{ title: 'The Otsego farmer. (Cooperstown, N.Y.) 1885-1910, March 27, 1886, Page 1, Image 1', download_links: [ { link: 'http://www.loc.gov/rss/ndnp/ndnp.xml', label: 'application/rss+xml', meta: 'News about NYS Historic Newspapers - RSS Feed', }, { link: '/lccn/sn87070110/1886-03-27/ed-1/seq-1/png/', label: 'image/png', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn87070110/1886-03-27/ed-1/seq-1.pdf', label: 'application/pdf', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn87070110/1886-03-27/ed-1/seq-1/ocr.xml', label: 'application/xml', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn87070110/1886-03-27/ed-1/seq-1/ocr.txt', label: 'text/plain', meta: '', }, ] }
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- #5, U 4 uz ~ er will be avoided, and the latter improved, © isa desire to obtain and possess what we RBL 1 _ 2 MpBuflllmmmmm = clamor of ths railroads asd people was, «« - [meier ® H. I. RUSSELL, Publisher. _ Farm Hopics. ' Reputation must be earned before possess- ' 'soldorr aver its\ A FARM AND FIRESIDE JOURNAL, voL. IX. oo eo orm t_ \He that tllleth the fand shall be satisfied with bmmi\—fl’mverbs. #41. satisfied wi nqmlnjl-c‘eiuige- of Farm «Juife of Olden Times, Stories, &o.-=No. 14. Written expressly for Tax Ordroo Famxzn, . BY It BAKER. __ A PAPER FOR YOUNG MEN, ___ Most young men would. like to learn the true road to success, and the course in life most conductive to honor and usefulness. If in aby way we can so point out the evils resulting from wrong, or the ben- efits to secrue from right, so that the form- we shall feel ourself amply rewarded for any advice we can give. One of the most fatal errors of our race have not earned, and of course cannot of right be our own. Some men who claim ta bo honorable will not seruple to adopt 'any dmeans to accomplish thelr ends, in hich they can avoid legal Hability, nomat- Wer how void of honor ot morality such act may be. ' Another mistaken iden is to suppose or expect fortune or success without desery- ing it, Character is of moderate growth, ma ed. - Buceess is but the reward f6r persever- ing effort. Some persons are. always an- ticipating a streak of luck, but observation tBaches that success in ninety-nine cases out of the hundred is the result of person- al efforts deserving it, - Money that is ob- 1 lex mod .. and, the ariswer will universally be, \O minedhyflé Butlmmwmgwfifigfigwmt there is in \| .. 'There. seems to b ~~ swakening in\\ '~1ly<§ ew to pi h on. os? pr TComk - fomatfice arni more gers F ° C r opt imlares. numberd ® - mum gite,but- so fis to drach satisfaction. oC 'The inordinate desire for the obtaining of wealth is one of the errors:of the age. But an ambition for obtaining a compe- tence is important and commendable in every man, when done by hongrable means, Industry and economy is the sure source of such competence. - Choose some honor- able and useful calling, and then persevere in it, is the true course to pursue, Itis usually the small gains saved that Uays the foundation of every fortune, Very few start off in the race of life aba rapid specd of gain, either in knowledge or in wealth, - By continued persevering. effort success is to be conquered and won, To surmount obstacles is in real life as much a trlumph: and victory, as it is in war. | It makes one acquainted with hs ability, and himself. | Such victory and success, In iny «hing .or cause that is right, is a eontinued «wource of joy und happiness. | The person who mever surmouinis or removes All!) ob- stacle in life, who never achicves a trlumph, who never nccomplishes an important end, may count his oip'er existence as a blank, One important difficulty in the absence of fixed rules, is to know what business or _calling to choose or pursue. is certain to never end bad, or to bring regrat is to choose some calling which is useful and beneficial to our race. | Never scloct for life any business which is not a benefit to society, and useful to those. who adopt or use it, no matter how remunera- tive. 20 The useful kinds of business increase with cach passing year. | Every new inven- tlon, every advance in civilization, every introduction of a new species\ of industry by such things, opens and widens the fields wf successful Iabor. | Opportunities for success are in our country continually on the Increase, and so numerous are the use- ful callings that one need not fail of choos ing one which If diligently pursued, will ensure independence and competence. People are apt to look upon those who by their foresight, or sometimes we may say luck, have become notorious for their wealth as the happiest of their race, and <helr-position the most to be envied. No -mistake could. Immen_ If nobe could be happy but the rich, happiness would be confined to the few. - Happiness flees from want, but it ever evades the cates. and «anxisties of wast wealth. What does it now amount to, that Van- erbilt was allowed to become the possess: of of the toast wealth of any man in our nation? - He-could carry into the future no . more of it than can his poorest servant, 'While he lived it simply gave him his food «and raiment. - Any man's Isbor oughttodo that. We would «ather work hard daily for wur bread than to feel and know that we were fed om uneamed food. Our new country in its development gives eppor- tunitles for some persons to become Im-] mensely rick. The projectors of the Erie Canal saw in it great wealth for our State. Bo confident were our people that they in their laws an- in the canals of the State a source f reyenue that woald ins faw yers be adequste to the publip wants, But soon | the railroads of the State extending from ri Afor free freight and rights eeiangns thnt gives gain. spending money. A rule which | even if he sometimes does. the thing you pay your money for, is more useful to you than its cost before you part with your money in exchange for it. - The pext rule is et to spend your earnings, if possible to avoid it, in advance. money before you spend it, debt. - Do without everything possible be- fore tunning in debt for it. credit is better than money, - Neither will it buy any cheaper or more readily. We would advise every person, no mat- ter what his circumstimees or prospect to become competent, if possessing the abili- ty, by learning a trade to obtain a livelihood by some kind of labor. jury, if never useful. such trade or ability will be of use. much more easy to become poor than it is to get rich. The down road is often trav- eled much the most rapidly, | Think over all the names of wealthy men you can, and transit are ahead of, canals, and the people of New York to-day are foolishly taxing themselves, trying to keep alive a ghostly shadow of the railroads competitor. Or. dinary foresight bad ought to have protected. property which the people had so liberally built up, and saved its earnings by dividing of profits to alk.the people of the State, in- stead of suffering a few individuals to ab- sorb such vast sums to the public loss. ~ We have thus digressed to show how changes sometimes give means for the con- centration of large wealth, , The building up of towns and villages also often give rise to rapid, gain by increase of values of real estate. The discovery of coal, of minerals, of oil, etc., have each made their millionaires. - Buch opportunities will con- tinue while out country advances, \We find no fault with such gain or luck as we may call it, when. such increase is legiti- mate, - But the man who,createsa corner in food, and fattens himself at the'expense of the vast body of its consemers, is in our estimation a species of legalized Nbbeg. There are many sources 'of gain 'of the some class, where nothing is produced, and money simply made to change hands, for the benefit of the few, to the injury of the any. mate, useful industry, and thus obtain cap- ital, which is nothing but labor consolidat- ed, accumulated,. aggregated, | added to- gether, are euriching themselves and their country at the same time, | Thisis the kind of gain we advocate. After this digression we will-proceed to Th possess an independent competence, That is what makes one rich,. When we can command enough for our needs, wg are We never 'saw the man who was rich enough to satisfy his wants. Buch a thing would be an anomoly. Our needs can be supplied-our wants never. Dr. Franklin in Poor Richard, gave -all there is to learn in becoming a capitalist. Itis simply to spend less than you earn. It is not the sum earned, but the sum saved, Gain is capital. \The man or woman who saves any sum Over and above that expended is daily to the ampunt saved, becoming a capitalist. That is all there is in being a capitalist, of which we hear and read so much, l Singular that a thing so easy, should be improved y so few. The chances for gain have dncreased every decade of our life. Bo too have the opportunities for In fact the latter have ertirely won in the race. We seldom if ever see a person who cannot spend money. But we can count as many us we please who do not save it. + Honesty is the first requisite for success, A dishonest man never deserves to win, Be sure that ch. see how many of them started rich. third generation. only one we now think of. fall to have it. Those who procure their gains by ligiti- the world/by many people, including even noted divines, but such does not, nor will not, change the-fact.- It is 'so. -It may not. beat once, or even in years apparent, for \'the wicked may flourish like the green bay tree,\ but time tells. -It is. practically impossible for a man to pursué a course of wrong for years and not have it recoil up- on him and his. We can call to mind no instance of escape. - But those of merited retribution of pdrspn or farnily ate number- Tess, No man approves of vice in others, no matter how depraved himself, No man can desire that his son be intemperate, or a thief, or his wife or daughter impure, or unchaste, unless he himself has become so debased as to fail to possess a single quality of manhood. Respect is always paid to virtue, is an old adage, but always true. Take our advice, boys, young men, and old ones will not be hurt by following it, and that is, never seek for or expect happi- ness to follow the commission of a wrong act. - Such expectation will be in vain. A power Far above awd beyond our personal control bas already fixed the laws which are to govern us physically and morally. If we expect to change them in our indi- vidual cases, we will be disapointed. cannot be done. It The penalty of their vio- ' COOPERSTOWN, N. Y,.SATURDAY, MARCH 27, 1886. Farmers' and Gardeners' Association of NfiHford, - Reported Exp p for the Orezao The regular meeting of the Farmers' 'and Gardeners' Association of Milford, held March 17th, was called to order by the President, Menzo Wilcox. Report of last meeting read by the Secretary, S. H, Sher- man, which was adopted. 'The constitu- tion and by-laws were next brought up, which gave the organization the name of \'The Farmers' and Gardeners' Associs: tion,\ rlso mentioning the duties of the several officers. - Motion made and carried to necept the by-laws for discussion. . Mr. Andrew Todd was. then call on to deliver an address-on the \Care and Man- agement of Poultry.\ Mr. Todd. came forward and expressed himself as surprised mt the iden of being called upon to give some valuable hints on poultry raising for profit, as he, to use his own language, knew so liitle about the business; but be- fore he had done speaking he proved that his experience in poultry raising for profit, was not so mited after all. Mr. Todd branches out in the discussion by asking the question: \Is producing eggs at an average price of 18 cents per dozen, at our home market (which is the price they lave averaged for the:last twen- nest full of eggs, while if sho sits in tht hen-house or on a scaffold, there will be several eggs that will not hatch. - Mr. Todd sprinkles his eggs while sitting With water, to supply this lnck of moisture. 1C Mr. Podd also urges the necessity bf keeping young hens; saying that a hen that will lay 150 eggs the first year will decrease from 25 to 50 cach year after that, ind believing that they should seldom be kept after two years. old, and never affer tlirke years old. tog Mr. Todd thinks that a person should thoroughly understand poultry raising .to make it a profitable business: | He says that people are aftitid to invelt id the pout try business because they fuy \'the market will be overstocked with eggs.\ - He then mentioned the 15,000,000 dozens of egge imported last year from foreign countries, and thinks there is nd danger of over'stock- ing the market, as long as we are import- ing eggs for bome demand. He again mentioned the profits from producing eggs and said: I tried hop raising and grew poorer financially every year. | I tried dat rying and made out to live, and that was all. I tried poultry raising and shucked the mortgage off my farm with ease. Mr. Todd was asked what kind of fowls he considered the most profitable. | Had no the Plait Inte and avoid the old- buige 22,222 occ, f cls l Drilus should hiv a fall of per-roth > Horses and colt Ted better mangers. | Tet. tto anfihial 86 placed helpletely . titkeateited with id chitics of, bScupe: | The alan Who mikes Arditigrowing pay _. 1s one who always Idows what to do, and | - does it at thE proper tlnte: __ &C A turkly 14 April should to find eating b: #. your caléulations 16 ths year.. - In sowlllp timothy will wheat atidother grains : ing the gtddnd dfoge¢d arid Fofted thet: The New York Piu Prof,. Arnold has foun f two of corn fheal agit nitlé of JinkSel méal satiifictory\ as # fhe mileh cows: | > | CC A sure cure for leaking teats id iP piace & fist india-rubber ring high uy afta the udder of ® cow that drops her willl just. after milking, and keop it there as week, or longer if necessary. Get your Keep out of No mun's It will be no in- But the chances are It is We often see the way property goes in a republic where it Is not entailable. No in- stance but one, can we call to mind where muy considerable sum hns passed to the 'The Astor estate is the Buccess depends too upon perseverence, The man who often changes business or places to live seldom ever amountéto much. There are perhaps exceptions enough to make the rote perfect. | Stick, if you ex- pect to win. Of coursa we expect you to aim at something attainable and possible. If you are only a clerk, or a hired man, be so trusty and faithful as to become as near indespensable as possible to your employer. Deserve a good name and you will seldom Never make a promise not intended to be fulfilled prompily at the specified time The man who always fulfills his promise commands his neighbor's purse. Nothing is of more Importance for success. No matter how important or trifling the sub- fect, be. prompily on time. Fulfil to the letter every agreement, or buy yourself off honorably: Notmatter how much to your present dimmdrantage, never forfel: your wordfor terfporary gain, for such gain is lation is as sure to follow as is night to suc- ceed day. - No one has or can escape. | He that teaches a different doctrine, teaches falsely, and gives the lie to every proof in the universe around us. t ---# Associated Dairying. PE. ... _ déamponitce drd eral substitution of the system of associat- ed dairying for the old method of butter making on every farm, and I am glad to see the Mirror and Farmer lending its voice und influence in favor of the newer and beter way. It certainly sems to be: useless to repeat the many and strong arguments in favor of co-operative butter making, and yet it is ap- purently necessary to constantly keep the matter agitated in order to secure favorable results, We need no longer go to the Northwest for examples of successful creameries or butteries. There are now numbersof these well established in Maine, Massachusetts and Connecticut, with a re- corded experience open to all. - With the exception of a very few, wherethe manage- ment has not been of the right kind, the uniform result is more money from the same cows returoed monthly to the cow owners than under the old: system, while all the labor, annoyance and losses incident to toaking butter at home and then. selling it have been avoided. . This result iscorrob- orated by the market reports. - I have late- ly been examining the weekly market re- ports for a series of years and find that there is on the average, about five cents difference between the price at which the very best of dairy butter sells and the gen- eral price for the very best creamery but- ter. At certain seasons of the year the difference is much greater, running even to 12 cents. There is thus enough more paid for the filtoduct of the creamery than for that of the single dairies in the same locality to pay all the expenses of running the factory and interest upon the capital invested. - But abother and much more important consideration is this: ''The de- pressing effect which the manufacture and sale of buttcrine and the other imitations and substitutes for butter bas had upon the dairy market applies almost exclusively to the grades of butter know as dairy,\ that is, the butter which is made and sent to market under the old system of manufact turing the milk on the farm where produced. The highest grades of creamery butter, -and the product of nearly all the New have scarcely felt the effect of the bogus butters so largely sold in all our markets While we ought to unite in supporting every proper effort to force the bogus butters to be sold for what they really are, aad there is no measure which at present prom ises such good results as increasing the quantity of the high grades or creamery butter, which so far gaffer little or none from this fraudulent competition. After a very careful stidy of the whole «ituation I am fully convinced that the best weapon with which to conquer adulterated and imitation butter is the butter factory or creamery. Consequently the extension land, the co-operative factory on the cream ed. -{H. E. Alvord in Mirrorand Farmer. _--@+4~----- has probs! | by having firm come too early. nre ~- Connecticut gites & State ty years,) and raising chickens at an aver- age price of 25 cents each, profitable business?\ iness. Ask them if they \keep hens?\ and atte for the samepurpose; yowase themif they: are profitable. kept uny account of receipts or expenses?\ curried on scientifically, the most profitable business that a farmer can engage in, and gives his experience in corroboration of the same. - Says that he started in the poultry business one fall with 150. bens, and re- solved to keep a strict account of all re- ceipts and expenses, and at the end of the year make a final balance, to satisfy him- self whether It was profitable business or not. F chickens to theamount of $400. - Expenses England factories ranks with the best,-- | of this system, and especially in New Eng- gathering plan, cannot be too strongly urg- Breeding from Jerseys at an early age bly done much injury to the breed. - Although heifers of this breed hvebeenknownwcdvewhen bat little ovaoneywo!d.yettheysbonldnotbe allowed to produce offspring until they are at least two years old. Nothing is gained Bounty of tea protecting prejudice as to the kind if they were large; considered the large fowls the most profit- able begguse they bring more when mark- eted. \He fras then asked to give his meth- od of disinfecting the roosts of licer= Said he used sulphur freely about the hen-house, . and sprinkled kerosene about the roosts, which produces the desired results. s wel then, delivered-a- brief | pec » attical and instructive address on the | ' same subject, in which he gaid that he had no doubt as to the Poultry business: being very profitable and that more attention would be given to that branch of business in the near future. - He also described the construction of his hen-house, which was built for a hot-house, being 40x50 feet, is provided with two floors and a stove and all the necessary apparatus for heating a hot-house, makes it a very convenient and comfortable hen-house. | It has connected with it a yard for the hens, but has never been used for that purpose. Mr. Jarvis thinks the hens do better to run at large. He also advises the feedglg of milk and vegetables, thinks that by so doing the ex- pense of keeping may be reduced one-half, says the floor should be smooth and cover- ed with brin or sawdust, thus making it easy to clean and it should be swept daily and in this way the droppings can be sav- ed, which makes a very valuable fertilizer for the farm or garden; also adds that the fowls should have a drink of pure clean water twice each day, says we will be sur- prised at the amount they will drink. Mr. Jarvis also mentions carbolic acid, in addi- Farmers generally do not pay attention o their poultry to make it a profitable bus- \Don't know, never have Mr. Todd considers poultry raising, when salt, mix He sold during the year, eggs and ive hills, for food and labor did not exceed $200, and if figured closely would be much less than that; but to make an estimate in round numbers, called the expenses $200, leaving n net cash profit of $200, beside saving 150 pullets to take the place of the 150 old hens which he started with ot the begin- ning of the year. Said that he did not give the poultry any special attention, al. lowing thein to Foam about wherever they chose, thus the labor attending the busi- ness was a very small consideration, | He thinks the lnbor of attending the care of the most 'Under to-day is thinks that the profits would be much lurg- er from the hous thin from the cows, and for every dollar invested in the poultry bustacss you will be paid two in return, and will not require one-quarter as much labor as the same amount invested in hop raising or dairying. On feeding the poultry, - Mr. Todd keeps grain before his hens all the time, prefer- ring corn in winter because it posscsses more heat producing qualities than other grains. | He also advises a change in diet frequently, substituting in the place of | corn, lighter grain, such as oats, whent, buckwheat, vegetables, &c. - He also states that corn should never be fed in summer, as it produces too much hent, and is quite apt to kill the fowls. He advises the feed- ing of fresh ment, and that it must be clean and free from noxious odous. . They also need food in winter to produce the egg-shell, for which he considers bone, ground or broken, the best thing that can be fod; clam shells are also useful, prepar- ed the same as bone; crockery and glass, broken into fine particles, isalso essential to aid in preparing the food for digestion, and poultry raising will be a failure unless these things are looked after, for without them hens will not lay. Cleanlizess is next in order. - The roosts should be swept out often, be well vent lated, kept dry and well supplied with sun- light. Another very important festure is the hatching and rearing of chickens, which requires much care: Chickens of different should not be allowed to raw togeth- ef, and should never be fed com meal. Mr. Todd feeds his chicks when first batched, on wheat bread soaked in milk, and when they are three or four days old he feeds them freely on wheat and buck- wheat, and by following this method of feeding he seldom looses a chicken with the gapes. He thinks that fanters make a mistake by keeping too many hens in the mme house or yard, he thinks that not mare than 100 should be allowed to run which was to have beer read by B. :| Bates on that very importsut subject, '\Oleomargarine was put over for the next meeting. . Motion was then made and seconded that the by-laws and constitution be accepted as | they were, and was carried by a unanimous vote. 'The names of those who wished to be- come members of the association were then taken by paying the small pittance of fifty cents as admission fee, which goes to pay the expenses of the Association. ----<#4@a-- Surface Mannring-MHulching. Naturo's mode of manufacturing and [ preserving fertility of soil is by spreading nearly everything on the surface; and un\ ture in most cases is a safe guide. - Leaves in forests and grass and weeds on prairies and fields are deposited on thesurfice each year, preserving fertility and causing giant forest trees to grow.. Besides, plentifal |© mulching preserves nitrogen and moisture | 50 about the plants; also securing them from the badeffects of too much sun beat; also in' winter secures crops from much injury by freezing and heaving out or being blown CS bare by the spring winds, as the fine | ure falls into the cracks of the soil and nourishes the roots. | Careful experiment and elose observation everywhere show that Hberal top dressing, surface manuring On most crops-winter grains, meadows, and some spring crope-is the best-mode of. applying manures. -{ Maryland Farmer. c mund r $20,000 It is a good time now to begin the hot-bed fof early plants; Plenty 0 fresh horse manureshould be collected & kept in a dry place: -It should contaitt af little coarse litter as possible; , Cee n Cdbnmguodformwgmé—fiéfiffii i6¢.. ' give it good. flavor.. Keepipg-d-amall - a longer timeis better than qatek favor and injures its \ __ To destroy the cabbage WorH; tald fing\ ly ground black peppef and finely gtothid bulk. | This is dusted on with a fine wire .~ sifter while the dew is on. | It will kill the ° worms at once. The same remedy may be used for extirpating the current worm: Experiments made last year at the NeW York experimental station to ascertaid the difference in the yield between seed pots toes taken from the mostand least ceeded the latteras seven to ten. | Hence, it appears that it pays to select seed frout that of raising continuous crops of head grains, the land must eventually» becomd ~ exbousted. soil its lost elements. bandry is a step in advarice of exclusive ' grain growing, aust the ubc of purchased fertilizers is knoth6t. _ es A nurseryriats of Watréu county, it 1s said; claimi-iw 'be «ble to-grow - apple# 1000 hens would be much less than to prop- aficfinkfmwne and sulphur, asa good dis without cofts: - Hi théfoy I8 to bend the cure 25 * i , p hd in-- erly care for 25 dairy cows, and he also By this time it was lute, snd the pai twig whet? the size of g'gfnuil elder; «hd in- | sert the top in the grofind: When th6 fop takes root sufficiently cut it off fife butt, and stake it up perpendl 'The result will be a tree growling butt eng up, which avdémboralizes nature that barren- - ness of coré and sheds ensues,\ .. . A New York paper takes a sensible view 'of the worth and profit of forms. | It shy¥ _| that'f the owner of ngmb‘fd'ni‘fim‘ * could - not A nearaswell as it was to the farth/for the:. interest on capitil would not begin to prof | vide him with houses, provisions, .comforte? and luxuries whith he enjoyed tn the farnly but which he took Httle: accoutit of fi his book-keeping. 60, L 'The Chicago Timé publishes deveral columns of repo on fhe winter wheat crop from the entira biét from Oho: foihs' | Pacific slope. 1886i¥ftom\ 8 to 10 per cent > rm Notesi £ two inck from fo where it will bé ~. ° by. a stronger ond , Ohtistmis: Retuember this in Hest resdll8 af6 obtained by hav- dle rkiillires that of bran; boi fof 'the jost Cole witha little plaster to incredig th# ! det: it was found that the former ex! productive hills. the old system of agriculture; 'The work of the farmer of of restoring t thd Partial stock-hbus? largely that ve were tossl} if at this figure he\ polibly fivest th6 money tefod the of 1885, le part ofthe ero g- The The case of i is another Important sqifject, which 2 Todd mpaisinet well ¢ He
