{ title: 'Washington County advertiser. (Fort Edward, N.Y.) 1881-190?, September 26, 1888, Page 6, Image 6', download_links: [ { link: 'http://www.loc.gov/rss/ndnp/ndnp.xml', label: 'application/rss+xml', meta: 'News about NYS Historic Newspapers - RSS Feed', }, { link: '/lccn/sn87070275/1888-09-26/ed-1/seq-6/png/', label: 'image/png', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn87070275/1888-09-26/ed-1/seq-6.pdf', label: 'application/pdf', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn87070275/1888-09-26/ed-1/seq-6/ocr.xml', label: 'application/xml', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn87070275/1888-09-26/ed-1/seq-6/ocr.txt', label: 'text/plain', meta: '', }, ] }
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PPLEMENTm Washington Co. Advertiser, Wednesday September 26 1888, dent Cley a *i Ck A eland Arraugned by the Veteran sman -of I Massachusetts. Oiir.Gountr) Has Flourished. Butler Qofiveriaed to the True Faith. AENTS SHOT A History or tas Portey Has Mapz Us a Nartox. a How THs Farrrs Recarpen arp FosrerEp ProtEcrtion. AN. ADVANCE IN FoRrcE. To a Protective Tariff We Owe the Salvation of the Union. * FOR THE FIRST TIME A PRESIDENTIAL MESSAGE HAS MADE AN ATTACK UPON AN INDUSTRY WHEREIN WE ARE THE LARGEST PRODUCERS IN THE WORLD. The Mils. Bill Deal a Deadly Blow. The Wool Growing Industry Upset by Misrepresentation. HEAR THE FREE TRADERS_WHO HAVE STRUOK DOWN WOOL ASKING FOR PROFPECIION FROM KING COTTON. Tao Old War Horse Goos Carefully Into the Canidiian ¥khery Quostion.-A Splendid Presentation of the Leading Issuga-Clevoland - Denounced.-Our . E.. Abllity to Hold Our Oum Demonstrated] po- - In the course of his great speech upon E Protection, delivered at Fremont Temple, Boston, on August 31st, General Butler faid: _. . o .s Fermow-ortizzns:-1 am here to com- ply with a very appreciatively phrased request of a number of the business mon TI know, without any Histination of party, to give my opinions upon the tariff pqhoy, acquired. from legislative and business experience in the pioneer manufacturing city of the country, for neafly sixtyyearg; It has been said, and with great evi- objett of the American Constitution was to enables central government entirely to control .the. importation of foreign morchandise antl the import duties there- on. Certain it is, Rhode Island for two * years, from: '88 to '00, refused to accept the Federal Government wotld enable New York to rival in importance New- pork, which otherwise might have been maile a free port by the State, 'That our fathers were thoroughly in earnest on this auestion it seen by the first statute of the -first Congres, on July 4, 1789, when an act was pissed which, rccording to the faghion of that time, contained a recital netessary for the support of the Gavemp * mont, for the of the debts of tke U - States and the encourage- - of Boston and 'of the -State, and so far as - dence of correctness, that the one great- the Constitution because such control by of its object as follows: \ Whereas, it is sry taxation, ought to be at once revised and amended.\ 'When this denunciation of She principles of the laws given us by the fithers comes from the President, it conopels us carefully to examine what has been the effect of such vicious laws on the prosperity of our country, to find that this language is untrue aswell as un- just. Before we further discuss these | questions it will be necessary onrefully to deféro certain terms and phrases which 'are not too carefully commonly used. First, freo trade. 'This is, buy where you can and soll where you may, and raise the money necessary to carry on the Gov- emzmont by direct taxation. Freo trade and direct taxation are of necessity in- sepsamble, Direct taxes were never fa- vored by the fathers or their sons in the republic. 'The Constitution carefully in- siste that they shall be apportioned equally. Direct taxation and slavery have mused the only insurrections which have broken out sgainst our Govern- mont. Holding free trade an impossi- bility, it needs no further discussion, TARIFF FOR REVENUE ONLY. - % Tariffor revenue only is one so levied without discrimination on such articles of importation as to raise in the agftregate the necessary amount of rove- nus by the taxation of the least number | of articles, 8, A tarif with incidental profection ' moins this: - After having laid such taxes 't'raporn inported articles of luxury as they will bear, the lovy of dutics upon other. | fmpOfttaffons sufficient to raissthe rev- enués needsd by the Government should | | disoriminate againstsuch imported goods, wares ind merchindise as vould compete \\ in price because of the materials and ~ tabor expended in their production with | the severalindustries of our country. It | rf will- Be observed that I say \After taxing | importéd® luxmrigs ag they will bear.\ They voull by no means be the high €hoy. qugixf‘fsp pay.. © % fgh, [A19 +. ° . \, qurest, ror PHorhorton {otr CBP a, t, Slick . kinds of mer | have seen and known\ vil the is, | of the ecurfiy if. fepiCly lean | that the. minnfachares 'of. | simply to prevent their Sizing brought into the country to compete with our manufacturers. us. Which shall be the policy of the for revenue only, without amy discrimi- nation in favor of Annerican interests; our debts and support our CGoxernment and imposing such revenues incidentally to protect American manufacturers, as did our fathers carefully adjust their tariffs to such purposes. Theoretically, free trade between all nestions, as between all men, is correct in prenciple; that is, if all nations in all things were exactly on the same footing. But such a condition of equality eannot exist between nations, and, therefore. all the«ories upon the question of free trade become useless, In 1888, the workingmnen and women of Lowell were employe«i thirteen and a half hours per day, with the breakfast taken before the day's w ork began, with twenty minutes for dineaer, and supper after the day's work was done. I saw them failing in health, in strength, and in every relation of life, | SHORTER HOURS. Agitation for the shortening of the hours of labor had scarcely then begun. It was evident that thero could be no ameliorntion to the Mussachusetts work- ingmen in that if the Lowell maufacturer must compete with those in other States who were making the same goods and working longer hours. While these things were passing through my mind the tastiff of 1842 was passed, levying duties wlaich were a sub- stantial prohibition to the importation of ordinary cotton fabrics This rendered the rewards of cotton manufacturing so high and so certain that in@ustries sprung up over Now EingFand, calling for such an increase of labow in that behalf that. the workingmen in# women conld demand in increaso of wages, orat least a lessening of the hours o£ labor, FREE TRADE ILLUSTRATED, Coming then somewhi$ fnto political life, I took part in the agfitation for ten hours only. - Still the agitation for ten hours at Lowell was kopt up without special results until 1850, when our labor representatives in the Legrislaturs elected Charles Summer to the Senate of the United States, in its results the most wonderful Amerdcan labor ever had. Boon after the agitation was quieted into a compromise, whiche was begun at Lowell and was agreed to throughout the State, that cleven aud a quazter hours per day for six days in the week only should be worked, and that compromise existed until after the tif of 1857, and left Lowell in 1861 for ano€herand differ- ent field of rection. Afterward the hours of labor were fixed, firss by agreement and latterly by legislation, at fixty hours a week without any decrease of wages, but on the contrary, a vers different ad- dition thereto, and a gemeral ameliora- tion of the condition of the laborer, because of the still higher protection. LOWELL'S PROSPERITY, No laboring man or woman ever lost a dollar by the failure to pmy of a Lowell main. From reading his message I learn that the President does mot believe in this beneficent result of protection, but I do believe, if he bad observed and known as I saw, how much a protective tariff has done for American workingmen, that message would never have been penned, Itis nob his fault, but the Iaboring man's misfortune, that he did not know these facts. I have taken this one specimen community, of which thers sire thousands upon thousands in this country, as a wit- nets to the effect of the protective tariff, There it is before us. Look at it The tariff legislation has its defects, no one donbts. Allthstcan be said against it is, it is human, That it might be made better every one believes, Do not mock us. - But what will you do to better |. it? ; COARSER MAXNUFPAQTEIRES, - The capitalists of New England, the. owners of wills, water power establish» moits and applinnees for the mini-; facture of cotton mad tovlen goods, Lz + wa a wigetuged , here.cbupl + « is going to the. West gid ale the coays 4 > \a In relation to raisimeg faxes from im- portations, but three questions are left Govemment? (1) Fre trade; (2) a tariff. (8) a tariff for revenue sufficient to pay | cotton fabrics to the South, and that it is to be done. And I feel assured that within the next five years he must be a bold politician who shall suggest that there shall not be a sufficient tariff to protect the woodén and cotton manufac- tures o£ the West and South against the British manufacturer or British aggres- sions, I recognize this in the fact that provisions are now made for it, as regards cotton, in the Mills bill, which provides: \On all cotton cloth 40 per cent ad val- orem.\ - Certainly the President can not agree to that provision of the Mills bill which puts a duty of four-tenths its cost on every poor man's shirt, as the manu- facture: has only to card and spin and weave the cotton, and the pay of the la- borer doing that is scarcely 10 per cent of the cost, and much less if he is a \nige ger,\ so that if his shirt should cost 60 a yard, one-quarter of the whole cost would. be tariff addition, if the President's state- ments awe correct as regards other dutis- Dble articles, for nobody needs tariff pro- tection in raising cotton because neither India nor Egyptcan compote with our Southern States as to their 7,000,000 bales of that which they once believed to be king, We will call attention hereafter to the fact thatit is deemed necessary in the Mills bill to protect cotton against home competition, as the \nigger\ now raises the larger part and sells for direct export the least. DUB TO PROTECTION. Here then, during more than sixty years of protection of American indus- tries by tariff fimposts, has been the great prosperity of our country and the ons source of its high glory as a nation, be- cause protection his so stimulated our industries that almost everything we needed could be made at home. In all that went to make up the- support of life we were independent. When war came, most stupendous in the vastness of its proportions, the enormous equipment of its armies, their comfort, sustenance and means of transportation, our stimulated multifarious industries made us entirely self-reliamt as against the world. Our commerte was readily swept away in a day. If we had relied upon intercourse with other nations and our freightage as the source of our wealth and the employ- ment of our energies; if we had been dependen$ upon England or the conti- nent for our manufactures, we should have been crippled indeed. I solemEy declare my opinion that to the effects of a protective tariff we owe the means which upheld the unity of our people. I may as well remark here, and now, that time will not permit me to go into extended review of all the details of the bill reported by the Committee of Ways Land Means, which the report says was made \'in response to his (the Presi- dent's) recommendation.\ The last an- nual message of the President was unlike any ever coming from such a high officer. It is the only message of s President that deals only with a single topic, and a single law, the law of the tariff, and recommends its destauction simply. His declaration, never made before by a President against the laws of his coun- try, is that \ our present vicious, inequit- able and illogical source of unneceskary taxation should be at once revised and amended.\ We have already seen that the laws have been discussed and sanc- tioned by the highest and best men that the country affords. No tariff bill has ever beech vetoed by any President, Northern or Southern, although Cal- 'houn, McDuffic and South Caroling ad- voeated secession, and almost war, against one in 1882, yet the judicious tariff of Jackson, a protectionist, prevailed - The President's attack was not made until the (third year of the recommendations ré>~ 'quired by Jaw to be made to Congress, and we are left to wonder how he failed for three years to find out that the whole systora of our revenue laws were \ vicious, inequitable and illogical.\ <0 -__ mvenaxd's Tan additfon to this, for the fitst time has s Presidenti¢l mestageo made 'an attack thou. agrfeulforn} dadug: tey whith we-may he afloweil to say in: Lemanest, vigorous and imipethons wignner, 86 -[' \about the id A sooner or later our skilled operatives will)} his committee's report, and which isthe. -.; [follow such business to the places where {certain ‘th'éiacfb.,’toiz}$1c.on iC largest producers in the world, so sayJ seventh largest production of this coun». try, This attack is made upon the pro-] ° fection of the wool-grower, The: tariff\? ~ upon wool has for many years past ‘bbeg’ ' adjusted by the Committee on Ways smi. Means im conference with the Wool Growers' Association in presence of the - Woolen Manufacturers' Amsociation, so that it has been properly adjusted to protect both interests. The wool pro- R duction in this country in 18960 was ,e nos iz 000,000 pornds, the. largest proportion of which was wool fitted for the coarer fabrics, such as the mechanics and labor- L8 ers wear 'The Morrill tariff gave am . . 4 great an impetus to this production; as i the proteckion has been effective, so' that. it has now fncreased to 265,000,000 208 a year by some calculations, and by soma _ ¥ op 280,000,000 pounds in 1887. Upon thig great industry, showing such magnificint development in a single generation, the Mills bill deals what the committees , admit will be substantially a deadly blow, because they foresee and expect heary importations, HOW IP LOOKS, 1 How important the reduction on wool __ by the Mills bill appears by theso state- ments, **The rewenue derived from wool dur- ing the last fiscal year amounted to $§- 899,000. 'The repeal of all dutiss on wool enables us to reduce the duties on the manufactures of wool $12,832,000. 'The . largest reduction we have mads is in the woolen schedule, and the reduction was only possible by placing wool on the free list.\ If the manufacturers of the country, some of whom have been misguided and misled by the theories of free trade, pub themselves on the role of the mis-called '\revenue reformers,\ shall strike down all protection to the wool-growing indus- try, they must expect, as Jong as there i# human ratere in men, that the woo!l- growers will see to it in the next Con- gress that there shall be no protection on the wool moanufacturers, and so the thousands upon thousands of American workingmen and 'women employed in this great imdustry, will be ground up between the upper and the nether mill- stone of Southern opposition to this great industry, operating upon Northern ao greed. 'The wool-growing industry is VJ attempted to be overthrown by migrep» resenting the profits of the wool manu- AF facturers. Let me take time only to + revert to one of the statements made by l the Chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means, on the floor of Congress, in Advocacy of his bill. MILLS'S CLAIM, Mr. Mills's claim on the subject of the tariff put upon imported cloth is moto aL remarkable im what it does not say than * in what it does, and both ars sufficiently striking. He says in his speech in Con- gress: \A yard of cassimere weighing 16- ounces costs$1.88, the labor costs 20c, and. the tariff 800,\ Now, he parmits every man ® . in his district and every man in the Unit. , ed States who shall be leff to read bis speech to infer that 80c mints the $0 is the profit mide by the manufacturer, That, | is what the President and Mills mean to .. say to us, that the manufacturer his a C profit of Sic on every yard of dloth that.. costs no less than $1,838. °So Mr. Mills ~ - says, and the President adds to that a declaration in the following words: ILl ''These Inws, as the priraaty and pla¥a effect, raise thie price to consumers of all articles imported and subject to duty: precisely the sum paid for such distigs;\* Don't misunderstand me. I c'i'og?£ mgd to say that it £s so, I know that iti . but the PresiGent did mean to say so- w he wrote his message, or 'he woul have said so, - So the President de gided by Mr, Mills, that every m buys a yard of cassimere weligX pound (which the lighter woiglt -U meres do whether imported or hyade if made here, pays a bounty th ) £8 fachirerof Sie syard; ~- © Ehookmte ott van imths I bave taker: some pains wodlén cloth tn the «it avery paingpogsibigts 'perieafeed mmfifaflgtflmg [ Tacts, @if rod of 22
