{ title: 'The Otsego farmer. (Cooperstown, N.Y.) 1885-1910, December 04, 1886, Page 1, Image 1', download_links: [ { link: 'http://www.loc.gov/rss/ndnp/ndnp.xml', label: 'application/rss+xml', meta: 'News about NYS Historic Newspapers - RSS Feed', }, { link: '/lccn/sn87070110/1886-12-04/ed-1/seq-1/png/', label: 'image/png', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn87070110/1886-12-04/ed-1/seq-1.pdf', label: 'application/pdf', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn87070110/1886-12-04/ed-1/seq-1/ocr.xml', label: 'application/xml', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn87070110/1886-12-04/ed-1/seq-1/ocr.txt', label: 'text/plain', meta: '', }, ] }
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yOL. IX. 35mm - gaping: pinto Dairyrnen’s inoculation.- © JPhe~tenth~annu1tk convention—offlin— New York' State Doirymene Association 'The use of ensilage-means'a revolution In in New England and Old England, A4} qnnlity ew England now,and if we 'go'fiorth the quality. of f Written expressly or Tm: »¥ to i will be held at the'Oourt House, tn_Nor- wich, N. ¥., ~ Tuesday,. Wednesday and Thursday, December 14, 18. and 16, (The following is the programme: ' . Tuesday, Dec. 14, at oclock A. a., the convention . will meet for preliminary bus- iness. .. At 2 o'clock r.i., the Welcome Address and Response-will be given. . Ad- dresses have been promised as follows: F. D. Curtis, Agricultural .Editor N. Y. Tribune, \Possibilities of the Dairy.\ : Prof, L. B. Arnold, Rochester, N. Y., Observations in England.\ Win. M. Gilbeit, Richland; N. Y., \Ex: perience in preparing. and feeding Corn . Ensilage.\ ik Prof. I. P. Roberts of Cornell University, « > 'Water and Food for the Dairy.\ Robert McAdam, Rome, N. Y., \Pro- duction of Milk and Making Cheese.\ , Dr. E. Lewis Sturtevant, of New York Agricultural Ex. Station, \The Work. of « the Station.\ B. D. Gilbert, Agricultural Editor, Utica Herald, '\¥acts and. Observations.\ © Mr. J. v. H. Scoville, New Hartford, \Feeding for the Production of Milk.\ Dr. R. D. Clark, Albany, \Adulteration of Feed Products.\ ~ Hon. J. K. Brown, Datry Commissioner; Maj. E. Alvord and Prof. Edward W. Martin, have been 'uvited to give ad- dresses. Besides the discussion of the topics alluded to, other questions may be introduced undeX_the head of miscellane- ous business, The programme will be ar- ranged to the meeting to best accommodate the speakers. How to Feed a Horse, It is.about as dificult for a man. to find out how much to feed a horse to the best advantage. as it -is to find out how to feed himself, - How many mea know just what to eat, and how much? Their own feel ings may be a warning. In feeding the horse we have no such reminders - It is all judgment, and half of that is guess work. Oats are the natural grain food for the horse; he wants a reasonable allowance of good liny, clover or timothy, or the two combined; Oat straw is good when the smlkfns lost all its green hue, Whent would be found a nourishing food for the horse, und not so dear as some would nt first think. | But It is very concentrated food, and all such must be fed with great enre, and in connection with coarser food of some kind. If oats are crushed, or just conrsely ground, they will prove more nourishing. In England they are passed between rollers. | But if a horse's teeth are good, it will generally grind its oats pretty well, - Whatevergrain you feed, do not let the horse drink immediately after. If you do, much of the grain will be washed out of the stomach without being digested. - Corn is not the best food for the horse, | It is carbonaceous, or heat- ing and fattening. Not every oue wants a fat horse. | Fatis not a sign of the best of health in cither man or horse. Corn is apt to make a horse stiff and logy. - All dry feed-is not the. best for _the horso's. health. - It needs a few roots, apples, car- rots'potatoes, or other succulent food, as a relish and regulator of the boweIL—[Nn- tional Live Stock -Journal. - Winter Treatment of Fowls. A certain amount of good food is neces- sary to keep the organs in running order, and this means health and strength to form the raw material Into flesh and eggs. Fowls that can haye a warm, sunny room in the middle of the day, where theground is bare, gefierally do the best. In such cases the light Brahmas do well~ While all. breeds msy be made, by judicious treatment; to produce eggs in winter, some will better adapt themselves. to more opén quarters than others, even getting water at the trough with the other stock. But this will. not answer fer all, submit can get the quantity-as ensllage promises -the Eastern states will be.the best place for farming and not the, place to leave, The average daily: consumption in America by adults of your daily farm products is. ten cents worth of meat, \five cents worth of milk, butter and* cheese, And one-half a cent's worth of eggs. 'This makes the auinual consumption of the meat products - $1,825,000,000; the -dairy products $012,- 080,000 and. the 'egg. product $01,000,000 'The egg product itself is greater than that of pig dron, wool and sliver together. Yet who stinds for the hen yard in con- gress to protest against degrading the [whole business of this country to the value of an 80 cent dollar? Why not buy $2,000,000 worth of hen's eggs every year and store them under the capitol until con- gress repeals two equally absured and med- dling Jaws? It is the waste of good food to put corn into pork. We never have enough eggs or poultry. - We never have enough beef, but with Blemark closing the doors of Germany against us the question is, what hall we do with our pork? I once thought. pork was condensed coro, But corn in beéf eaves proteine and loses fat. In-beef the nutritious parts of the corn are re-enforced; in pork they | are' merely lost, Indian corn'is s renovating, not an ex- housting plant. It needs no expensive «nltrogeneous fertilizers. Made into enall- age and fed to cows it returns to soil in mabure, and. leaves a farm at the end of 10 yeats richer than it found it. | It is Just here that the mgriculture of the Eastern and Middle states has so splendid an. out- look before it. 'We need to establish beef factories as we have established cotton and woolen ones, The ranches 'of the West have reached their maximum. Vermont, with a system of ensilage and no freight to pay, can see them and go them one better. I have been Jaughed at .as a the- orist for saying that two steers can be fed. to an acre., But Mr. Smith's figures show that one nere can support four. We want huge becf stables of heavy timbers, with three-inch plank sides and slanting sky- lights, like the fektories built. now on the slow-burning principle of all anderw titers. There longer any ne@@t of our young men running nbout looking for an occu- pation. Capital and brains in the beef factory business means 2 cents profit per pound, and thit means 10 per cent on the investment per annum.-[Farin and Gar- den. Eee Notes, My bees did not breed after Sept. 25 last year, unless in one ewarm the queen began to lsy io November, and unlebs this were the case thd main part of the bees which braved the rigors of our cold winter were mainly bees hatched in August and before, Thby cate through the winter bright and apparently as strorig as in the fall. Here is a point which shows thit the tees may and do breed in winter, A bet- keeper at Livermore Falls informs mo that lato do -November last he suporseded & black queen in a good stook, giving it an Ttalisn queen of bis own tearing in ex- change. - At the time of ber introduction - the hive--He-placed - the swarm in the cella® with others, His cellar was kept at on average temperature of 85 degrees, This spring, on setting out the bees upon thesummer stands, this hive, | with the Ialisn queen introduced 'to black bees in November, was found to bave ful« ly one-third of its bees pure Italians, . To have the bee at its best, each swarm so the bees will-cap- in the ayrup it is best to feed them on for their winger stores. I bellevectinrbes is at best when it sits downwiubhlelnwinmto an exclusive many theamatie affections which are al- ys incarable. .. the right . Fowls that ars left to shift for themselves |\ t often get into: mischievous. habits, or piF | ter from their beighbors grain field. many ste: awate. of, preducing colds ;and | \© Fowls must ungker provided form- should be put in proper shape for winter]. Ing at least by the middle of October, or at | re any rate when thé weather is warmenough |.. The first. Europeqn l by Pones DeLeon who , landé Bt. Austine now stands, of these old dist now permanently attached 'in some way to- the State. - started from there for a trip through a, por tion of Florida, on the- 28d day of Fe ary,. We_haddntended to crossthe-gul of Mexico by steamer, and enter the State by way of Tamps, but on application for a passage ticket, found it impossible 'to obtain one under two weeks, every passage being already engaged so far in advance. Bo we purchased a ticket by railroad. by- way of Pensacola to Jacksonville and re- turn. Buch being our best coutse under the cirenmstances. 'We arrived at Pensacola about 10 P, x., A town in the northwestern portion of the State, about sixty-six miles from the, Btite: line on the route we traveled. - We may as well state upon the start that the soil of Flords, so far as, we traveled is all- sand, and differs only in its color, and richness, and fineness, in the dlflerent. «parts we vis- ited. *We stopped over night at Pensacola. This is a fine seaboard. town and may be Rald to bristle with tvindmills, 'They are used mostly. for pumping water for family and railroad use. We counted twenty-five in sight from one position, 'The town has horse railroads through its streets. Its buildings gre good, well painted, .and with fine yards around the dwellings. 'The town is lively, as a business town,. during the winter months, but quiet during the summer season. . Somewhat late in the morning we took 'the cars east and passed some miles along the shore of Cambm Bay, and finally across it on n pile bridge -21 miles long, We had in the seat with us un octogenur- ian, n widow of an officer in the war of 1913, by the name of Bicker, smart, intel- ligent and nctive as a woman ordinarily is thirty years her junior, Bho came to Pen- sacoln from Alabama when a child, and at the age of 15 years murricd a man from New York State, and bgd resided in the placé ever since. They had reared a family, become rick, lost their property during the late war, | and she was now living on.her government pension, She distinctly remembered sce- ing the Spanish fing lowered and the stars and stripes raised in Its place by Gen. Jack- gon, When she came to Pensacola but two other American families resided there. She left the cars at. Milton, and a gen:leman by the name of Reese took hor place, He was on his way to Pensacola to at- tend a session of the Southern Chautauqua which was then being held at Lake De Funiak, We also bad. card of invitation to the same, from the Hon. J. G. Knapp of Limona, Fla. This new townt, the name, of which lias since been charged to De Funiak Springs, is of niggle growth. It is situated upou.the \helght of lind about midtray belweenPensaoolaondEalinbu-eca 1885, in February, we - visited New. Or- to Jc leans to take in fhe World's.Exhibitfon, and | w man would amuse; us by: halloolng In his} roundegt tones, \the next station fs\ giving its name, we aver. live: té get\ there,\ 'Theso darkey bmkesmen we found: 'all. to be original characters; . Just after daybreak equate and is loealed‘ fike old Rome,\ the tops of, several. eminence? None however high enough to clqhn the -name | 'of hills; The land \fs. find 'the soll a clayey «ind, ° The city containg the State Capitol, the court. house and: college for both white and colored, and, several churches and hotels, It has wide streets, good dwellings, beautifully: located, and shaded,. It has- also fine: stores in which can be foupd as good a variety and quality of goods as can be found in any place .of like size in our northern States, Houses occupy large lots, some we'noticed occu- Bylog an entire square, Upon enquiry we found dwellings and lands in this place and county( Leon) cheap, owing no doubt to the climate not here be tng favorable for orange culture. - Howev- er some five oranges and lemons are said to be raised here in protected localities, Leon county is' becoming quite a grazing region and some very fine butter is made | near the capitol city. In this we were yery much surprised, as we had always suppos- ed no butter was made in the southern ter of states.\ However we found it that as in many other things our information had not been correct, 'We spent three days and two this city. No three more pleasant days were ever spent among strangers,. 'We stopped at the St. James, a well kept hotel |; ear the State House. It is kept by a outherner, and a true gentlgman he is, Wo wished to learn of onur departed uncle, and when that fact became known to the old citizens who.personilly knew him, they took great pains and apparent pleasure in giving me all the information possible. He sold out his property consisting of plan- tations, vhills, etc,, some: time about the year 1840, and moved to the'Indian River region in south-castern Florida, On old gentleman, on octogennrinn, took pains to bring lifs shipping book 'to the hotel and thus 'alowing tmo\ the list of. articles thus | shipped, among which was one sawmill, age, acd retail their mental sud. pliyslc@1 sty, powers betterin Florida th thus north rson# In this pla ; much trouble {h times-past-if they ; |: Governor. was also present. |:cortaiiily boast of. no lqpkinga ' moon, presented almost every variety off 'mostly spotted with white and.red. 'They had reroained. in that_cpndition for more We found that personsaunim\; greater |, : verry He was i thus or. many The Li Floridn can fen. 's like precaution.\ manly appearing State officials, | its citizens, the third -dey, about. 4r. at., we Toft for Phe: country which we were: enabled to observe hefore daylight was followed, by that of a fne llnpjdated plenutions. pine woods ies, slow, sluggish streams. a surrounded by ew di- Inpldated bulldbige madeup most of the variety» That portion to us was the most uninviting-of any we sty in the State. Wherever you travel in Florida you will often see small lots of their, diminutive; sized mative cattle; They=are in color were, when running at large getierally plump and in fair flesh. ° The cattle gen- erally get no feed except what they find themselves. They llveupon the wild grass- es which grow in the pme woods, and the young cane shoots which grow abundantly in the wet ground and swamps, Buch for- age as they can pick serves well their pur- pose. Those kept about the plantations are fed mostly with leaves of corn, the straw of grain and some hay is cut in some places in the northern countles. * The. subscilin most parts of Florida is so compact and firm that a well dug needs no walling up except a few feet at the top. dug for an indefinite period of time. We saw in the vicinity of Tallahassee a ravine or cut worn on one side of the street for some distance by the action of water, its perpendicular sides being ten or twelve feet high, which our informant assured us 'than twenty years to his certain knowledge 'The sides were as perpendicular as if cut with a spade. - We arrived in Gacksopville about mid- might. Our ride had not been rapid but it proved safe. Cars everywhere were full except from the River Junction west of Tallnhassee before named, and a few miles after we left Silver Spring, which we will mention in dye time, Jacksonville is the New York ot Florida-and Is a city of ho- tels, some of whith are very fine. At this time every place was filled to overflowing. That city being as it is the aln distribub ing point for all the state in ties of a rush to the south is often crowded toexcess. - At times a gentleman: without a- lady less than halfa-clance. . l Such was our cise at this: time,. We! . «With naught but pleasant thoughts of | p: the: city, its surroundinge,and aspecmlly fled several, oommenclngwltlxth Evmu‘ g R were gladly given away. ten\ acres flu 1 \gentle: [* just settling up and: bein\ improved best of the timber had: been' cut ni broken. . - We. occaslopally abserved here; Wm - had before, small numbers of the lam generally a sort. of sandy red: ix col shaped fo its like com; * mon subfishset up edgewiso-set logs. Divide the animal into three‘pmxln giving folly one division for its head. humped edge ofthe sunfish wm'w p resent the-nppesrayce of the back. of: the, thing, its middle being-some eight-or-ten.- inches higherthan its front or rear: 'It is usually so- thin that it is said ever | gets so- thick but what fwean lis on ita: sido - and slip underany fence, no maltér how ' close it is to the ground, It usually shitks for itself, and thrives - upon what it.can find. - It' never gets fat and what meat it .afferds Is -notetough like pork:to be: recognized even- by'a-Jew. . A manin describing ong, said, \it was quite good indeed, its hind quarters were more juicy than a fire dog' when well roasted, but- never quite as fat asa pine It will remain as true and perpendicular 28 | Knot.\ 'We {inogineit was just about as digestible; © But they: evidently. belong to the hog > species, as they: will cross with good‘lflalanw China, Chestér Whites; or 'other ‘breedn and make very fair pork. - In riding anywhere south through the pine woods, ones: curioerlyn mach exercised over thousands of little: piles of 'eand about as largo and thé they would be if a peck of sand [had: been . poured out of a peck messure; ~Bome- times they would bo aoly a foot 'or two from each other, while at others yard. or several yards or a rod or more would in- tervene between them. Upon inquiry-we found they were the work of a small anl= || anal called a Salamander. \It is sald to; be °. about the size:and color of a common rat, and does the work by burrowing or diggtrig roads under the surface of the soif upon the same plan or way of our northern meadow moles. We were not able to get [sight of one; ~ . 'Another anitnal which digs holes, ébmat Abhing like our northern» woodchuck; Aud [sometimes-causes consideratl
