regulates his own compensation. If the catches are bountiful he will sell cheaply, but never for less than profit. If they are light he often secures ex orbitant compensation, for the com petition is always brisk, and the fac tories must be kept running. In the year all this, as to fisher and factory, adjusts Itself fairly enough. Each factory has its “ boatmen.” These men, who principally live at Eastport and Lubec, are graduate quoddy fish ers. They have their quoddy boats and crews, and their duties are to scurry about among the weirs and keep their factories supplied with her ring at the lowest possible price, but always supplied. You were never at auction room or busy market where greater animation or spirit are exhibited than are daily found at these weirs. Here wait the fishers with their her ring. No one questions whether were got by illegal “ driving” and ling” or by the less exciting weir method. On the one side are the factory “boatmen,” loud, bluster ing, important and always rampant “ bears” of the market. On the other, the quiet, canny fishers, who have a way of knowing just what the “catches” have been from Machlasport to St. Andrews, and they are always stubborn “ bulls.” Herring buying is without exception a cash transaction. The fish are oecassionally purchased low as ^3 per hogshead, but oftener at $30, averaging about $8, while ex cited bidding over light hauls has run them up to §50. Ten “ baskets” make a hogshead, and a hogshead of herring will usually mske about fourteen cases (1,400 boxes) of sardines, for which manufacturers receive, at the factory, the average price of $5 per case. The largest weirs are in Irish channel, alongside Deer Island, and on the southern shore of Grand Manan. In April, when the herring shoals first, arrive, tremendous hauls are often made, that at “ Wall Stewart’s” weir, in Irish channel, being most famous, lor “more’n’ a hundred hogsheads was took.” Undoubtedly as many people are wholly, or partially, dependent on sar dine making as upon herring fishing. Wherever factories ’ ’ ''d located ol young are employed without dis tinction in the various processes of the work, Regular employment “by the day” is furnished to but rew, :arly all the labor being done “by the piece.” The arrival of the her ring sloops at all hours of the day and night—for the “ catches” and conse quent buying of the hen ing are de pendent on the ever changing tide—is announced by the shrill whistle of the factory. Then the hamlet, which is at every other hour an apparently de- deserted village, seems suddenly re populated. From eyery quarter, and almost from miles away, suddenly appear erst invisible hosts. The place seems bewitched and as though all its folks were mad. Half dressed, frowsy women, bold, bad boys and the sauc iest, handsomest bare legged girls you ever beheld, all join in a wild endeavor for precedence. As if by magic the old shed of a factory swarms with panting racers and resounds with the hum of voices and the merry chatter and clamor of welcomed toil. From the sloops the herrings arc unloaded by rope and tackle upon the wharves, one basket at a time, “ tally” being kept by both the boatman and the :ept by boss of baskets are 1 whoop and the establishment. These ustledstled t hu to the shed with ind, while the iployed in sardine packing ' att differentifferent factories,ctor] if slightly vary a d fa you followed the handsome herring through d format’— formation into a sai ’ what you would observe. of its trans- ine this is practi- M isfobtijnes are certainly pouring qpon European royalty. The aged German emperor is daily growing feebler, while his son is dying of can cer. Bavaria’s Eing Ludwig died in sane, and was succeeded by a ruler lardly less orasy, and now the queen has become a lunatic. PUERTO DE LIMON. Nearly four hundred years ago an old sailor coasted along the eastern shore of Costa Rica in a bark not much larger than a canal boat, search ing for a passage to the western sea. He had a bunk built in the bow of his little vessel, where he could rest his weary bones and look out\ upon the world he had discovered. There was little left of him but his will. He had explored the whole coast from Yucatan to Trinidad, and found it an unbroken line of continued—a contra diction of all his reasoning, a defiance of all his theories, and an impassabh obstacle to the hopes he had cherished for thirty years. The geography of the new world was clear enough in his mind. The earth was a globe; there was no doubt of it; and there must be a navigable belt of water around it. So he grouped along, seek ing the passage he felt should be there, erasing into each river, and following the shore lines of each gulf and bay. Instinctively he hovered around the narrowest portion of the continent, where was but a slender strip of land, upheaved by some mighty convulsion, to shatter his theories arid defy his dreams. It was the most pathetic picture in all history. Finally, over come by age and infirmity, he had to abandon the attempt, and fearing to re turn to Spain without something to sat isfy the avarice of his sovereign, surren dered the command of his little fleet to, his brother Bartholomew, and wept while the carnival of murder and plun der, that was to last three years, was Among other points visited for bar ter with the Indians was a little har bor, In which were islands covered with limes, and Columbus marked the place upon his chart “ Puerto de Limon.” To-day it is a collection of cheap wooden houses and bamboo huts, with wharves, ware-houses, and railway shops, surrounded by the most luxurious tropical vegetation, alive with birds of gorgeous plumage, venomous reptiles and beautiful tiger cats. Here and there about the place are patches of sugar cane aijd groups of cocoanut trees, with the wide spreading bread fruit that God gave to the tropical savage as He gave rice and maise to his northern brother, and the slender graceful rubber-tree, whose frosty- colored, mottled trunk looks like the neck of a giraffe. It scarcely casts a shadow ; but the banana, with its long pale green plumes, furnishes plenty of shelter for the palm-thatched cabins, the naked babies that play around them, and the half-dressed women who seem always to be snoozing in Surrounding the city for a radius of three score miles is a jungle full of patriarchal trees, stately and vener able, draped with long moss and slender vines that look like the rigging of a ship. Xheir limbs are covered with wonderful orchids, as bright and radiant as the plumage of the birds, the Espiritu Santo and other rare plants being as plentiful as the dairies in a New England meadow. There is another flower elsewhere unknown, called the “ turn-sol,” which in the morning is white and wax-like, re sembling the camellia, but at noon has turned to the most vivid scarlet, and at sunset drops off its stem. This picture is seen from shipboard through a veil of mist—miasmatic vapor—in which the lungs of men find poison, but the air plants food. It reaches from the breast of the mountains to the foam-fringed shore, broken only by the fleecy clouds that hang low and motionless in the atmosphere, as if they, with all the rest of nature, had sniffed the fragrance of the poppy and sunk to sleep. But in the mornings and the even ings, when the air is cool, Limon is a busy place. Dwarfish engines, with long trains of cars, wind down from the interior, laden with coffee and bananas. Half-naked roustabouts file back and forth across the gang planks, loading steamers for Liverpool, New York and New Orleans. The coffee is allowed to accumulate in the ware houses until the vessels come, but the bananas must not be picked until the last moment, at telegraph notice, the morning the steamer sails. Trains of cars are sent to the side tracks of every plantation, and are loaded with the half-ripe fruit still glistening with dew. There are often as many as 50,000 bunches on a single steamer, repre senting 6 , 000,000 bananas, but they are so perishable that more than half the cargo goes overboard before its destination is reached. — Harper’s Magazine, Meanness in Social Life. Ladies who would faint if accused of pilfering do not hesitate to rob their neighbors of cooks and nurses Ladies who would be morally offended if charged with meanness or envy covet the good servants that their friends enjoy, and adopt no end of tricky and mean ways to secure them for them selves. Everything is fair in love and war and in housekeeping is the motto of many a dame who paases for a model of deportment and the best of wives and mothers. —Jmwh Mmenger. Lincoin^s Prophetic Dream. Ward H. Lamon In tne Pniladelphla Times. There were only two or three listen ers. Mr. Lincoln was in a melancholy, meditative mood and had been silent for some time. ' Mrs. Lincoln, who was present, rallied him on his solemn vis age and want of spirit. Tbis seemed to arouse him, and without seeming to notice her sally, he said, in slow and measured tones: “It seems stran^ how much there is in the bible aboi dreams. There are, I think, some six teen chapters in the old testament and four or five in the new in which dreams are mentioned; and there are many other passages scattered throughout the book ■which refer to visions, we believe the bible we must accept the fact that in the old days God and his angels came to men in their sleep and made themselves known in dreams. Nowadays, dreams are regarded as very foolish, and are seldom told, ex cept by old women and young men and maidens in love.” Mrs. Lincoln here remarked: “Why ilieve in dreams f “I can’t say that I do,” returned Mr. Lincoln, “but I had one the other night which has haunted me ever since. After it occurred the first time I opened the bible, strange as it mi rear, it was on the twenty-fifi inter of Genesis, which relates to the wonderful dream Jacob had. I turned to other passages and seemed to encounter a dream or a vision wherever I looked. I kept on turning the leaves of the old book, and every where m y eye fell upon passages recording matters strangely in keeping .with my own thoughts—supernatural visitations, dreams, etc.” He now looked so serious and dis turbed that Mrs. Lincoln exclaimed : “You frighten me I What is the mat ter?” “I am afraid,” said Mr. Lincoln, observing the .effect his words had upon his wife, “that I have done wrong to mention this subject at all; but somehow the thing has got pos session of me, and, like Banquo’s ghost, it will not down.” This only inflamed Mrs. Lincoln’s curiosity the more, and while bravely disclaiming any belief in dreams she strongly urged him to tell the dream, which seemed to take such a bold u] him, being seconded in this by anot) listener. Mr. Lincoln hesitated, but at length commenced very deliberately, his brow overcast with a shade of mel ancholy. ‘About ten days ago,” he said, “I returned very late. I had been up waiting for important dispatches from the front. I could not have been long in bed when I fell into a slumber, for I was weary. I soon began to dream. There seemed to be a death like still ness about me. Then I heard subdued sobs, as if a number of people were weeping. I thought I left my bed and wandered down stairs. There the silence was broken by the same pitiful sobbing, but the mourners were in visible. I went from room to room. No living person was in sight, but the same mournful sounds cf distress met me as I passed along. It was light in all the rooms; every object was famil iar to me, but -where were all the peo ple who were grieving as if their hearts would break ? I was puzzled and alarmed. What could be the meaning of all this f Determined to find the cause of a state of things so mysterious and so shocking, I kept on until I arrived at the end room, which I entered. There I met a sickening ■prise. Before me was a catafalque, stationed soldiers, who were acting as guards; and there was a throng of lople, some gazing mournfully upon e corpse, whose face was covered ; others weeping pitifully. ‘Who is dead in the White House ?’ I demand ed of one of the soldiers. ‘The presi dent,’ was his answer. ‘He was killed by an assassin!’ Then came a large burst of grief from the crowd, which awoke me from my dream. I slept no more that n ight; and although it was only a dream, I have been strangely unoyed by it ever since.” “That is horrid!” said Mrs. Lincoln. “I wish you had not told it. I am d I don’t believe in dreams or I luld be in terror from this time forth.” “Well,” responded Mr. Lincoln, on which rested a corpse wrapped in funeral vestments. Around it were thoughtfully ; “it is only Mary. Let us say no more t and try to forget aU about it.” a dream, i about it. What to Teach Your Boys. Teach them how to earn money. Teach them to be strictly truthful. Teach them to be polite in their manners. Teach them history andj political economy. Teach them arithmetic in aU its branches. Teach them to avoid tobacco and strong drink. Teach them to ride, drive, jump, run and swim. Teach them careful and correct busi ness habits. Teach them how to get the most for their money. Teach them by example how to do things well. Teach them to avoid profane and indecent language. Teach them habits of cleanliness and good order. Teach them the care of horses, wag ons and tools. LANDING THE EMIGRANTS, Castle Garden’s Methods of Transfer ring and Protecting the Wanderers to Oat Shores—The JLanding Barean. From the New York DaUy Star. Three million seven hundred and fifty thousand eight hundred snd twenty-four immigrants have been landed up to date at the emigrant landing depot at the Castle Garden wharf since 1873 . In other words over one-twentieth of t’ne entire population of tliu ited States has, within four teen years, been landed at Castle Gar- The entire management of this im mense transfer of human lives is de pendent upon the genial mannered Captain John E. Moore and his effi cient clerk, Mr. George W- Essilinger, who was born in Castle Garden, father at the time being one of the officers in charge who had his apart ments in the building. Mrs. Esailii ger, the mother of George, is to-day the matron, who has charge of the German and S-wedish immigrants seek ing employment in the Labor Bureau. To thoroughly understand the im mense interests that are at stake in this, the greatest transfer business in the world, it is necessary to enter into statistics. There are twenty-four steamship lines that land passengers at Castle Garden. A complete re cord of these is kept from their de parture from Europe, as the agents at the different ports telegraph to the agents here of the various companies how many emigrants are on each ship. When they are landed here a complete record is kept of each passenger, where he or she came from and what their destination. The landing system is as perfect as it is possible to make it. No sooner is a steamer reported off Eire Island lightship or Sandy Hook than a swift tug is dispatched by Captain Moore to get the mails. These tugs are in charge of the ablest and most careful pilots. They have full steam on night and day, as they are liable to bo called on at any moment, either to tow a steamer out, aid one in distress, or hurry down and get the 'mails. No sooner do they run alongside of a big ocean mail steamer than the bags of letters and papers are thrown on of the ship hands out copies of his lists of passengers for the agent of the steamer’s line. This accounts for the fact that before a steamer has got to her dock the lists of passengers are already in type. A big ocean steamer having on board from 900 to 1,000 passengers is often detained several hours at quarantine, lly if the passengers hai dirty, and infected Italy. the steamer is sighted coming up. Captain Moore will dispatch either the transfer boats Starr, Moore or Rosa, each having in tow an immense barge. On board there will be the Custom House officers and the boarding officers especially appointed by the Commis sioners of Emigration. These are Messrs. Philip Wegner, Charles Eich- ler, Philip Hurlich, George Whitlock, James Gould and John Maison. In no other country in the world is there extended such protection and assistance to the stranger on landing than is given by the Commissioners of Emigration here. It is the duty of the boarding officers to inquire of all the passengers as to their treatment on board the ship while coming out; then as to their destination and condi- Many young, innocent girls would have been entrapped and ruined, if not lost forever, but for the care of the officers. They will learn either through the purser, steward, a sailor or passen gers, that such and such a young girl came aboard alone, and is at that time about to leave the ship with a man who has openly boasted of whsi he can get for her in New York, or with a procuress, many of whom annually cross the ocean. The hfrftirding officers say nothing, but await the landing of the passen gers at the Castle Garden wharf. Then Superintendent Jackson or Cap tain Heinzeman is notified. As the young woman and her attendant leave the transfer boat they are both quietly taken into a room. The young woman generally breaks down and innocently tells how she met her companion. If it is a man he is summarily disposed of. If a procuress she is taken to the Tombs. If the young women admit that they came to this country with the full knowledge of what was wanted of them, they are taken to Ward’s Island and sent back to the land they came from, at the expense of the steamship company that brought them out, as “not desirable immigrants.” Then, again, not a day passes but what these boarding officers discover cases of the utmost destitution—crip ples, idiots, paupers, sent out from Europe to die here. As there is al- idy enough of poverty in this land bhout importing more, these unfor tunates are at once separated from the* other passengers and sent to Ward’s Island to be returned to the govern ment that sent them to the land of the A more distressing, exciting scene cannot be imagined than one that took place a few days ago when seven steamers, having ten thousand pas sengers among them, coming from Italy, Spain, France, Germany, Nor way, and the British isles, were landed simultaneously at Castle Garden. The steamers coming in before sun set had the law on their side, and com* especially if the passengers hall from sunny, dirty, and infected Ita As polled the Commissionent of Emigra tion to remove the immigrants frotm the ships. To the companies it was a saving of hundreds of dollars. Td th6 commissioners it was the herding of people in a worse way than cattle— an awful confusion in every part of the Garden. To dispose of all was a harculean task, but it was done. Cap tain Moore dispatched all his barges, transfer boats snd tugs to the several Superintendent Jackson, Oaptiun Heinzeman, Clerks Van Duseh, Neig- lutsch and Murphy prepared for the rush. Matrons Boyle and Essilinger took their alloted places, and great, big, noble-hearted. Father Biordan was ready to meet the devil, if need be. One boat after the other came. There were Italians, Greeks and Turks, Spaniards and French, Ger mans—and by this we mean that vast territory of the great German empire, with its different dialects. Then came Norwegians, Swedes and Danes, Eng lish, Irish and Scotch; and had the Tower of Babel suddenly toppled over in New York nothing more confusing could have been imagined. Cool, coir lected Commissioner Stephenson, quiet, pleasant-faced Commissioner Starr, sympathetic, gentlemanly Commission er Hauselt, were all there. Employees must not lose their temper or abuse immigrants, no matter how insolent they may be. All have to be registered at landing, as a matter of precaution; and it is as tonishing how many linguists hold humble positions of this kind at Castle Garden, No sooner is a passenger registered and his or her destination entered in the receiving- book than they are passed on to the railroad agents. These men are are all in uniform, and one, Adam Scheller, is a linguidist, who directs the immigrant to the road he has to take. It is amusing and at the same time pathetic to notice how few of the thou sands who land know anything about this country. Many and many land here thinking that the United States is like any European country—a few hun dred miles in extent. When some are told that it takes five and six days by railroad to go to California they stand aghast. Many have thought that Chicago was an adjunct of New York, and as to M innesota, 'Dtah, Nebraska, why, it would only take a few hours at most to get there. These are the people who, landing here, will in the course of a few years have their vineyards in Oaliforn^ their wheat fields in Minnesota, their orange groves in Florida. They will get rich tilling the soil, raising cotton, and rail roads will have to be built to rapidly transfer for exportation the fruits of the labor of the humble immigrants landed at Castle Garden. Marvelous Electricity. -Wbat Can it Not Be Made to Ho ? An Illustration. From Eire ana Water. Electricity is each day becoming more and more an important factor in the world’s economy. It has already made itself indispensable in numerous ways, and no one can dare to set a limit to its use in the future. It trans mits messages, enables peisons to talk together although widely separated, is demonstrating its capacity as a motive power, and in a thousand and one ways is catering to man’s necessities, Mr. Johnson, president of the Edi son electric light company, has re- :ntly erected a magnificent residence on the Sound, near Greenwich, Conn., and has there made almost every ap plication of electricity that has yet been conceived. His house stands on an eminence 340 feet above the sea, and so many electric lights have been introduced about the house and ground, that it forms the most con spicuous objeet along the coast at night. Brilliant lights have been placed about the house in the greatest profusion, and upwards of zoo illumi nate the veranda and lawn, while the lawn tennis grounds are made as bright at night as they are in the daytime. But the subtle fluid is made to do much other work besides giving light. It pumps the water from six wells upon the place, it opens gates, it sends signals of various kinds through the house and grounds, it works an organ, it regulates the temperature of the house in summer and winter, it curry combs the horses, it runs and lights up a fountain, it makes ice, and does many other marvelous things. Five hundred incandescent lights are used in and about the house, those lighting the main hall being concealed in the ceil ing and sending their light through beautifully stained glass, so that one is puzzled to know where the subdued light comes from. The fireplaces are fitted up with stained glass imitations of live coals, and these are lighted by electricity, thus representing a glowing coal fire. These lights are controlled individually or 'singly by means of a switchboard which any one can use. A forty horse power engine drives the dynamo that supplies the electricity thus used, in addition to which there is a battery of 150 cells, giving a ten horse-power current. ‘ An electric motor drives a fan which is connected with pipes leading through the house, and when the thermostats placed in the different rooms indicate that the temperature is too high, the fan is set in motion automatically, and a draught of cool air is diffused throughout the house. In winter warm air is distrib uted in a similar manner. Experi ments with electric motors are being made in various cities, and it will not be long before we shall see our street cars propelled by electricity. When this is done, means will have been dis covered for generating electricity so so cheaply that it will be economy to use it as a motive power in workshops and factories. This universal forqc is yet to play a far more important part in the industries of this country than has yet been dreamed of. Have you taken a cold? Tou can cure itiwomptJ wnn Ayer’s OberryFectoraL Tbes»I«$wo»a|- tbioat and luus troubles.
