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MUSHED ivf RVMTUVDAY . 7AT-' , ' ftt.RKGIH I'Atl^B, rZBM^.$l,00 PZR TEAR, flTMCTLY IN ADVANtk AH tetters and eoannnnle«tl*nf tbesld bt a*. dr«w«d to * M. A. ROWELL, Editor and Publisher, Ht. Rett^ Fall*, X. 1'. t **OND A — > .}•:- N » - A - _ .1.... K , Devoted to HioCjal^Cews VOL. I. an:l Homo Int^estn. 6T. RE&IS FALLS, N. Y., SATURDAY. APRIL_ 30, 1887. Many California women cultivate fruit farms. They can do much of the work, mch ai picking, packing, making raisins •nd canning fuit. Crystal ized figs and apricot* are tho products of woman'* la- bor, as well ai jellies, jams and marma- lade*, which arc unit nil ovor the world. Dead wood claim* to bo the greatest Chincso town in tho country. The Mongols have drowned out opposition in the washee business, they compete suc- cessfully in tho silk, tea and other linen, rtfh ccstaurants, raiao pigs and chickens and patronize opium dens and joss houaca. t ! * Thq pronunciation of goographfeal namea changes according to, fashion, it often seems. Sometimes the spelling ia varied. Tlio last important change, ia a new spelling in Japan which places yo ia placo of to. Tokio has now be- come Tokyo; Kjoto, Kyoto; Hiogo, Hyogo, etc. Familiar names look new. .. _ _ cr^- Tho German governtnont ia not artt to 4 4 iro. off at half cock\ Sn its militn^cx- pendituros, and heneo thea&n^rirocomput that it has paid an inventor $260,000 for a steering apparatus for balloons ia a rea- sonable guarantee that a practical device has been thought out finally by which the chief obstacle to aerial navigation has been overcome. O Nebraska reports a remarkable case of long delay in bringing a murderer to tho gallows. The crime was committed fif- teen years ago, but the |>ody was not found for over a year, and it was ten IF I HAD KNOWN, r -\\ She lay With\ illlles on her puis*)** breast, Dim, woodland lilies wet with'sllvor dew, \Dear heart;' ho said, \in lifo she loved tbem best! *Sor her sweotsake the fragrant buds were blown, For her In April-haunted nooks tbey grew\— . . . Oh, love, if I had known I \If I had known, when yesterday we walked, Her hand in-line, along the hedges fair, That even then t to while we careless talked, The sliadow of » coming lorn was there, And death's cotdliand was leading us apart— If I had known the bud she, would not wear Nor f*uc|, lest she should mar that perfect grace, . • Today would presji its dewy, golden heart Agaiutt her poor, dejid face! \Last year, when A^ril woods were all aglow,\ '.' Bbo said, u if it be death to Call asleep,\ And, bending, l^issed the lilies sweet and wet, \A dreamlfps sleep from which none wake to weep- When I lio down to that long slumber, dear, And lifo for you has dark and empty grown, Come to me thon, and though I shall not hear, Lay your sod lips to mine, and whisper low: (If I had known! Oh, love, if I haxl 'known!) That you would not forget.\ — Adelaide D. Rollston, in The Current. ;rm ».il years before the murderer was arrested. Four years of the law's delay followed, the accused being thrco timcs'scntcnccd to bo hanged. Now tho Governor has signed the death warrant,and tho doomed man has apparently no further chance of cscaiic,-* , Tho United States Ordnance Depart- ment has been making some computa- tions of the weight of the equipment that a soldier is required to carry Mvhich show that when the tidier is equipped with rod, bayonet, rifle and cartridge belt, three day's cooltci,! rations, 100 rounds of'ball cartridges and \kit 1 ' of clothing lie carries a total weight of 5:1 pounds 2.58 ounces. With Springfield rifle, bayonet, scabbard, cartridge boxes and leather belt, clothiug and ammuni- tion, etc., the load is 54 pounds * a* «- , ... * 0 . - ,\ . rt speci 1 veiy over out scene 1.84 ounces, and with Springfield rifle, . goft plaint J train8 of bayonet, scabbard, cartridge belt, cloth ing, ammunition, etc., the weight is 53 pounds, 15.00 ouncts. \Tic coming woman has come. She is here—that is, sho is in Ronton, and the JUcoxd has found her and interviewed her on the house-cleaning question. \I nev- er «ean house,\ says Mrs. B.; \I used to rcac^a great dral about the beauties of never cleaning house, and alrout five years ago I determined to leave oft! my annual tornado and I accomplished it. My brother, who boards with us, says that I must \>c either a very tidy or a very-untidy pcr<son ft he can't decide which. Onclhing X k1*4V, my house is never torn to pieces and I never go around looking like the Witch of Endor. ,1 take one room to pieces at a lime, and sometimes I only take half a room at u time. . ~ ' .x ' — Tho unfailing and never misleading barometer of 4 commercial prosperity is the iron trade, and parlicifiajjy that all- important feature of it, steel rails. A survey of the whole area of production reveals a condition of activity which is actually unprecedented. A careful in- quiry show* thjat for the current year 21,- .147 miles of new .railroad track arc pro- jected, of which the laying of over 15,000 luilcs is assured. Of old track; no less than. 18,000 miles will be rclaid. . \ f **• This gigantic construct ion will require it,250#p00~~tons °f *luv\ rails, and it is easy tTo infer from these facts what,' for thc»enjluing twelve months, will bq tho general condition, North and South, of the iijon trade. -; ' . •'?•• r Could we but utilize all tho water power lifted from the ocean by the sun. beams and wafted by the zephers over the land. magn The* Convict's Daughter. . In the year 180— John flarlow started fdr San Francisco, Oil., on a tour of recreation from a long course of legal study. Nothing of special note occurred to relieve the tediousness of his journey; he arrived at his destination much shat- tered and fatigued. Immediate rest was needed, *o he sought o» boarding-house in a dull, quiet part of thecity.aud for some days enjoyed the seclusion and rest lie stood so much in need of. His meals were brought to his room, and therefore he had no opportunity to make the acquaintance of* his fellow-boarders. The house was runoy a matronly looking woman named Wcntworth,whose only weakness seemed to be her voluble tongue. Jlowcvcr, shd atonctf somewhat for this in the excellent qujfity of her menu, and, as this is the ramount object sought for in aboard- ig-house l whatever foibles she possessed n the eyes of her tenants were graciously overlooked. Her daughter, a comely young girl of seventeen years, assisted her, in the household duties and at evening usually entertained the house Vith pleasing music on the piano. One evening as ljfarlow . was enjoying a fragrant Havana in his room, and musing retro- spect uely over old scenes and faces, the \a delicato but' musical voice seemed to emanate from the parlor below. There was something in the tone of the voice that told him ho had never heard it there before. The air spoke volumes of sadness and breathed such pathos and distress that he turned involuntarily in his chair, and noticing in the mirror at the other side of tho room what a change it had wrought in his features, he jumped tip suddenly an(l was about.toshut out the 1 voico from his hearing, when it Suddenly stopped. The music ltiid piqued his eunoyity. He would know the owner of that pathetic voice. The charting of two women below told him UtHL some lady friend of Bertha— >lrs. Went worth's daughter—was prob- »bly paying her a friendly visit. Ho dressed himself hastily and repaired to the parlor, where, under the pretext of wishing to be tailed early in the morning, he had opportunity of speaking to Bertha. She seemed plowed to be of- service to him and invited him in. The Rubicon passed, he ^vas soon engaged in delecta- ble conversation with Cora Lane, to whom he had been introduced by Bertha. Of all fair faces he had ever seen here •was the fairest. There was an air of melancholy suffusing tho entire features that seemed in keeping with the sad, blue eyes, the cxprcsaion of which completely charmed him. Something indefinable in her sw«ct, gentle manner, felt its way deeply into his breast and caused it to beat with rapture. He could have sat for hours and contemplated her.lovely face, sq great was his infatuation., That night as he lay on his couch, with the picture of one fair face engrossing his, every thought, he felt, he knew, that Cora Lane was the only woman ho would ever love. It was late the next morning when, he arose, despite tho fact that Bertha had donc.lns bidding. • HisUrst'impulse was to rush to her ond learn all she khuw of Cora, but better judgment prevailed. He concluded to ascertain! through quiet inquiries all he could about his new-found love. Bcrtjia, however, anticipated him. She saw,with a woman's^mickness, the profound look of admiratiorfon his visage as he sat gaz run we create! In a recent paper to the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Mr. John Murray sought to givo the world's rain- fall in figures. , The areas of country having an inland drainage—equal to 11,- 48fi,350 square miles—receive 2,24:1 cubic miles of rain yearly. The total areas draining directly to the ocean equal 44,- 211,000 square miles, of' which 38,820,- 750 square miles have more than ten inches of annual rainfall, and discharge into the sea 0,501) cubic miles of water every year. By this means rather more than 0,0)0,000,000 ton* of solids are car- .ried to the ocean annually. • T|J/new#Mt fcaturo of wviid life in tUe extreme West is \tamale\ parties. Tho '\ramale\ is a Mexican invention. The eatable portion is composed of coarsely- hashed chiwken and a sort of dressing •made of eorn-jueal, raisins, pepper and olives. A small quantity of this mixture - enough to make a roll about the si/.eo( an ordinary car of Indian corn-is then covered with corn meal batter and rolled up in clean corn shucks. Tlfe shucks are firmly tied at each end, and the Janmlc then looks like a big ear of corn in the hu^k. A quantity of, famales so eon- Mructcd are then put into a kettle and boiled. When done it will be found that on opening out the corn-husks tho tatnalc is enveloped in 1 at corn meal crust ami looks like a small pudding boilcil in ;. bag. Must Americana like the dish fnun the start. When properly ufade it jv v«-ry *}>l*ti%iii|f f of her owh accord all that she knew. \Cora was employed as saleslady in a millinery establishment. She was twenty years old, was supposed to be an orphan, and came originally from the East.\ I This was all Bertha knew oi* her, al- ! though she dwelt eloquently on her ami- able manners and goodness of heart. Every night for two weeks Harlow saw his love safely homo, but not as an es- cort. He could not nerve himself to meet those great blue eyes, for he felt that the Venture would lead him to a passionate avowal of the love that was surging against his heart like a vast billow. No, he must sirive to beat down the vehement attachment that was a most consuming him and let time shape his fortunes. Harlow had passed two evenings at the house of Cora, and each time ho set eyes on her some new-born charm revealed it • self to his enamored vision. A ccrtairl uir of constant reserve in her demeanor awed down all efforts on his part to dir vulge the dictates of his heart. If th^J mellow gaze that wreathed her'faco at times conveyed to his mind the' looks of reciprocal affection, its relaxation into a moody, apathetic sfare dispelled the fe- licitous thought. Still, his manner and conversation appeared to pleaso and en- tertain her, and at times she grew elo- quent in her responses. One gentle moonlight evening, when the stars studded tho vaulted heaven with unwonted brilliancy and bracing l>rccf.cs stole softly through the trees and flowers, bringing with them tho in- vigorating influences of a balmy evening in May, Harlow unbosemed his heart,tp her. lie told her in impassioned tonus of his adoration; how life without her woula be a dismal blank; how he had watched htr night after night, and felt happy to know llmt he was close to the wniiiuii whom lie loved; how eagerly he U4 louked forward W the time whou fee could tell her all. She lUrrncd denture ly, with downcast eye*, but uttered; not a word. That she did not remonstrate with him reconciled him to the belief that the sifjccUon was mutual At last she spoko and her melodious veico thrilled him with delight. > She told him she dearly loved him, loved him for his kindness to her; that ever since she first saw him' his image was induTsolubly mingled with her day- dreams! every moment in his presence seemed an,hour of happiness to her. These endearing words threw off the restraint he had sustained, and in f the ardency of his fondness ho drew her to his side, and repeatedly kissed tho pale, upturned lips. \Cora you will be my wife,\ ho said, looking down upon her with unspeak- able joy, us if tho answer he sought was already his. She drew herself gently from lus cm- braco and tho gaze in her lovely eves appeared to pass over him to space be- yond. She spoko as if in a dream. \That tan never be,\ she uttered, at the samo time throwing her arms about him and sobbing bitterly, as if in deep anguish. '•>< To bo refused by a 'woman who had just avowed herself in love seemed a strango anomaly to him. A hundred conjectures filled his brain at that moment. Was her heart preocuppicd ? Was there a man on earth who adored Cora La no could she \Don't better for iiuu wiuicti uy mc zepners over . ----------\---—•«•« .-«.,,v, « Q m, o«t ^.i/.- ,1,'wlmt v,,st factorta. v igJ,t wo ! 'jnfui.iveTv Z^l^ 1™'°T W? . , intuitively surmising that ho wished^* AVhat magnified Niagaras might know something of her iriend, told hhW more than he did ? # Why aot bo his wife? ask .mo why, John. It is us if wo sco each other no more. Fdrgivc mo if I mako you un- happy, but It cah never be; to bo your wife would onljj bring sorrow and dis- tress to our home.\ Her enigmatical words puzzled him. \Cora dearest, J will forgive everything. Wo will start life anew; blot the past from your sight; only say you will be mine.\ She strove to answer, but the profound anguish in her bosom mocked all efforts to scorn. The look of melancholy «ad- ncss thut overspread her entire features told'Harlow that his lovo was hopeless. When he left that niuht with the arrow of deep disappointment sunk deop into his breast she exacted 11 vow from him never again to broach the subject of matrimony; but he left her with the sorry assurance that she loved him better than any one on earth. For a week Harlow never left his room. His sprightly, gay spirits vanished, and long fits of dejection supervened. If Bertha suspected the cause of the change in his appearance she never be- trayed it. Ho pleaded an attack of malaria, to which no said he was a victim; this was all he offered in explanation of liiA moodiness. At the end of his hermitage- a longing desire to sec his love airain reasserted itself. He tore nimsclf from his seclusion and went to her house. When ho entered, to his bewildered consternation ho learned sho^iad loft the city. A note the house,, request. He tremblingly tore open the envelope. The note read as follows: \In three years. CORA.\ v Every one of those words seemed us if written in fire. He was mystified be- yond reason. The thought, \Was she trifling with hisvaffectionsr\ took the place of all other\onsiderations. But where Vas the motrvr? Tho more he cogitated over the shortynoto the more he clothed it with an occult meaning. He left the lu>use, repaired to his room, and in the wreck of his life's hap- piness wopt poignant tears of woe. The Occident had no more charms for him; he determined to return East in the courso of a fortnight. Ho left San Francisco an altered man and»returned to his home, but the thought of Cora, ever present, in his mi no, drew a veil of sadness over his whole life. Some months afterward he finished his law studies and entered up- on his chosen profession. At the end of three years his life was just as void of luppincss as tho day when Cora told him it could never be. He resolved at last to once again visit the West and learn, if ppssible, her whereabouts.. When he arrived at ^an Francisco lie 7 called at the house where he had last seen her; she had never been heard from, and as far as the good lady could enlighten was handed .him by the lady of * which she gave him at Oofa'a, Mrs. Wentworth the same despair- him she-might be dead and her daughter told ing stary— she had almost dropped from their memory. The one grca't object of life now was to fiud her and learn from her own lips the meaning of those odd words: \In three years.\. If he failcd-i-alas! ho dared not con- template the consequences. Find her ho would, if it took years of constant search. Such is the love of some men* who in their constancy sacrifice years of happi- ness for the sake of one mortal. Not a stone was left unturned in his untiring search for her. but to no avail. No one could be found to give him one ray. of hope as -regards her whereabouts. But he found her at last—found her a new woman, even lovelier than ho had ever seen her. . What strange, impelling influence led him to visit San Qucptin he will never know. Was it a mere whim, a fancy, or was it the hand of fate striving to make amends for past discourtesies? . Saq Qucntin is a small town, situated on the bay of San Francisco. It took him but a short time to ascertain that there was nothing there to interest his atten- tion. But 8tay—the State's prison is lo- cated in this small village. Another train' did not arrive for two hours; why not pass the the time there? It was the extravagant desire of a morbid temperament. He had no idea that the sights there would interest him anymore than the commonplace realities of the village itself. He repaired to the prison. The warden was very kind and urbane—he could go through the prison if he so desired. An usher who esdorted rp m through the dif- ferent departments explained every point in the workings olf the place, but he listened indifferentlk'; he felt that not one of the hardened criminals he passed by could s bo more chopfallen than'h>>. In going out he had to pass by a waiting- room. He casually looked through a hole in the pane) ofjhe door that opened into that room. Irmlat room a sight met his gaze tho effect of which almost froze his blood. Was it Cora's face he saw, or was it the phantom of his love/ .To assure himself he peered again; the truth was very patent.. Her arms were entwined around a tall, manly form, but he could not see the face,, as tho back was turned toward him. The usher, noticing his wild, fixed gaze, drew him to one side and asked him if he was sick. ' • . A glass <»f water was all that he re untested, us hu »»t or rather fell iuto a chair. * He told the man that it was an ' attack of the vertigo; it would soon be. over. He felt as though his reason was fast leaving him; strange phantasies shot through his brain. That Cora loved another,'' and that person a convicted felon, was his first deduction. Tho terrible truth' sank into his soul liko a poisoned shaft. A craving for revenge on the man ho had just seen all but controlled him. That man should never live to enjoy the happiness tjint should bo his. The usher in his dismay was about to. shout for help, thinking ho was caged with a mad-man, when Harlow suddenly sprang to hia side and hoarsely whis- pered : \Who is that man in tho other room?\ Tho latter seeing that his compnuion had subsided somowha} in.his wildncas, deigned to reply. It was John Lano,.who waa about to be* discharged from prison. He had been convicted of forgery and had served a fifteen years' sentence. The woman waa his daughter. This was nil ho knew. The sudden revulsion in Harlow's feel- ings stunned him; he reeled and would have fallen had not the usher caught him in time; then reason again found its way to ttm brain. He slipped a gold coin into the hand of the usher and left the prison. . Ho sought a tree near by, whose large, drooping branches afforded a good en- Bconcemcnt, and, throwing himself on tho green grasses, began to ruminate over tho exciting circumstances which had just taken place. , That, indecdj was one of tho happiest moments of his life. His heart never beat so lightly before. Tho words \noble grand girl,\ es- caped his lips in tho delirium of his de- light. Ahl now ho knew tho reason of her magnanimous sacrifice;, of her re- fusal to accept tho hant| of tho man she loved. Tho filial love was paramount to all other affections. Why had she not {old him all?- So great was his lovo ho could have forgiven everything. Ho lay on the cool grass for sometime, turning over futuro plans, but was at last roused from his blissful thoughts by the noiso of the approaching train which was to bear him and his lovo. back to San Francisco. He watched tho devoted couple until they boarded the train, and then took'a seat himself in the rear coach. How dif- ferent was tho journey back. Every ob- ject along tho road sparkled like a daz- zling gem; every plot of grass disclosed some new-born charm; the very air seemed to breathe happiness. John Harlow's new life began when he boarded the train that afternoon. For reasons bctlcr known to himself he did not sco Cora Lane for two weeks after the prison episode. Ho allowed the excitement of tho past few weeks to completely die out before he ventured to sec her. Then he found her and reiterated his undying affection. They were soon married and returned to the East, but the father remained in Sun Francisco^ where for many years he led a good, useful life, and fully expiated his past misdeeds. John buried the secret of nis wife deep in his noble heart; as re- gards that his lips wero forever silent. Often as he sits and gazes into her large, liquid eyes hd wonders if she reads his thoughts; but as sho never speaks of tho reason why W threo long years she avoided the man she loved, ho rests con- tented that his secret is unknown to her. — New York Journal. NO. 8. THIS 2tdir0ud;uli Qtvos r ..' , ; »—-E •••••?.• ', ALL KJHfll or JOB PRINTING ftucn A* Card*, Jitter-Heads, Note-Hwd; hiU-He+d*, , BKitementB, Envelop**, Handbills, Postsrs, 4sc., KIATLY AND PROMfTLT RXICUTBD AT THE LOWEST LIVING PBICM FOR CAtll. > • W« soHett tka pst/onsct of the puMU *»4 strive to men i ibo stmi. TEMPERANCE; the Home. Bartb,whereeoo>r he may Guard Every/ true heart on room, Finds that life's de irost idol is home, sweet, awfot home; But so many homes' sweetness is changed into And a iiiij « doar vain. drerm of pleasure arises in 11. Home, hori^e. sod, <u d homo, lie deadly] destroy* r has blighted the home Not long sWll wo jarter our hearts' hopes away, And give fho destrpyer o'er all things full sway. Not long, for the cony, And thtft is the war iry: » homci\ loets to tho battle how \For Ood and the Honfo, home, sweet, sweet home, We pledge now our ^nanhood to fight for \hs hom<. yes, Sweet Jiorrie' beside, >And we wi 1 defend And speed on tho d4y when mov< d That placeu in peril Home, hon ie, sweet, The I,ord Uod of horn*'. - -Herbert Try to you will It whatever betide, the cause is re- ;ho homes we have loved. sweet home, leaven preserve* us the Whitney, in the Voice. A Iilttlo Lower Than tho Beasts. (five a dpg whisky to drink and sco him water and you wtf animals living and cheerfully in it, instrumert .ovor i you will find qg reigning here. and you will witness the following spec- tacle liko this: lively anc checrfu move about most taken wil h spasm; fer a lit lc whil( them. 1 [encc yoi tis dearer than* all else It is not generally known in this coun- try that the problem of navigation of the air has ^or\many years engaged the atten- tion of a/ieritific men all over the world. Scientific men, however, declare that aerial navigation is simply a question of medianh.«, and that there is nothing in the conditions of such navigation to make - successful and practicable »olution im- \'pQ8siblc, In Eugland there is an Aero- nautical Society, composed of wealthy and scientific men, which for a dozen years or more has annuully offered prizes tor best experiments or devices looking toward i final solution of the problem how mcr diall travel in the fluid with which tl]c globe is enveloped as he trav- els upon the fluid which covers thr/c- fourths )f its surface. In France, too, many men of Ecientific attainments have shudder with fear and run away J A rabsit, which was given whisky, one spooiful everyday for the sake of experiment, died in a few days with terrible cramps of the stomach. Place Oj giod microscope over ono drop of sec hundreds of little swimming lustily and but place tho same drop of whisky and life whatever, death Then mix them together The poor animalcule, though they were but ono moment before, at once begin to frantically; they arc with which they suf-, until death relieves may realize the natuj-c of ^whiskiy and tlje horror which Nature herself has instilled \into every creature against it. But what ftrc these in com- parison Lvith thj susceptibility of tht human body to the ruinous effects of alcoholic|drinks, the traces of which arc* often and unmistakably found in the dif- ferent disorders lof the stomach and bowels, the hcarh the liver, the kidneys, the throat and th^ larynx, the brain, thc- skin, thoj five sondes, and the mind itself ? Who cai tell the amount fa trouble and paia and misery :aused bj'only one of Jots About Food Fish. American catfish, introduced into New. Zealand in 1870, are now abundant and of large size. The number of shad caught during 1880 in the Hudson River is placed by Fish Commissioner Blackford at 1,174,- 8:15, of which 790,312 wer/i sold in the New York market. With an average price of $15 per 100 the total value was $170,225. The salmon industry ia on the decline on the Columbia Itivcr, Oregon. Last year somewhat more than 430,000 cases of salmon were put on the market,ugainst 505,000 cases in 1885 and 020,000 cases in 1884. The scarcity-of fish is accounted for by the blocking of the river hj means of trap*, seines and nets. The red-snapper is now a standard fish in New York markets^ The fish arc found on both sides of Florida, those on the west coast being the larger, though big fish is not as desirable as the smaller ones. Connecticut vessels engage in the busi- ness, and the favorite' ground is on the east coast, off Capo Canaveral, south- wardly to Indian Rivef, in from twelve td» fifteen,fathoms of water. Few fish arc taken north of the Cape. The favorite dish of the Chinaman, trcpang, or beche dc mer, is eaten as a soup, and a very good soup it makes. The fish commission calls attention to tho holohuria, found in immense quantities in the region of the Queen Charlotte islands and Alexander islands of Alaska, as well as on the • west coast of Vancouver's Island. When properly cured the trcpang wonlrfbc worth $45 a ton in Canton: During 1880 the United Statos Fish Commission has placed in the various waters of the United States, from the tributaries of Narragansett Bay to those of-fhc Columbia River basin, 92,404,000 shad fry. M. McDonald, who has under his immediate charge the obtaining of the eggs of the «shad and the roaring of the fry, states that \as the entire num- ber of shad taken for market is less than six million it will be seen that for every shad taken from the waters this season for market there have been artificially hatched and returned to the waters fifteen young shad.\ The total consumption of salted and dried codfish has occupied the attention of the Herman Fishery Association, and the following figures arc presented: Nor- way exports 03,000,000 cod—as klip fish or stock fish—Canada 30,000,000, and Newfoundland 33,500,000. The total from all the fisheries is 124,500,000, the United States, Iceland, France and Hol- land making up the rest. Catholic coun- tries arc the greatest consumers of cod. Spain uses 37,1)00,000, the West Indies 3?,7pO,000, Italy and Austria 18,400,000, the Jlrazils 12,500,000, Portugal 8,000,-' 000. and Great Britain and Ireland 7,100,- 000. An estimate of tho value is $10,- 000,000. A Destructive Little Onat. The buffalo gnats appeared in the lower part of tlie parish last week on Thursday, and within forty-eight hours of their appearence they had done much destructive work.' We are told that at least seventy-five heads of mules and horses were killed in the Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth Wards by the seemingly un- pretentious little gnats. We have not heard of the loss of any stock by the gnats'lately. We suppose that their un- charitable work is over, as they seem to be thinning out somewhat, hlonhouse {La.) Clarion, FLYING MACHINES. SOBiEj NOTABLE*ATTEMPTS NAVIGATE THE A^R. TO The First Fly ins; Machine a French Invention—A Prisoner's Appa- ratus—An American's At. tetnpt—Using Steam Power. devoted in the ae couragin ments of in this persons the phys m BMER'J3 FLYING MACHINE. imc and monev to experiments machine ial field with substantial and en' r v results. Not a few experi- (ike purpose have been made country, bnt nearly always by acking adequate knowledge of cal principles involved. The iirbt authentic account of a flying that operated at all is that of these afflictions? How terribly ruined and [ prisoner deformed by drink is the human body, the most noble tvork in the whole of God's visible world, that \temple of the Holy Ghpst,\ as the great St. l*aul has so grandly styled LI A short time ago I saw eight representations of a man's stomach laid open and affected with those disorders of which alcohol is so prolific. They ware taken from Nature and so dis- gusting that people who were shown them could neither eat nor drink on that day.— MttherHLoiwn. . , < An Insurance \ low of Beer-Drink injg We arc surpris jd to note that some <^. the foreign insurance journals have been copying the abs lrd conclusions of one J. Thomann, in t pamphlet recently pub- lished in New York, to show by statisti? cal figures that u beer is the healthiest drink known.\ jThat writer declares, as the result of his Investigations, that u thc risks incurred in insuring the lives of habitual beer cjrinkcrs arc less by forty per cent j than tlwe ordinary risks of such transactjons.\ JT ho man a simply proves what he did no| start out to prove, that the robust men deployed in the breweries, who drink from j forty to fifty glasses of beer daily, remain in robust health fdr some years by virtue of their large amount of vital force and tenacity; not by virtue of beer, but in spite of it. We have closely watched the heavy beer, drinker^ in this community with reference to thciit mortality ratio, for more than twenty years, and our observations show •that out of every hundred'wno satimate themselves in this immoderate way, not more than five pass the age of fifty-three. Thoso that •escape Bright's disease or urn»tnic, poisoning become victims oti cirrhosis, or fatty degeneration, or ery- sipelas, or apoplexy. One or other of these fatal diseases invariably gives the finishing touch to the ''splendid phy- sique\ a,bout which Thomann rants long before the period of natural expectation. If beer drinkers choose to satisfy their thirst witlvtheir favorite beverage, that is one thing; but 1 if they are led by Tho- mann'8 lying statistics into the belief that beer will prolong their lives, or that life companies can be fooled into acceptance of walking beer-barrels as healthy risks, that is quito another.— Baltimore Under- writer. one Bes mcr, a locksmith, of Sable, France. His apparatus, comprised four rectangu ar wings, hung in pah's, and in- tended \o bo operated bv the aeronaut. Besmcr Was not enabled to rise direct from the around, but by starting from an elevation he flew acros^rivers of consid- erable w dth, and a pair of wings which he sold to another was us\ed with consid- erable success. This was in the, latter part of he seventeenth century. More than * hundred years later Jacob Degcn. a prisonc r at Vienna, constructed an ap- paratus having two umbrella-like wings, worked >y manual power, with which he t arose t:> i height of fifty feet, and might have giT. e higher had not his jailer taken the precaution to affix to his apparatus a Btrong cDrd with which to prevent his literally taking wings and flying away. It was long ago demonstrated, • however that all flying devices depend-' ent upon manual power must of necessity fail, and for halt a century all efforts have bee I made in the direction of util- Aleohol in Food. Not long ago a man who had been a \hard drinker\ in his youth told mc that after five years of total abstinence from all intoxicating drinks the old thirst for liquor came over him as he smcllcd tho brandy in the pudding sauce at a -table where he was an invited guest. \Call it weakness if vou will,\' he said, ''but I dared not taste that sauce. I knew that the taste of the brandy would steal my senses arfay, thut the maddening thirst for drink would again overpower my will, ifad the work of years bo undone in an instant. My only hope was in total abstinence, and I Knew it. As it was I hud a Hard fight to get by a saloon that night on my Way home, and once home I asked my sister to lock mc in my .room until I could fed sure of myself again.— Ohio J*\trnwr, . _ . - Stephen A. \Douglas the son of tlw» \Litllu (liaut,\ who used to be very iu- teinperu^te, has now heroine a total ab- stainer and has made Npeeches in temper- uiice meetings, 1 D SGKN fzing mo;ive power, cither steam or elec- trical. In f&4i a machine comprising two pro- pellers ^ vas tried by Von Hecko and a partial success achieved. In 1853 one Johnston patented'an elongated balloon, used in connection with * 'parachute* or umbrella shaped propellers \ which opened vhen pushed against the atmos- phere ard closed when retracted, being simply a modification of the well-known duck's-f< rot propeller used in the infancy of steam navigation by water. lionet cd interest was taken in the sub- ject aftc • the formation of the Acronftu- ticai Society of Great Britain, under the lendcrsh p of the Duke of Argyll, in 1804. Since th it date the aerial patents taken out in llngland alone are numbered by hundreds. Under encouragement from the society numerous data have l>ccn pre- pared bj competent men, and these have exercised great influence upon subsequent attempts. According to elaborate and now accirtted estimates of the ratio that should exist between the surface of an aerial michinc and its power, a machine with onihhorse propelling power should have 1,455 feet of sustaining surface, with, a weight of ortc and one-tenth ounces to the square foot. It thus ap- TIIE \TTfO-.PKOrEM.KK FLYfKG MACHINE. pear ing that motors combining great power vjth little weight w;as a vital ne- cessity, the society offered prizes for the best stciira engines of that type, and the first pri; e was won by an engine which, with it< boiler aud a supply of fuel, weigher only twelve pounds, and yet de- veuji cd continuous power equal to one thim ol one horse power. In 18B9 Joseph Kauffm :n, an cnglnec of Glasj fow, projected a remarkable bird^ machin s, worked by steam power, witl wipgspiving 120 Rtrokes to the minute and H t lescopic drop-weight designed t< keep* the machine in clcvateq in the air. equilibrib whes Lateral guidanci was to be had by meabs of a flat ruddei answering to the tail of a bird. Thii strange bird was never set afloat in \\n atmospicrc, and would not have flowr far if it had been. Tho first projector of flying machine! of any note in America was Rufuf PortcrJ of Connecticut. His apparatus comprised a cignr-shoped.balloon, tarry- ing a nar underneath, the car containing the motive power. He built a model at AVashington, twenty-two feet in length aud four feet in diameter, which rapid 1 made ' ' ** * * v * \ the rotunda eleven times like a thing of life.\ The power was furnished by a steam engine operating a pair of screw propellers, and guijdanee was effected by means of a rudder. A large apparatus, which the inventor afterwards con- •truced on the same model, failed bo- cause of leakage of gas from the balloon^ and nothing more was ever heard from the device. . The apparaus was revived some' years latter at Shell Mound Lake, Cafc, \by Frederick Marriott, who termed it \thoAvitor.\ The balloon had a length of thirty-seven feet, was tapering at the ends, and was surrounded by a frame of wooden strips firmly wired to- f ^cthcr. This frame was provided at its orward half with two laterally proiect- inp-wingft, and at the rear was'furnished with a four leaved rudder, and at the sides by two propellers, operated by a er-r —'••'+— :SL1 KAUFFMAN 8 BIRD MACHIKE. •mall steam .engine. The apparatus worked well in a still atmosphere, but proved a failure in brisk winds. Hundreds ol devices for flying machines, some of them of quite ridicu- lous type and construction, j have be,en tried or patented in this country, but none of th cm has even approaehed the conditions of practical success. In France large sums of money have been subscribed to defray the expenses of experiments on a large scale, and employing thoroughly scientific methods, ana in Paris solution of the great prob- lem is believed to be only a few years distant. Recent discoveries iu the storage of electrical energy must certainly have a great influence upon future attempts at aerial navigation, and the Chicago in- ventor's proposition to dispense with the troublesome displacement of gas is likely to prove itself one of the most important MARRIOTT'S AVITOR. additions of tho century to the rather tiazy ancl uncertain science of aerial travels. It is not at all impossible that ten years hence mail and passengers will be carried from Chicago to New Ydrk by an <4 air line\ in four or five hours' time. Chicago Herald. Benjamin Franklin's Grave. A Philadelphia correspondent of tha New York World has been visiting the grave of Benjamin FranWin in that city. He says: • The bare, blank wa41s of a very old Jjurying-ground arc frowjoed down upon by the towering strucftires of manufac- ture and business! that fcuyound and hem them in in one of the busiest parts of ' Philadelphia. Inside the burying-ground walls are trees planted bjfanen who died from old age years ago. $irds come and rear their wide-mouthed families in this* cool oasis in the great desert of throbbing city streets. One old man, bent ana wrinkled, takes an occasional walk over the scarcely discernable, grass-grown paths, and his are the only feet that tread this silent city of the dead. That graveyard was made long jears ago and the noisy city has grown all about it, crowding it and jostling it, but ncvir encroaching beyond its walls. From sun-up'to midnight there is a con- stant hurrying of wago/is and cars and human beings by this necropolis. Yet tnat grated opening has seldom a visitor, though there lies within a few feet of i t the dust of a man* whose profound wis- dom and humanity moved the whole civ- ilized world. Over the city there are mills and print- ing shops and factories aud foundries bearing his name, while all over the State and the country there are towns and townships and counties also bearing his name. Yet there lie his bones down in the 'heart of this big city, with arteries throbbing with the work and pleasure of men, beneath a thin stone slab, which grows greener and thinner year by year, obscured by the lightest snows of winter, the earliest gnoses of summer arsd the first fall of autumn leaves. A singular end of a marvelous man! was te in the he < iruiit of the hall in which it ted. h,i*er it was publicly tried Merchants' Exchange, New York New City, and according to the report of Vork papsr, >'made the; circuit of OlAVE OF B. FRANKLIN AXD DEBORAH. i looked through the bars. 'With much craning of my neck and much pressing of my face against the bars I^nade out this simple, fast-fading inscription in the thin marble slab: j : B«?rjAMiif : AXD : : DEBORAH FRANKLIN. * * i Benjamin Franklin, after man/ years ppeut abroud enlightening men, gaining frf sh wisdom and laurels, . nine home to live in quiet retirement with his sou in law, Cejouel Kichard Bache, at the old mansion^ whicjh ktood in-a large park, on Market street), near Fourth, this city. Shortly nfter that he wrote a friend: \I am nowjin the bosom of my family and find our four little prattlers, who cling alwut tile knees of their grandpapa, afford mc great pleasure. I urn surrounded by my friends and have a good daughter and son-in-law to take care of mc. I have got into my nit he. a very good house, which I built twenty-four years ago andiout of whiih 1 have been kept ever since by employ ments'\ Franklin had a small printing-press set up on one of the upper floors of the house, with which he aimucd bim>c|f many an hour by his experiments. Butt so busy a life was noi destined to be prolonged in ouictness. .Jle had been settled but a„ snort time when his life-light went out on Satulday, April 17, 1?H0, when he was nearly eighty-five. Three days later, now nearly a hundred years ago, his re- mains wire conveyed to the oloLF'riends' Burying-Ground and placed beside those of his wife and the thin stone slab laid over them. There was mourning throughout, this and other lands. Twenty thousand peo- ple crowded the streets around that old burying-ground on the day of the funeral, and as the simple cortege passed over tho few squares between the house and the grove Ixlk throughout the city tolled an*d minute guns boomed mournfully. Clergymen of the city of all denomina- tion, thq Supreme'JCxccutive Council of the State, of which Franklin had been President; the State Assembly, Judges of the Supreme Court, members of the Bar, the officials of the city, printers and their workmen, the Philosophical Society, the College of Physicians, the students and Faq^ty of the Philadelphia* College.and many civic oiganizatious attended the funeral. The pill-bearers were Governor Thos. Mifflin, Chief-Justice. McKean, Thos. Willing, President of the Bank of North America; MayonSamuel Powell, Wm. Bingham and Pa^id RittcnUouae. Following th? death undj burial of Frank- lin came honors and pulogiums from everywhere. In Congressj Madison offered a resolution which said: \Benjamin Franklin was a citizen whose native genius w^as not more nn ornament to human nnturp than his parlous exertions of it have been precious to science.\ \Friends of Liberty\ n France erected a mausoleum, but Franl.lin's unhonored grave rests amid the turmoil and con- fusion of a great, busy city. Tommy and the Hal Circus, rj Man it the Tommy is iroinsr t hairy man. Tommy sees thx,hai;y man. The hairy man wants to fchake hands with Tommy.— Si/tihfft. drinking Habits tf Public Men. An old-time AVashington barkeeper gives i facts about the drinking indulged in byisome prominent men. He says that Stantpn could stand more liquor without showing the effects than any one he ever saw. f Lincoln liked <k mild whisky punch withi plenty ot sughr. Stewart drank clarcj. ^Johnson was fond of Tennessee whisky. Hayes likes whisky, but drank littles when in the White House. In Columbus \Rutherford used to be one of the boys.\ Garfield could stand almost as much stimurant as Stanton. Arthur's drink was brandy and soda. There's only ,one teetotaler in t(hc present Cabinet, and* that is Garland. „ Whitney's liquor bills are very large, rtwing to his liberal hospitality. Altogether there is not half as much barroom drinkin*at the Capital as there was twenty years ago. ' ——•«» Drinking Ten in Japan. The Japanese drink a powdered tea in a very ceremonial way. t The tea is first ground very slowly by hand as fine as snuff and is then put in a small earthen pot, there being many styles, each one of which is known by 4 distinctive name, and this is put in a lx>x. The invitation to a tea corcmony issicnt six weeks in ad- vance, and the entire, bill of fare is sent with it, so that if thero is anything on it which is unpleasant'to a guest ne can notify the host and it will be changed. On coming to the Infuse of the hosi the guest is taken through the garden/to a smajil tea-house about nine fe.-t square, into whnh he crawls through a small < door, after washing ,his hands in a place prepared for that purj>ose. Once in the tea pouse you contemplate and admire everything there, an4 every guest having been seated, the hos| enters and serves each one with every article upon the bill of fare. After each i guest has eaten all tha4 i* given him he.fi uses each plate or cup in a lwwl of wal^r and then drinks thejwater. , | ' . ijhc tea ceremonies M'IC lull of so much dignity that they have been one ofjthe principal influences in giving to rewl Japanese art its rcjjose, simplicity land beaiity. Profe**vr At/ teard £'. Mvrse. (jjrutilode ih the ii)*jst diguified return youj can 'iiiv<*h ou yojur benefactor.
