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ORT VOL. L. FT. COV1NGTON, N. Y., THURSDAY, APRIL 11. 1936. NO. 51. News Review of Current Events the World Over Nye's Committee Offers Drastic \War-Profit Bill^-Xustria Decides to Enlarge Its Army-—Progress of European Peace Negotiations. By EDWARD W. PICKARD ®, Western Newsjwipef Union. S ENATOR GERALD P. NYE'Smuni- tions committee, which has spent seven months Investigating the doings of the manufacturers of arms and armament, reported to the senate its meas- ure designed to take the profits out of war and provide for the conscription of in- dustry in the event of another armed con- flict involving the United States. The bill is decidedly dras- tic, giving to the President in war time Senator Nye power s that are prac- tically dictatorial, permitting him not only to fix prices but also to license all Industry and control raw mate- rials. It .also has taxation features that will arouse considerable opposi- tion. It would raise individual income taxes to 6 per cent In wartime, levy surtaxes up to 94 per cent on incomes in excess, of $10,000, and seize profits of corporations in excess of 6 per cent return on invested capital. The Nye bill gives the President very broad powers to fix prices of commodities, to license industry, to en- join profiteering and to prevent the hoarding of goods. It provides for the drafting of industrial leaders, who would be permitted to remain with their companies, subject to military law and given rank and compensation not exceeding that of a brigadier gen- eral. Meanwhile the house military affairs •committee reported the McSwain bill, similar to the senate measure but without the tax features. This lack made the more radical members angry fcut when they tried to amend the bill they were routed, 2?8 to 71. The Nye senate committee, after re- porting its bill, continued Its inquiry. It heard a rather sensational \bhr of -evidence to the effect that Roger S. McGrath, an insurance company agent who was described as a friend of the President's son James, had sought suc- cessfully to obtain two naval building -contracts for the Bath Iron Works up in Maine. F OLLOWING the example set by Hitler, Austria'has decided to dis- regard the limitations on its military strength set by the treaty of St Ger- main and to Increase Its armed forces Immediately. The official communique Issued by Chancellor Kurt Schuschnigg -did not say how big the army would be or whether conscription would be restored. The annual spring parade of the army at the Ringstrasse In Vienna •was revived, and the troops appeared in fine new uniforms. It is believed Hungary and Bulgaria soon will ask permission to increase their armies and re-introduce con- scription. S OVIET Russia is ready to line np with Great Britain, France and Italy In promoting the general Euro- pean security pact which Is the basis of England's plan for peace. This was \ 'brought out by the visit to Moscow of Capt. Anthony Eden, British lord privy seal, and his confer- ences with Dictator Josef Stalin and Max- im Litvinov, Soviet foreign commissar. Ac- cording to the Joint communique given the M. Litvinov pregg tneg e state8 . men \were of the opinion that in the present international situation it is more than ever necessary to pursue the •endeavor to promote the building up of a system of collective security in Eu- rope as contemplated in the Anglo- French communique of the. third . f February, and in conformity with the principles of the League of Nations. 1 It was made clear that Germany and Poland would be welcome to enter the arrangement, but that it would go ahead even without them. Captain Eden then went on to War- caw to talk things over with the Poles; •and even as he was departing from Moscow the Soviet press launched an- other fierce attack on Germany. Michael Tukhachevsky, vice commissar for defense, In an article in the news- paper Pravda, declared Germany would have an army of 849,000 by the sum mer, exceeding the French army by 40 per cent and almost equaling the Soviet army In size. He charged Hitler with \lulling France to sleep\ with anti-Soviet war talk In the hope France would not realize her own peril. V Tukhachevsky's view that Germany contemplates attacking France was supported by an authorized article In the weekly Journal de Moscou which asserted the leaders of the relch real- ised \the exceptional risk to which Ger- many would subject herself by invasion of tlie tremendous territories of the U. S. S. It.—a country possessing powerful armaments and unlimited opportunities for improving and increasing th< armaments.\ ••It Is almoit probable,\ the Journal •aid. \that under certain circumstances HfcUer will prefer other fields of ag- gression, and an Intensified revision of the map of Europe will be started not in the east but in the west,\ P REMIER MUSSOLINI Is highly skeptical of the success of efforts to persuade Germany to enter into gen- eral peace plans for Europe. In his newspaper, Popolo d'ltalia, appeared an editorial, probably written by il duce himself, warning his fellow countrymen that no miraculous results may be expected from the conference of foreign ministers In Stresa. It as- serted that the western European pow- ers \must stabilize their line of com- mon action against several eventuali- ties which can be foreseen, and they must take definite responsibility.\ It then charged that the French and British are impeding Mussolini's wish to take action against Hitler because of their preoccupation about their own internal policy. Premier Flandin and Foreign Min- ister Laval of France were reported to have devised a vast, new, flexible plan to organize the peace of the continent within the framework of the League of Nations. DOLAND appears to have decided to 1 play a lone hand in the European embroglio, though she remains friend- ly to Germany. It Is reported that Captain Eden's visit to Warsaw was as disappointing as was that of Sir John Simon to Berlin. The Polish government is determined to sign no pact that would commit the nation to fight for Russia against Germany or for Germany against Russia and France, nor will It permit either Ger- man or Russian troops to* be trans- ported across Poland. The Polish statesmen say they will sign a series of bilateral pacts, and will go as far as any other nation in parallel disar- mament. They assert that they have no alliance with Germany, though their mutual troubles have been settled for the next ten years, and that the alli- ance with France still holds good. EfROM Tokyo there came a state- \ ment indicating that Japan would give at least moral support to the European powers that are seeking agreements to coun- teract Hitler's move for the re-armament of Germany. It was given out by Eiji Amau, the frequently quoted spokesman for the foreign office. He said Japan will hold aloof from the Euro- pean crisis and that there would be no far eastern Locarno pact, but that \we cannot Eljl Ama u think of any alliance with Germany.\ Tokyo, asserted Amau, Is ready to dis- cuss with Russia some degree of de- militarization of the eastern frontiers. FOREIGN nations that discriminate '\ against American imports hate been warned by President Roosevelt that they must discontinue that prac- tice under penalty of economic re- prisals by the United States. In a let- ter to Secretary of the Treasury Mor- genthau the President outlined his for- eign trade policy and disclosed the fact that the administration is considering denouncing existing trade pacts with Germany, Italy, Portugal, and Denmark because of discrimination. He pro- claimed the new Belgian-American reciprocal trade agreement, and alsi decreed that, pending the conclusion of negotiations for new pacts now in progress, the reduced duties and other concessions granted Belgium will be extended to Canada, Spain, The Neth- erlands, Switzerland and Lichteostein for six months. FYEBATE on the Copeland-Tugwell *~* food, drug, cosmetic and adver- tising bill was lively in the senate, and the opposition was led by a Democrat, Josiah W. Bailey of North Carolina, who urged the retention of the present food and drug law with such amend ments as changed conditions require. \I understand the Department of Ag- riculture was created to foster agri culture and not to govern advertising,' Senator Bailey said. \It is Inconceiv- able to me that it should take charge of medicine, cosmetics, and advertis- ing. There might be an argument that the department has made such great triumphs in agriculture that it is seek- ing new worlds to conquer. But I be- lieve that if some one should make that boast, I should agree that it had ex- ceeded Samson in the slaughter oi tttgs, but had fallen far short of doing as good work in the matter of cotton as has the boll weevil.\ S TANLEY REED, the new Bollcitoi general, obtained from the Supremi court permission £0 dismiss the goveri ment's appeal In the Belcher lumbeT code case. Therefore there 1 probabl; will be no decision as to the constitu- tionality of the national Industrial re- covery act by the chief tribunal before congress takes action on the bill to ex- tend the recovery law. the Illinois legislature, at the behest of Governor Horner and the federal administration, passed state recovery act the New Dealers hailed this as an example that all states should follow. Now County Judge Homer W. Hall at Bloomlngton held that the act is unconstitution- al. He also declared the national auto- mobile code Inoperative as applied to Illinois. Under the state recovery act, the Judge remarked, an unlawful delega- tion of the authority of the state leg- islature has brought about a situa- tion whereby violations of the state act can be prosecuted by the state mly through the sanction and by the authority of the federal director of codes. T HROUGH the efforts of Donald Richberg, chairman of the NIRB, an agreement was reached by the bituminous coal operators and the United Mine Workers, whereby the prevailing coal code is extended to June 16 and a threatened strike of about half a million miners averted. The present wages and hours of work are continued. President Lewis of the miners insisted the union had not yielded to the operators; but the fact remained that If it had not consented to the agreement Mr. Richberg could and would have extended the code by executive order. Sand Storms Cause Ruin to Farm Crops Dental Hygiene - 88 \ The Read to Health 1 By DR. R. ALLEN GRIFFITH A scene near Beaver, Okla., showing sand and dust blown up and around a farm home. The dust storms have caused almost complete ruin to farm crops In several states. COL. JOHN BUCHAN S CORES of agents of the Department of Justice's division of investigation were carrying on a concentrated search for three men^now listed as the worst \public enemies\ ; at large, according to Chief J. Edgar Hoover. The three are: Alvin Karpls, twenty-five, a lead- er in the notorious Barker-Karpis kid- nap and bank robber^rfeang; Raymond Hamilton, twenty-two, killer who broke jail while awaiting execution, and Thomas H. Robinson, Jr., twenty- eight, kidnaper of Mrs. Alice Speed Stoll, wealthy young society matron of Louisville, Ky. O NE of America's leading sculptors, Augustus Lukeman, died in New York at the age of sixty-four years. After Borglum was ousted by the Con- federate memorial committee in 1925, Lukeman took over the work of carv- ing the huge memorial on the face of Stone mountain IB Georgia, completing it in 1928. He was chief of sculptors at the World's fair in Chicago. O BEYING alleged directions from the yacht on which President Roosevelt was fishing in Florida wa- ters, the majority in the house refused to accept the restrictions injected In the work relief bill and sent it back to conference to have these removed. The restrictions objectionable to the administration were those requiring senate confirmation of administrative officers of the program and that in loans and grants to states at least one- third of the money should be expended for direct labor. The latter require- ment, according to Secretary Ickes and others, would result in the exclusion of rural electrification, slum clearance and similar projects. Defending the move to send the bill back to conference, Buchanan of Geor- gia said: \The President is assuming responsibility. All we ask is to give him a bill that he can work on in shift- ing from dole to employment\ In replying to Buchanan, Represent- ative Robert Bacon (Rep., N. Y.) con- tended that the labor provision was needefl in order to \kick out pet local projects\ and afford as much direct relief of unemployment as possible. \Congress has reached a pretty low ebb,\ declared Minority Leader Ber- trand Snell (Rep., N. Y.), \when it can't even pass on a conference report without receiving orders from the Chief Executive.\ F OR the second time the United States Supreme court reversed the convictions and death sentences of two of the Scotttsboro negroes who were ac- cused of assault on two white girls. The court held that since negroes in Alabama are not permitted to serve on juries, they are denied \equal pro- tection of the laws\ in violation of the Fourteenth amendment It declared the state court erred in not quashing the indictments. This was a big victory for the col- ored race, but In another decision by the Supreme court the negroes were the losers. The tribunal ruled that the Democratic party In Texas is a voluntary association, not subject to control by the state legislature, and as such may exclude colored persons from voting In Its primaries. D IRECT negotiations with Italy over the border dispute were broken off by the Ethiopian government, which sent a new note to the League of Nations. Special measures wen* taken to protect foreigners in Addis Ababa. The Italian government did not take this rupture seriously, still hoping a peaceful arrangement might be reached without the intervention of the league. N INETEEN cardinals\ met with Pope Pius in a secret consis- tory, and to them he delivered an em- phatic denunciation of war, which, he said, \would be so enormous a crime, so foolish a manifestation of fury, we believe it absolutely Impossible.\ If, however, tiiere is someone who wishes to commit \this nefarious crime,\ then, the holy father said, he could do noth- ing else than pray to tJod to \destroy those people who desire war.\ The consistory approved the canon- ization of Blessed Thomas More. King Henry vni's chancellor, and Bishop John Fisher of England, who lost their heads for opposing Henry's marriage to Anne Boieyn. Col. John Buchan, the author, will succeed Lord Bessborough as gover- nor-general of Canada. He i$ the first commoner to be appointed to the post Losses Total Many Millions, Observers Say The scene above, taken near Beaver, Okla., Is typical of the havoc caused by severe dust storms in several west- ern states. Sand and dust have been blown up like snow around the houses, fields have been covered, ditches drift- ed full of dust, and in many places r.,ads have been completely covered by the flying sand and dust. Crop losses will total millions, ac cording to experts. In many districts, It is reported that farmers, discour- aged in their battle against adverse conditions, have started moving away from their farms. Many of them have no idea where they will go, but are concerned only with getting away from the dust area. They were able to weather through last year, but com- plete loss of crops and lack of feed for live\ stock have forced them to abandon their homes. , Many'plans to averr these storms In the future are being studied, and gov- ernment experts are making numer oue experiments. Most of these, how- ever, will require considerable time- NEW CHIEF NAVIGATOR Rear Admiral Adolphus Andrews has been named chief of the bureau of navigation In the navy. DENTAL PAIN KILLING to put into operation, and promise no Immediate relief to the distressed farmers in the storm section. Grain prices have been rising as a re- sult of the dust storms. DeutschlancPs Leaders Parade Reminiscent of days before the war is the scene at, the right showing Ger- many's \Big Six\ on parade. These men, constituting the real rulers of th» 4*4eh, are: left to right, front row, 'd Marshal Von Mackensen, Chan- cellor Adolph Hitler and War Minis- ter Von Blomberg. Rear row, General Fritsch, General Goering and Admiral Raeder. Since Hitler's announcement that Germany would raise a huge conscript army of more than a half-million men, the nation has gone wild over military displays. Von Mackensen, Von Blomberg, Fritsch, and Raeder were all high officers in the old imperial army. Goering, now premier of Prussia, was one of Germany's flying aces during the war, while Hitler, now leader of the German nation, served as a lowly corporal. T HE fear of pain is man's heritage. An American dentist reduced that heritage forever by making the first practical use of nitrous oxide (laughing gas) as an anesthetic Anesthesia really was discovered on December 11, 1844, by Horace Wells, a dentist of Hartfcfrd, Conn., when be offered himself as a possible martyr to suffering humanity, by inhaling nitrous oxide and having a tooth ratractedi In January, 1845, Doctor Wells took his discovery to Boston and operated be- fore the medical college. He was ridi- culed and pronounced a fraud. The wise men of Boston pointed the finger of mockery and cried \humbug de- termined to break upon the rocks of derision any man from the country who* supposed the wise men of the city ri- diculous enough to believe his story. Dentists In their eagerness to relieve human suffering and pain, have for years .successfully used local anesthet- ics such as cocaln and novocain. m later years they have developed the use of a combination of nitrous oxide and! oxygen, the safest general anesthetic known. The death rate from nitrous oxide and oxygen is estimated at one in a mfilion, against one In thirty thou- sand in ether. Dentistry's latest gift to suffering mankind Is conductive anesthesia or nerve blocking, by which the area con- trolled by a nerve Is* rendered insen- sible to pain. Surgery is now able to perform major operations such as laparotomies and amputations by in- jecting the nerve trunks with novo- cain. What would be man's fear and dread of dental and surgical operations without the gracious sleep of an- esthesia? \ \ - Through anesthesia, dentistry has given to humanity one of Its greatest boons, and it is hard to conceive that in the past few years, bills have been introduced in some of our state legis- latures to prevent dentists from giving anesthetics. However, it is only in line with the profound scientific ignorance of politicians. The dentist has succeeded in taking the \dent\ out of dentistry. Where a* individual suffers from pain in* his teeth, it is his own fault. The modern up-to-date dentist has so many ways of relieving pain that no one need to> suffer from their teeth. His latest and greatest gift to humanity, however, is the prevention of systemic disease through the proper care of the teeth. Proper dental care will not only pre- vent pain and preserve the teeth' bat will preserve general health as welL * * * TEETH AND TONSILS One of Latest Type of British Submarines This monster British submarine is the Severn, recently launched at Barrow. It is shown against a background of Mount Arrochar, at Loch Long, Scotland. Plan \Modeltown\ for San Diego Fair Austin L. Black of the Federal Housing administration looks HUe a giant along- side this experimental miniature house. It Is one of 56 miniature houses that will make up a \Modeltown\ planned for the exposition at San Diego by the Federal Housing administration. LOEB FEVER MACHINE This machine uses short radio ware* to produce fever In the body of a patient, a treatment that has mfet wJtb considerable success in treating cer- tain diseases. \\ THEN you smile In a mirror what W do you see? Do you see a clean, healthy mouth and a row of pearls, or a neglected oral cavity with decaying, uncared-for teeth? The mucous membrane of the mouth is highly resistant to the invasion of bacteria. If this were not true, we would all be in constant trouble from mouth infections, for it is easy to demonstrate that every mouth in any civilized community contains a great variety of bacteria, most of them of highly virulent strains. During the past few years It has been the practice to remove the ton- sils, but to overlook their source of infection, the teeth. Let us see how the tonsils become Infected. The substance of healthy tonsils is composed of small nodnles of lymphat- ic tissues arranged in groups of 12 to 15 crypts and connective tissue, blood - vessels and a few nerve fibers. From the crypts numerous follicles branch out into the substance of the tonsil by means of irregular channels. Surrounding each follicle is a plexus of lymphatic vessels, and the whole is covered by mucous membrane. While well protected from the oat- Side, yet, because of their peculiar construction and the numerous lymph- atic plexuses and crypts, they are ideal incubators for micro-organisms that may once succeed in penetrating the lymph channels. The lymphatic ves- sels of the gums terminate in the suh- maxilary glands. The lymphatic ves- sels leading from the plexuses sur- rounding the tonsilar crypts also pass to the submaxilary glands. It is there- fore readily seen that bacteria may pass almost directly from the gum margins to the tonsils. Bacteria passing into the lymph channels may easily pass on to the tonsils and be enormously multiplied, both In number and virulence, and be passed through the submaxiliary glands to the deep cervical glands, and finally on to other parts of the body without the surface of the ton- sil even being disturbed. This Is why the removal of the tonsils, while im- mediately helpful, does not always re- move the source of the trouble. T!» same condition still remains, and op- eration after operatlou frequently sue- ceed each other as the lowered resist- ance of some other point causes It to become Infected. If the teeth are properly cared for first, and the crypts of the tonsila carefully cleaned out, the tonsils may frequently be saved. In any erent tha teeth should be the first consideration, for in treating diseases resulting from focal infection the original point ot infection »tt»t te eradicated. _ C, W«*« * Newspajpw Vr.io*. I
