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a u b u r n j o u r n a l . T V isinesdayj M a y I 3 » 1 8 1 6 . ____ WAR W ITH MEXICO. The T exas iniquity, as w as predicted, has at last resulted in a w a r! The declaration o f th e General that he would commence an at tack if within 38 hours the arm y o f occupation did not retire from his position—his order that tho t w w i«n consul and residents leave Mata- moras in 24 hours—the blockade of the Rio Grande by order of the A m erican G eneral—the movement o f a portion of tlie Mexican army acrosi the Rio G rande and their occupation o f a position b etw een P o in t Isabel and the A m erican camp, thus cutting off its supplies—the capture of several of its provision w agons—the m urder of Col. Cross, L ieut. P o rter and others—are eyents which leave little room for doubt that the U nited States are, a t this moment, involved in an actual w a r w ith Mexico. W e have, too, a t the same tim e, accounts o f other events, w hich leave as little room for doubt that the occupation of the left b ank of the Rio G rande, b y the A m erican ar m y, was an act o f blundering policy—of con summate folly, on the p art of this government.— All the accounts that have reached us for m onths, from Mexico, have indicated such a state of inter nal dissension—of anarchy—of every thing b u t actual revolution, as to render a formal, aggressive w a r agaiust the U nited States almost an impossi bility. Now, in such a condition of things, it seems almost certain, that this Government might have adopted towards Mexico such a prudent, conciliatory course o f policy, as to lead to an amicable adjustment of difficulties—or, at least, to a postponement o f actual hostilities to a period when the A m erican arm y w ould not have to contend against that terrible Mexican weapon which G en. A lmonte lately boasted his couutry could successfully b ring against it, namely the vomito, or yellow fever. This G overnment, iu the plenitude o f its power, could have been magnanimous towards a nation all the more sensitive from a consciousness o f its weakness. Without humiliating itself, it might have so negotiated with Mexico as to satisfy h e r true interests w ithout w ounding h e r pride. F o r instance, when Mexico refused to receive Ml'. Slidell as Minister Plenipotentiary, for the reason that diplomatic relations h ad ceased to exist be tw een the two countries, b u t expressed a wil lingness to treat w ith him or any one else in the capacity of Agent of this Government, w hy did not this G overnment accede to tlie proposition, aud send an Agent— not Mr. Slide]], b u t J . Q. Adame, Van Buren, Clay, W ebster, Benton, or some other w'no3e great uame at home aud abroad w m il have flattered Mexican pride, and insured him a favorable and distinguished reception 1— Bat no, instead of an agent aud such an agent, it sonds an a rm y ! Instead of pursuing such a con- ciliitory policy, it sends an army to the Rio Grande, if u jt to absolutely make, a t least to pro voke and invite aggression, at a season too, w hen tue climate must, in all probability be more fatal to n i.- troops than the Mexican arms—and thu3 c.r.a.u nciiig another edition of the Florida war, b it. with consequences infinitely more momen- ; u and appalling! And as if to bring out in ....1 stronger light the folly o f our government, rli last arrivals bring u3 intelligence o f an insur- J-.loa in the departm ent of Mexico, with Gen . .1 Ju.m Alvarez a t its head, and w hich, like the \o/jm e n t at V era Cruz, has for its object the re- . 11 and restoration to power of Santa A nna— s.. d the further intelligence that a part of the Mex- ' .a army a t Matamoras has been ordered by L resident P aredes to Mexico for the purpose of * impressing that insurrection. These events con' firm the opinion, that Mexico has not been in a condition to carry on a foreign w ar, and that she has commenced hostilities only because she has absolutely been forced to do so by the insulting, hostile and aggressive movements o f the A m eri can army. It is, indeed, hardly true to say that she commenced hostilities. She rather acted in self-defence—and our government m ust be h eld responsible. * T h e MR. POLK AND T H E TARIFF. During tbe canvass o f 1844, the people were assured b y the Locofoco leaders, that Mr. Polk was more o f a protective tariff man than H enry Clay. In P ennsylvania they emblazoned upon their banners “ P o l k a n d D a l l a s a n d t h e T ar i f f o f 1342.\ T h e W higs exposed this foul frand, b u t so emphatic were the assertions o f the Locotocos, that they w ere euabled to carry P enn sylvania and New York. This could n o t have been the case had the people really known Mr. Polk’s hostility to tbe present tariff. But the evi dences of this vile cheat are becoming every day more manifest. The Charleston Mercury, the o r <>au of Mr. Calhoun, has been reproaching P o lk ’s administration for its delay in the overthrow of tbe tariff Hear what the official organ of the government, the Union, says in reply. “ B ut to the republicans of the South, we p u t the question distinctly, what one reasonable re quirement o fthe South [m ark, of the South'] has Mr. P o lk failed to comply with I VVhat one Southern political doctrine has not received jus tice, and most ample justice a t his hands 1 It is the tariff doctrine 1 Point out the one S tate pa per in w hich the true tariff policy o f o u r countiy, as understood by the South, is b etter presented, or placed in all its length and breadth upon firm er foundation, than ins the message o f the Presi dent, and in the T reasury report d rawn in pursu ance of i t! \ W e commend the above tc the m en w ho voted for Mr. P o l k as a friend of the present T ariff— The cloven foot is shown most plainly. W e are assured that Mr. P o l k is in favor of the Tariff p o l i c y of the country “ a s u n d e r s t o o d b v t h e S o u t h . ” This is a most precious confession.— Who, after this, w ill pretend that the administra tion is not pledged to carry out the Tariff doc trines of South C arolina! Mr. P o lk was elected by the most downright fraud. The people have just begun to taste the b itter cup o f Locofocoism. They w ill ba compelled to swallow it to its very dregs. In this w ay they may possibly learn w is dom. * FORT H ILL CEM E T E R Y . W e take pleasure in calling tbe attention of our citizens, to the \ act to incorporate, the F o it Hill Cemetery association,” which will b e found in our columns to-day. All w ill rejoice that so im portant a step has beeu taken towards the appro priation of one of nature’s loveliest spots, as the depository of the hallowed dead. It is de lightful—it is consoling to think, that the bodies of those to w hom we have been united by ten- derest ties, m ay dwell in such beautiful abodes, after their spirits shall have taken flight to still brighter mansions. I t is beautiful to think, that a spot o’er’which in dreamy delight, w e have so oft w andered in life, w ill be the place where we may lie down, to our last earthly repose,— per chance to pleasant dreams. Who then will not lend his aid to so beautiful, so hallowed au un dertaking 1 The following on this subject, we copy from the Tocsin. “ W e publish to-day the act incorporating an as sociation for the purpose of procuring a burial plane for the dead, adjacent to our village. The name is indicative of the spot which lrn been considered the b est one for the object. Covered as it is w ith ancient forest trees, and susceptible, from tbe nature of its soil, of a high degree o f cul tivation ; with a variety of hill aud vale, o f com manding and extensive prospect, and sequestered and lonely dell, it may b e made, if our citizens will enter into the spirit o f the enterprise, a most beautiful depository for the remains o f our de parted loved ones, and friends. It the T rustees should select the spot alluded to, they will, we understand, cause it to be surveyed, plotted and mapped immediately, and the necessary steps ta ken to m ake it all that such a place should be.” W e cannot doubt b u t “ onr citizens w ill enter into the spirit o fthe enterprise.” If they shall per- fOrUl tliOir a.3 nature has done hers— F ort Hill, w ill be to A uburn, w h at Mount A uburn Js to Boston, Mount Hope to Rochester— or G reen wood toNevv-York. How small the undertaking -how great the recompense! * M E X ICAN WAR. Although apprehensive o f the w orst, w e hardly supposed that the same num b er ot o u r paper which contained the article w hich w e yesterday penned ou this subject, would also contain later intelligence, more that confirming the apprehen sions we expressed. That intelligence shows that w ar w ith Alexico, is no longer as something to be anticipated o r apprehended—but th at it has actually commenced—that it Is a fixed fact. The accounts are full, graphic, and bear the impress of truth. They show a most critical, perilous, disastrous situation aud condition o f the A m erican army. Every body i3 astounded with the now developed truth o f th at toi w hich before, it seemed almost impossible to give credit, namely, that this G overnment has w ithout apparent or satislac- ory cause, placed its w hole regular army iu a po sition of imminent and extreme danger. Aud the more imminent the danger, the more significant, because the question that every body asks, and which nobody can answer, “ W hy was the ar m y sent to the Rio Grande ?”—for every body is of opinion, that if it had n o t gone after the Mex icans, tho Mexicans w ould not have come after it. W h io C u rrency.—The Ohio Statesman gives the names of three hundred and ninety-four banks against w hich are placed the w ord failed and fraud. The list extends back b u t twenty years, and is far from being complete.—Onondaga Stan dard. H ere we have a characteristic Locofoco fling against the W hig party, in the caption chosen for the above item. “ Whig Currency,” indeed ! when it is known b y all who have any knowl edge on the subject, that as regards the great bo dy of the Institutions alluded to, the Whigs a3 a party, o r as individuals, have virtually nothing to do w ith them. Take for instance the Safety F u nd Banks of this state,—as all that is said of these, in this connection, is equally true touching nearly or quite every other section in the Union. They were chartered by Locofoco Legislators—signed by Locofoco Governors,— th eir stock divided among Locofoco officers—and nearly every cent of th eir profits secured to Locofoco owners, until the Wliigs w ere gradually enabled to secure a share b y the paym ent .of large sums in the way of ad vance upon the original cost! And y et, all this being true as to almost nearly every banking institution of the country, we are continually pointed in the Locofoco p rints to w h at they are pleased to designate as among the evils o f the “ Whig b a n k s!” O sham e! shame ! C o n v e n t i o n , a n d th o D u t y o f th o W h i g P a t t y . The E lection of D elegates to the State C onven tion has taken place, and that grave body meets in June to enter upon the work o f re-modelling the organic law o f our great State. Tlmt its de liberations may bo auspicious, and that it may give the People a C onstitution eminently worthy of this giant of the Confederacy, should be the prayer of every true son of New York. W e have an abiding confidence, from the character, integri ty, and ability of a great portion of the D elegates, without distinction of party, that the public ex pectation w ill not b e disappointed, and that, un der the influence of a new Constitution, our State will advance with rapid strides in the career o f greatness and prosperity. W e are well aware that a highly respectable portion of the Whig party, whoso fidelity to Whig principles has never b een questioned, have from the first been opposed to the Convention, from the fear they entertained that it w ould fall into the hands of men illy qualified for the duties of fram ing the organic law of the S tate. This feeling was mo3t natural, and had its origin in no m otives but those of patriotism. But it must now be cou ceded that tlie Convention is, as a w hole, an able- nlighteiied and patriotic body, and we shall cou tiuue to think that its deliberations w ill deserve the support and encouragement of the People, until w e have the most abundant evidence to the contrary. It is most natural that there should be differ ences of opinion among the Whigs w ith regard to many questions conneetcd with the subject of Constitutional Reform, and so long as such differ ences are discussed in a dignified, mild nnd con ciliatory spirit, it is all very well, and will do no harm. The principles of the Whig p arty are clearly defiaed. They are broad, comprehensive and patriotic, and look to the true and permanent interests of the country. W e think there has been too much of a disposition lately to interpo late new doctrines iuto the W hig creed. But this should not lead to iutemperate denunciation. W e cannot all see eye to eye upon a variety of minor questions, b u t w e can unite most thorough ly and heartily upon those great and cardinal measures of the W hig party, w hich have k ept us together in a solid phalanx for years. Our m otto should he—“ In things GssQutial let thoi’o be U ni * t y ; in non-essentials, L i b e r t y ; in all things, C ilA R IT Y .” Wo hope the Whig party throughout the State will inculcate a spirit o f m o d eration and forbear ance. W e hope there will b e no attempt to raise new issues, a n d urge them upon th e party w ith- -*at regard to consequences. W h ile each m cm - bor of tho party will entertain his own views up on the various questions o f Constitutional Reform, they should not be made the standard o f political ojt-iodoxy. There is nothing to be gained h y denunciation a n d intolerance, a n d every to he lost. The Whig platform is broad enough for all to stand upon. Let us not so narrow it down as to render it the embodiment of b u t one idea. The W hig banner is a glorious o n e ; u n d er its protection w e have fought many a noble battle and achieved some brilliant victories; let us still cling to it in its original integrity. Do not let us imoair our strength b y running in pursuit of the different factions w hich are constantly springing np around u», and which w ill have b u t an ephe m eral existence. _______________ PROSCRIPTION. W e see b y the N ational Intelligencer, that the odiou3 w ork of proscription has re-commenced at Washington, w ith all the furor that marked the incoming o f P olk & Co. During the past ar.d previous w eeks the guillotine has been ac tively em ployed; decapitating some ol the oldest and most efficient officers of the government—' among them, m en w ho have served through six successive administrations, and b ee n approved by all. W e have truly fallen upon enlightened times. The virtue that satisfied M o n r o e , A d ams , J acksos , & c., is not virtuous, enough for Mr. Polk. The salt of Locofocoism must be politi cally aiticised beyond all precedent p u n g e n cy. __ W hat criminality it is to be a W h ig ! W hat m ore than infamy it is to think differently from olhers upon the all governing subject of politics. T h e proscriptions of the triumvirate that succeeded Julius Ctezar w ere no worse than these—the pow e r only being w anted now, to make them equa ly atrocious. Verily, this foul b lo t should be effaced, and speedily, from o u r national es cutcheon. * S3P N ext Tuesday, it w ill b e borne in mind is the time designated for settling the L icensk ques tion in the several towns throughout th© State. All w ho feel interested will o f course m ake it m u.i cst in the appropriate way. EM P IRE HOUSE, SYRACUSE. Syracuse is making great improvements in tho way of enlarging aud improving its old H otels, as well as in building new ones—The Em pire H o u s e , through w hich, a day or two since, w e had the pleasure o f passing, beiug one of the m ost ex tensive aud best arranged establishments in the State. The Em pire Block fronts on Salina-st extending 243 feet, and on C linton Square, being ou the north side of the canal, 132 feet. Tlie wings are four stories high, the main building five stories, w hich last is surmounted by a m agnificent dome, from wliich may b e obtained an extended view of the Onondaga valley and lake, as w ell as of the innumerable villages scattered for m iles in nearly every direction. The prospect is varied and agreeable In the extreme. The first story o f the building is occupied by 17 stores, (all o f w hich, we believe are w ell rent ed,) and a small portion of the second story with offices. The D ining Hall aud the B all Room both splendid apartments, the former being 90 by 60 feet—the latter 104 b y 50—aud each of a height and finish commensurate w ith its size, forming a couple of apartments not to be exceed ed by any in tho Stato. The whole number of rooms for the accommodation o f guests and board ers is about 140, many o f which, we learn have already beeu secured by single boarders and fam ilies. The several halls and passages are airy and well lighted—and tho different offices, reading, receiving, and drawing rooms are large, hand some apartments, and appear to have been loca ted with due regard to the comfort of visitors. The cost of the building, ground, & c., w c w ere informed, was about §80,000, while the outlay for furniture will not be far from §20,000, which seems to tiave been expended with a due regard to correct taste. The carpet for one single apart ment, the drawing room, it is said, w ill cost $700 —and we are informed that all the o th er apart ments are to h e fitted up iu a corresponding man ner. Capt. M iller , the affable lessee of tbe estab lishment, has from his position for m any years ou the steamboats of the W estern lakes, formed an extensive acquaintance with the travelling pub lic, w hich, in connexion with the many comforts and advantages of the E mpire H ouse , camiot/ail to ensure for it an extended patronage. There is one idea, w hich w e must not forget to m ention: Tho establishment alluded to, is to be conducted upon tlie T emperance principle—it has no bar, but is to be in Syracuse, what the Marlboro is iu Bofitoii, and the Delevnn in Albany, Success cannot fail to crown the effort. It is to b e open ed the present w eek. ATTEM P T ON LOUIS PH IL L IP’S LIFE. W e translate the following account of the re cent attem pt on Louis Phillip’s life, from the Courrier de3 B tats Unis. The name o fthe assas sin, is neither L aconate nor Loconate, b n t Lecomte. He was, says the Journal des Debats an ancient Keeper-general o f the forest of F ontainblean.— This expression induces us to believe that he had been deprived of his place, and it is probable that his attempt, may have b een an act of personal vengeance, and w ith which politics had nothing to do. It is so difficult to explain otherwise, it is, indeed, so destitute of cause, so monstrous, so stu pid, that vve are compelled to believe iu this ex planation, o r rather ini this supposition. Tlie musket was, as it appears loaded w ith three balls, whieh p en etrated the curtains of the royal carriage and cut the fringe. The carriage was the family vehicle, which Qaeen Victoria found so elegant and commodious at the C hateau cl’Eu, that Louis Phtllipe ordered a similar one for her. The queen,, the princess A idelaide, the dutchess d e Nemours, and the prince and prin cess of Salerno, w ere with the King iu the car riage; which offered to the assassin,all the greater facility, as it was almost entirely open. These circumstances render the escape o f tllfl Kill!) SO much the more astonishing, so much tho more miraculous. * ANECDOTE OF NAPOLEON. IVo translate the following anecdote from G en. Montholon’s H istory of the St. Helena C aptivity. The Em p eror told us, apropos of this event, a curious anecdote, and which calls to mind the m ill oi Sans Souci and the great F rederic W hen it w as in contemplation to build the palace of the King of Rome, upon the heights, opposite the Champ-de-Murs, it became necessary to purchase, not only the grounds, but the fixtures occupying the spot destined for tlie buildings and gardens. A poor m an, a cooper by trade, owned a shop, the demolition of which w as indispensable. The architects estimated its value a t a thousand francs, and commenced a negotiation with the proprie tor. He w as a shrew d N ormand—and asked 10,- 000 francs. The Em p eror ordered that tho sum be paid. But w hen they took him the money aud offered him the contract to sign, ho declared that upon reflection, inasmuch as tho Em peror was going to disarrange him, lie must pay him for his removal, and give him 30,000 francs. “ Out- man is a little exorbitant,” said the Emperor, “ b u t there is some force in his argum ent; let the 30,000 francs 1)0 paid, and let me h ear no more about it.” But, “ w hen you take lace, you can not take too much,” says the popular proverb, and our cooper thought this an excellent occasion to p u t it in practice. He retnsed the 30,000 francs nnd said, that, considering w h at an estab lishment in Paris, w ould cost him, he could n o t take less than 40,000f. The Em peror was in formed o f it, anil w as somewhat angry, b u t he authorized the purchase a t 40,000f. But the cooper again retracted, and exacted 50,000f. “ H e is a wretch,” said the E m peror, “ I will not have his old shop; it shall stand where it is as a testimonial of my respect for tlie law s.” NEW PUBLICATIONS. M e n t a l A r i t h m e t i c , or First Lessons in N u m bers. For C h ildren. B y J a m e s B. T h o m son, A M. Published b y J. C. D e r b y & Co., A u b u rn. 06 pages. Mr. Thompson has already been very success- full as the author of several works o f a higher character—and it w ill b e a source o f of pleasure to m any w ho have become acquainted w ith his former efforts, to learn of his present w ork for the yoUDg. This, it w ill b e noticed, is intended as comprising the first lessons in numbers, and s i m p l i c i t y has therefore been sought in all its rules as well as in all its examples. Every effort seems to have b een made to bring all things rela ting to it down to the youngest capacity. As one example it m ay b e mentioned, owing to the fact that “ children comprehend and rem em ber w ords more easily than figures, and reason upon them with so much greater facility, the numbers and tables in the first p a rt o f the book, are expressed in w ords.” Taken as a whole, it is admirably adapted for the class for whose benefit it is spe cially intended—and we rejoice to learn that it has already been very generally introduced into moat of th e schools in this vicinity. T h e N e w C l e r k ’ s A ssistant , a Book o f p ractical F o rm s b y J o h n S. Jenkins, Esq. C o u n sellor a t L aw. This is a volume o f some 250 pages, published by J . C. D erby & Co. It is the most complete work o f th e kind that has come under o u r obser vation. The forms of th e old books are shortened and simplified, and forms on m any additional sub- jeets are embraced in the work. It is n o t only for th e use of county and town and school district officers, and of professional m en, b u t of all busi ness men. It is useful to every one w ho makes a bargain—and a more appropriate title would be the Business Man's Guide. The author says iu his preface, that it has been his aim to simplify and reduce within reasonable compass, the forms in ordinary use, and present others, the absence o f which, iu previous w orks, has b een a v ery g en eral source of regret; that among tho new features of the work, may be- found those of A uctions, B anks and Corporations, bounty on coal, salt, &c., fees of officers, m echan ics lien, the execution and return of process, taxes and assessments and others of general importance. The forms are accompanied by practical re marks, and references to the revised Statutes, and decisions o f the C ourts o f the S tate. * T h e H i s t o r y o f Rom anism , from the Earliest corrup tions o f C h r istianity to th e p r e s e n t tim e , b y R e v . J .D o w - ling, A M. Pastor ofthe Bereaa Church, New York. H ere is an important w ork—treating as it does of the most powerful divisions into which the world has b eeu divided for many hundreds of years. It comprises a beautifully printed volume of 700 octavo pages—embellished with 50 ele gant engravings— and although the various mat ters treated of, are in a measure necessarily con densed, it is believed to b e at the same time m ore full and more explicit than any other similar work. ] t cannot fail to secure a place in every well-selected library. TH E AMERICAN REVIEW . We have received the May No. of this w ork It is full o f interesting aud valuable papers. It opens w ith a notice of “ T he Life and T imes of M a r t i n V a n B u r e n , &c., by W. L. M a c k e n z i e . ” W e thiuk the Reviewer manifests too much sensitiveness as to th e manner M ackenzie obtained the materials for his work, b u t w ith the rest of the article we are highly pleased. lh e article entitled the “ T h e I n d e p e n d e n t T r e a s u r y , ” is a powerful exposure o f the disas trous results which must inevitably follow this measure, in the shape it has passed the House of Representatives. “ P a s s a g e s f b o m t h e L i f e o f a M e d i c a l E c l e c t i c , N o . II.,\ are sketched w ith thrilling and graphic power. “ The Genius o f Thomas H oo d ” receives warm tribute from the pen of a disei'iUliililfillg critic. “ T h e H is t o r y o f P o l a n d , Chap. 1.,\ is an af fecting narrative, and does ample justice to the unfortunate people of that unhappy country. “ E d u c a t i o n o f t h e D e a f a n d D u m b ,” is an elaborate article, full of the most valuable infor mation, aud possesses uncommon interest. “ N a f o l e o n a s d h i s M a r s h a l s ,” is tbe sub ject of a most eloquent dissertation from the pen of H e a d l y . The R eview closes w ith tho usual monthly ar ticle on “ F in a n c e a n d C o m m e r c e ,” and C ritical Notices of New Publications. The P o etry of the present No. is unusually interesting. W e again commend this work to the public J. C. D e r b y & Co., A gents. * I m p o r t a n t f r o m t h e A r m y o f O c c u p a t i o n • • M a t a m o r a s B l o c k a d e d - L i e u t . P o r t e r a n d T h r e e M e n K i l l e d t N ew O rleans , A pril 23. The steamship T elegraph, arrived a t Galveston, brings accounts to the 21st. The only additional intelligence is a s follows: Just before the T elegraph sailed, news arrived that L ieut. P o rter and a detachment o f ten men, who h ad been sent out on duty n o t far from G eu. Taylor’s encampment, h ad been fired upon by sixty Mexicans, k illing L ieut. P o rter and three of his m e n ; the others succeeded iu making their escape, and returned to the camp. W h ether the party which made this attack were soldiers or robbers, is u n certain; b u t w e believe the M exi can officers say the iatter. The officers h ad al ready said to some of ours that every th icket w as infested wilh banditti, w ho w ould kill for fifty cents and his blanket, and that the Mexican com mander could not think of holding himself ac countable for any accident w hich might happen to detached parties venturing incautiously too far from camp. Gen. Ampudia denies all knowledge of the fate o r whereabouts o f Col. Cross; b u t as the country in the vicinity w h ere he disappeared has been thoroughly searched, and no information of him obtained, it is supposed by many that he- has been sent a prisoner into the interior o f Mexico, instead of having been murdered. Impressions as to the probability of a battle are very much divided. It seems highly probable that the Mexican H a v e D o s e a G o o d T h i n g . —The citizens of Erie have planted the pleasant public square of the borough with trees. In a few year-t they w ill reap an abundant reward for the enterprise as this w as about all that w as w anting to make litis 1 one o f th e most beautiful places we know of.— [Buffalo Pilot. One of the first things in which tho early set tlers of a country seem to delight, appears to b e to cut down every thing of the shape or appear ance of a tree—Scarcely a twig is left. But after a few years have gone, a change of feeling is ap parent—and a desire exhibited tor the growth of farest and o th er trees, as w ell in suitable groves as upon the m argin of the fields, sides ofthe roads, &e. Throughout the w hole of the W estern Dis trict w e appear at this time to have arrived a t the second step—the time of the change alluded to. A desire is in all sections manifested for shrub bery—as w ell in the several villages, as upon the various roads and avenues of the couutry—aud uuless w e are very much mistaken, the n ext do zen years will bring about an improvement in this respect in the appearance of the w hole couti- try, w hich can at present be b u t faintly imagined. The streets and roads will as a general thing be lined, with forest and other trees, giving through out a beauty of aspect, and a fragrance of no other w ay attainable. §3^“ In 1343, the city of N ew York, paid, b y §64,500 a year, for having the streets sprin kled aud swept twice a week by contract.— But it 13 supposed this mode of dealing out the funds did not come u p w ith the uotions of such persons as w ere looking to “ the party ’’ for pay for services rendered—and accordingly in that year the mode was changed. As the fruits o f this chauge, we see that in 1344, the expenses for tho same work were $34,217— w hich was still far ther increased last y ear to §136,361! being more than a doubling of the expense for this one item iu only two y e a rs! The following w ell-timed article is copied from a late num b er of the Rochester Democrat. Au burn, it will be observed, is far from standing alone in its improvements iu the w ay alluded to. C E M E T E R I E S . The people of the country are displaying their good taste in nothing more than in the formation of beautiful places for tlio repose o f the dead. It bespeaks a refinemeut of feeling that m ust ill time exercise a softening influence upon the character, and wear oil' much of the roughness that apper tains to U restless, bustling, enterprising people. B o s t o n h a s lier M o u n t A u b u r n , New York her Greenwood) and R ochester h er Mount H ope. Al bany has ju st commenced improving a lovely spot for the repose o f her dead ; and we notice that tbe L e g i s l a t u r e have ju st passed an act incorporating mi association, for the Village of A uburn, called “ F o r t HilL Cemetery Association.\ While we prutestagaiiist tbe name asiuappropri- ute aud constantly recalling to the mind scenes of strife and bloodshed, we would say that the spot is one of the loveliest among the choice places selected for sucli purposes. Our neighbors at Al bion, Pittsford and Palmyra have also set apart and are now improving appropriate grouuds iu their neighborhoods as resting places for th e dead. There is one improvement about to b e made at Mount A uburn, iu Boston, w hich w e hope in time to see imitated here. This is the erection of a small and neat chapel, near the entrance, a t w hich all funeral services can be held, away from the noise mid bustle o f the citv. A Mrs. K ilpatrick w as yesterday m orning found I dead in h er bed in this village. W e understand she has lung been addicted to habits of intemper- | ance. The New York correspondent of the National Intelligencer revives tlie rumor about the adjust m ent of the O regon controversy in E ngland. He states tliat “ there is a class of politicians in this city, having facilities to obtain information in re garl to our foreign affairs, w ho believe that such communications b etween Mr. McLane, o u r min ister to E ngland, and Lord Aberdeen, or some other member of the British government, have taken place, as substantially settle all pending difficulties. W ith some of these gentlemen have conversed, and find that their opinions ar unchangeable. According to their advices, th •arrangement, in due season, will b e communica ted a t Washington.” We must again stale that there is someextraordimtry mistake in this m atter, that there is no foundation for the statement, tliat I tlio question has not been directly o r indirectly set tled in London, that nothing will probably be I done until the news reaches E ngland of the de cision of Congress. Aud we say tliis w ith the recollection that the Cambria has ju s t brought despatches to onr government from London. Lieutetant P o rter, whose death is announcedin I the news from Mexico, has beeu b u t a short time married. His w ife is a daughter of Major Ben jam in Lloyd Beall, w ho is now in command of the 1st regiment of dragoons, in Texas. Mrs. Ceall and daughter are at F o rt \Washita the late station of Major B ., w here they had been left by their husbands b u t a short time before. W a rning to News P a p e r S c r ib b lers.—The following remarks by the Providence Journal, are ‘ adapted to different meridians,” and w e com I m end them to all who feel any interest iu such [ th ings: “ Persons who w rite on both sides of the paper m ust not complain if they never hear of their manuscripts: i t is always inconvenient, to publish articles so written. As for those—and w e have many such correspondents—who w rite illegibly, |'incorrectly, aud without regard to punctuation, they only waste their paper. We will not take the trouble to correct any man’s bad English, or to spell through any man’s illegible writing.— Quell m anuscripts w e invariably ‘ h ie for insertion 1 j — in th e stove.** _____________________ A W h it e L ady V is it i n o t h e C a m a . y c h e s .— | A friend writing >m R ed River, thus notices the lady of Col. Lewis, who accompanies her hus band, one of the U. S. commissioners, to treat , w ith the Cmnanches. “ Col. L e w is takes his ladv love w ith him — I she i» quite nn amazon— wears a b e n and dagger I — shoots :t ritle axid pistol—rides welL on horse back, and takes notes—rather handsome— medi- ura size— E n g lish b y b ir th —m a rried four years 1 —no children. The Col. is very sprightly and gentlemanly in his deportment, and is iroui Co- lumbia, Tennessee.” _____________ EFFECTS OF L i g h t n i n g . —At Morristown, N. J I early this morning, (May 5.) a large and splendit establishment, called the New Jersey Hotel, own ed by Mr. Gibbons of Morristown, was wholly consumed Loss more than $50,000. W e learn that there was 110 insurance. a r m y pro! has n o t allowed favorable opportunities for m alting one to go u n im proved; and in the present position and situation of his forces, G en. T aylor is m uch stronger than a t any time since his removal from C orpus C hristi. He has finished mounting his heavy artillery, and for tified his camp completely. From the New Orleans Picayune, April 29. From the mouth ofthe Rio G rande, by the schr Equity, C apt. Place, which arrived here yester day, we have accounts that the mouth of the Rio Grande has b e e n effectually blockaded. Tlie sailed from New Orleans on the 28th ult. with flour, coffee, and assorted merchandise, for Matamoras. Off the mouth of the Rio G rande, she found the U. S. b rig of w ar L awrence, and the schooner F lirt. A boat from the Lawrence boarded the Equity, and ordered h er off. She accordingly on the 19 th inst. set sail for this port again, and arrived as above mentioned. The schr. Floridan, also from this port, for Matamo- ras, for provisions, also m et the same fate. Some other vessels have b een equally unfortunate in endeavoring to sell their cargoes to the Mexicans. Our readers must have b een fully prepared for these operations b y the intelligence before re ceived by the steamer Col. Harney. TROOPS FOR TEXAS’. N ew O rleans , A pril 23. The ship Indiana, C apt. B urnett, w hich arrived here yesterday from New York, brought out as passengers L ieut. D . F . McPhait, o f the 5th infan try, commanding L . B. Rosset, o f the 5 th infan try, L ieut. S. S. H amilton, of the 13th division, and 180 U. S. soldiers, destined to the army of occupation in T exas. From New York Sun E xtra of Saturday. War with Mexico — J9y Telegraphic Despatch from Philadelphia to the New York Sun — Mexi can Army crossed the Rio Grande— General Taylor's supplies cut off— Americans ordered out o f Matamoras— The Murder o f Lieut. Por ter — Col. Cross's body found. Colonel C ross has b een m urdered and his body found. Three vessels have arrived at N. O rleans bring ing later intelligence from the army. The body of Colonel Cross hus been found about four miles from General Taylor’s camp. From the wounds upon the body it appears he had been killed by a lance. Report says a m an in Matamo ras has acknowledged the deed. General T aylor had made a formal demand for tbe m urderer. The body was stripped and iu an advanced state of decomposition. Ou the 23th u lt., an express arrived at Brazos, St. Jago, from Gen. T aylor, stating, that the Com mander of the Mexican forces had made a formal declaration that the batteries ‘would be opened if the army of occupation did not move from its position in 36 hours. Two thousand Mexicans h ad crossed the Rio Grande near B orella, eight m iles below Matamo ras, and occupied a position between P o int Isabel and G en. T aylor’s camp. The Mexican schooner Juniata lias b een taken by the U. S. schoonor F lirt, aud sent into Brazos as a prize, The A m erican C onsul and residents at Mata- moras have been ordered by the Mexican com mander to remove into the Interior within fcWeil- ty-four hours. The Mexican trooops have captured several wagons belonging to settlers, loaded, from H., w ith provisions. At the American camp an engagement was hourly expected. Tlie m urder of L ieut. P o rter is confirmed by one o f th e captains of the vessels arrived. From the New Orleans Tropic, April 30. Since looking up our Mexican ueWB, we have collected verbally fiom other sources, die follow ing item s: Lieut. P o rter w as cut off while on a scouting expedition, by a roving baud of R m cheros under the command of Canales w ho has been for some time a Mexican outlaw, b u t is a tool c f Arista, and only w aiting for the new Santa Ana revolu tion to return to Mexico. Lieut. Porter was a son of Com. P o rter, and son-in-law of Col. Beal, U. S. A. now stationed a t Austin, in Texas, He left a w ife and three children, a t F o rt Towson, the residence of his mother-in-law. W e are informed that while Gen. T aylor w as on his march to the Rio G rande, this Canales, at the head of liis baud, k ept w ithin two days’ march in tlie rear o f the army. He is said to b e more troublesome to Gen. Taylor than the forces at M atamoras; so much so, that the American offi cers had to keep uuremitthlgly oil the alert to prevent him from cutting off the army supplies from P o int Isabel. Frsin the N. O. Picayune, May I. A private letter w as received last evening from an officer in General Taylor’s camp, confirming in p a rt the ahove report of the Mexicans having crossed the river, b u t stating the number at-1000 only. W hile upon the subject of the army, w e may state that the steamer Col. Harney, which left here ou Wednesday for Brazos Santiago, took w ith her a battery of ten long 12 pounders, ancl a quan tity of m unitions ot w ar, and that she w as to take in more at G alveston for the same destination. The New York, w hich sailed yesterday for tlie same point, had a detachment of 130 m en ou board for the army, u n d er the command of L ieut. Me Phail. Four companies of infantry are expected here in two or three days, w ho w ill be despatched im mediately for the same destiny. The steamer Gen. Worth, twelve hours later from Brazos Santiago, and bringing, it is said, one day’s later intelligence from Gen. T aylor’s camp, was in the river late last night, eight or ten miles below the city, w aiting for a tow ^ It is said a b eareroi despatches from Gen. T ay lor w as oil board. Col. Hunt immediately de spatched a boat to bring h er up. Mr. Marks, at tached to tlie A m erican consulate at Matamoras, is on board tlie G en. W orth. There wits a rum or brought by one of the schooners last night that our consul a t Matamo ras, apprehending imprisonment from the Mexi cans, had left his post mid repaired to Gen. T ay lor’s camp. T he B lockade of thf , R io G rande .—W e least 2500 men. All communication b etw een Gen. T aylor and P o in t Isabel, the depot o f pro visions, is thereby cut off. In the execution o f this object, they have folly succeeded, and have thereby placed the Amen- can army in a m ost dangerous position, as it -will be utterly impossible for G en. T aylor, w ith tbe lim ited number o f men now under his command, say 2300, to force his w ay through the dense C ha rapel, in which the enemy are already strongly posted. On the 22d, Gen. T aylor received from Geu. A m pudia b y means of a flag of truce, a com munication in very offeusive terms, complaining of his having blockaded the Rio G rande, to.which he replied that Gen. A m pudia had himself been the cause o fthe blockade in having expressly de clared tliat unless G en. T aylor commenced his re treat beyond the N euces w ithin 24 hours, his dis playing his flag upon the left bank o f the Rio Grande, h e w ould consider w ar as beiug declared, and would act accordingly, Gen. Taylor, fur thermore stated that h e would receive no fur ther communication from the commander unless couched in language more respectful towards the government and people o f the U. S. Gen. T aylor’s position in the rear of Matamoras is sufficiently strong to withstand successfully an attack of the whole Mexican force, and commands the town, which, with the batteries already mounted, could h e razed to the ground in an hour’s time. Gen. T aylor has in camp, fiill rations for 15 days, which h e thinks can be made to last thirty- days, in which time h e is in hopes to receive large reinforcements from Texas and Louisiana; upon each o f w hich states he has made a requisition for the immediate equipment and transmission to Point Isabel of four full regiments of m ilitia. It is thought b y the superior officers of Gen. Taylor’s army, that 20,000 m en w ill b e required within a very short period, as it is well known that the Mexican army is daily receiving large reinforcements from the interior. It was sup posed by the A m erican officers that Gen. A rista reached Matamoras on the evening of the 22d ult. with a brigade, b u t up to the period o fthe b earer leaving camp, no communication had been re ceived by Gen. T . from General Arista. Subse quently to his leaving the camp on the 26th ult. Col. Doane learned that Gen. A rista addressed a polite note to Gen. T aylor informing him that he (Arista) has assumed the command of the Mexi can forces. A t P oint Isabel, great fears w ere entertained of a night attack, w hich, from the present exposed situation of th at post, could n o t h e otherwise than successful, if conducted with energy. The post is defended b y Major Monroe w ith a detachment of 80 artillerists. There are also a t the post about 200 armed wagoners and 50 laborers, under the orders of the Quarter Master, and some 100 citi zens, furnished w ith arms b y the U. S. ordnance officer, organised under the command of C aptain iPerkins, and denominated the Frontier Guards. A company of 50 Mexican cavalry w ere seen, on the night of the 26th, w ithin five miles of Point Isabel. They were supposed to b e a corps of observation. The principal officers known to b e iu com mand of the Mexican forces, are Gens. Arista, Ampudia. Mejia, aud Canales, and Cols. Carasko and Carajobal, all men of talent. The extra of t he Galveston N ews says that re quisitions have been made upon the G overnors of Alabama and Mississippi for troops, though our own informant says nothing of this. The News supposes that Gen. T aylor would open his fire <, upon Matamoras on the morning o f the 28 th ult. YVe have also received an extra from the office of the Galveston News, w h ere the intelligence was received by the steamer Monmouth, w ith Capt. Catlett on board, a b earer of despatches from Gen. Taylor to Gov. Henderson of Texas for aid. W e give the letter to the Galveston committee, in lull, as it best shows the urgency of the call upon us -. 1 Letter of Capt. Catlett to the People of Galveston. O n B oakd S t e a m e r M onm outh , ) OJ St. Josephs, April 23,1846. j G e n t l e m e n :—I am tlie bearer of a communi cation from Gen. T aylor to Gov. H enderson, re questing to b e immediately reinforced by twenty companies of foot riflemen. My destination is to Victoria, aud tlience to A ustin. I w as instructed by the General to send ail express from the for m er place by land to your city, w ith a communi cation to L ieut. Kingsbury, and at the same time to spread the information through the country; but it having been left discretionary with me, and the Monmouth beiug available, I have d eter mined to send the communications by h er, and also to w rite to you, iu order to facilitate, as much as j)ossible? tb e sending on of troops. Gen. T ay lor is iu a very precarious situation af liis Cflillj) near Matamoras. An attack is feared from the post a t P o int Isabel. I believe a reinforcement of 200 men would save that place. This is vast ly important, as a large amount of commissarial and ordinance stores are deposited there; and if that place should fall, Gen. T aylor w ill be left, without resources of any kind. I was instructed b y Gen. Taylor to send oui from Victoria expresses in such directions as might deem advisable, so as to have all the meii possible on their march to liis relief, withotv awaiting orders of the Government. You wi have it in your power to send to the lower B n zos, H ouston and Montgomery, sooner than a express could b e from Victoria. I therefore leavj that to you, knowing that it w ill be promptly tended to. I shall send to Matagorda, Tcx’atj] Richmond and San Phillippe. If you have , opportunity, please send to W ashington—sir send there from Lagrange. The place of rendezvous for the foot companies the General at Galveston— that W e are n o t disposed to m ake light of the fol lowing article, as some o f o u r contemporaries do, - • • ' '■ that Great Excitement in Hew ■o- air, in A u b u rn has been for y e ars n o ted for lhe b e a u ty of its w o rk in the shape of Coaches, Carriages, Wagons, & c .; and from samples constantly pre- : seated a t the several establishments, it seems i p retty clear that such notoriety cannot fail still to j increase. A day or two since, w e were shown a great variety of w ork at the shop o f Messrs. J . I & G. O lai - p , (whose advertisement is in another column,) w liich cannot fail to find ready custom- 5. Some o f the articles w ere very fine—The | last m ade being a large Merchant Wagon, for Mr. i Ju stin D ay, upon the various portions and deco rations o f w hich a good share of taste and work I w ere expended. . T here is a girl at Wilmington, Del., w ho can sit down ot rise up without bending the knee [joints. ° , Cfould she sew a garment o r k n it a stocking, either w ith or w ithout bending h e r finger joints, there are persons w ho would be induced to Jook I npon it as a still m ore commendable feat1 N a t u r a l H i s t o r y o f N e w Y o r k . —It seems by the A rgus, that in order to obtain the remain ing copies o f this splendid work, the applicant must state o f whom and where he purchased tbe first volumes—upon w h at tenns, the price paid —and tllilt he is, at the time of taking the oath, the actual and bona fide owner of the volumes so purchased b y him, and that lie has not sold, or mode any contract to sell the same. The officer taking snch affidavit m ust b e one specially ap pointed by the Governor for such service, who must certify that the deponent is known to him, and that he is worthy of full credit in his state ment under oath. The A rgus does not Btate at what time the remaining volumes m ay b e expec ted—but from the circumstance of such notice being given, w e should suppose one o r more of them w ould b e soon ready. H otjsk -B reaking , T hievin g , & c .— S ome occurrences in this v icinity should p u t o u r cit izens u p o n their guard— fo r although one small brood o f strollers is taken care o f, w e believe such characters do n o t often go b y single sets. A t a n y rate, it is the safest w a y to k ee p a n eye upon the premises for a time. A few days since there was no room in tbe New O rleans Courts for the drunkards and vag rants that b ad b een arrested. OF\ I t appears that fishing on the Maumee ba« I become quite a lucrative occupation. There have already been caught this season, some 3000 barrels of Pickerel, w hich being computed at §6 j p e r barrel, amount to §18 000. N o t a b a d I d e a . —The N. Y. Police Gazette I publishes die names of all the distinguished for eign thieves w ho arrive in N ew York. Of course they come under tbe Dead of “ fashionable arri vals.” ___________________ A detachment of 230 seamen, for the frigate United States, Com. Reed, destined to the coast of Africa, leave h ere this afternoon for Boston, via Norwich and W orcester rail road, in charge of L ieut, Calhoun.—Jo u r . Com. V ert true .—T he N orthwestern says:— \Eve ry man that has the m oral courage to take to him self a w ife ought to take a newspaper, as the one is aboutas indispensable astlie other, because toraise a family without intelligence is a disgrace to hu- mau nature.\ A newspaper in a family is- eqnal to three months time spent in school'in each year. Go in to the families w here a newspaper is' taken and in to those that cannot afford it and m ark the differ ence in the intelligence of the children, and be convinced. The C ambria steam ship arrived at Boston at 7 o’clock yesterday morning. H er mails which had been landed a t T ru ro had not reached Boston when the train left, b u t w ere expected a t the 10 o’clock train. N ew A r t i c l e o f E x p o r t . —Among the cargo ofthe ship E lizabeth, w hich w as cleared on T ues day for Liverpool, w ere three bales of raw silk- I t w as sent to this m arket for export from Ohio. —[N . O. Picayune. The editor o f the Louisville (Ky.) Courier has a Chinese almanac for 1846. He states that the typography is good. learned l:ist evening that formal protests had been made before the British Consul by the English houses wliich bad shipped cargoes on board the schooners Equity aud Floridali, for Matamoras ■w h ich w e r e tu r n e d b a c k b y t h e U . S. b r i g L a w r e n c e . off tlie mouth of tli6 liio Gni!l(lC. The War on the Rio Grande! Battle between the Americans and Jlexi- cans! Croxtiin^; of tho Bio Grande Con firmed! , Gen. Ta-ylor surrounded, by 8,000 Jucxiccitl troops — li i s rcqilisiunt upon the Governor o f Texas f o r a i d . 1 T h e G o v e r n o r o f L o u i s i a n a o r d e r e d out 2,500 Troops! Orleans 1 The important news received yesterday from the Rio Grande o fthe crossingof2,000 Mexicans. to intercept Gen. Taylor is confirmed, A m e r i c a n b l o o d h a s b e e n s h e d a n d w a r h a s be- guu in earnest. W e have received the following im p o r t a n t a n d d i s a s t r o u s n e w s : From the New Orleans Picayune, May 2. DEPLORABLE NEW S FROM TH E ARMY dCol. 3. Doane arrived at an early hour yester- hay morning from Brazos Santiago, which place se left on the 23th u lt. in tbesteam Schooner An fusta. He is the b earer ol important despatches rom Gen. T aylor and of a requisition upon the Governor of Louisiana for Regiments. The previous news received, that the Mexicans had crossed the Rio Grande, is fully confirmed and a detachment o f American troops has beeu cut off. But for the details, we refer to the fol lowing account of operations, kindly furnished us by Col. D o ane: On T hursday evening, 23d ult., Gen. Taylor received information that a body of the Mexican army had crossed to tlie east side of the Rio G rande at th e point some 20 m iles above his encampment, Early on llie following morning h e d e s p a t c h e d Capts. Thornton and Hardee of the 2d Regiment Dragoons, w ith a detachment o f 70 men, to exam ine tne country above, and C apt. K err, of the Same regiment, with a company, to examine the coun try below the encampment. The latter returned to camp without havin made any discovery of Mexicaus. A scouting party of the enemy, b u t w hich proved to be the advance guard of a very strong body oi the ene my w ho were posted iu the C haparel, immediate ly in the rear o f G en. T aylor’s camp. ’ Capt.* Thornton, contrary to the advice o f his Mexican guide, charged upon the guard which retreated towards the main body, followed by Capt. Tbornton, where in an instant he found himself and command surrounded by the enemy who fired upon, killing, as is supposed, Capt. Thornton, L ieuts. Kane, and Mason, and some 26 of th e men, and taking C apt. Hardee and the re mainder o f the command prisoners. The Mexican commander sent into Gen. T ay lor’s camp a cart w ith a soldier’s body w ounded, w ith a message, that he h ad no travelling hospi tal w ith him, and could n o t therefore render the assistance w hich h is situation required. - I t is supposed! h a t th e detachment o f the army on the east side o f the Rio Grande consists of at although it is announced w ith a pomposity, so often appears in “ the Union,\ as to throw an air o f ridicule over much o f w h at it says, and al though there was much in the letter, which w e haveustruck out, abusing the Senate for not being the tool of the Executive. W e have caretully read our last E nglish files throughout, w ith the debates in Parliament, and we infer from them, that the P e el ministry w ill fall, and that Lord Palmerston w ill again be a t the head o f Foreign Affairs, instead o f L ord A berdeen. This would be a change most unpropitious for this country. Lord Palmerston is a politician oi the Cass and Thiers school, and abased, onr readers w ill re member, Lord A shburton and the P e e l Ministry, for w h at he called “ the A shburton C apitulation.” The restoration of such a minister to the adminis tration of tlie Foreign Affairs o f the British E m pire, w ill be, w e fear, a calamity to civilization, and it is with pain that w e have seen many signs of such a restoration, iu the B ritish Press— [E x press. M o m e n t o u s —W e stop the press, that w e may give to the American people without a single day’s delay the following extract, ju st p u t iuto our hands. The w riter is a gentleman of the purest patriotism and of great ability. He is not connected w ith our m issions abroad, but he never writes upon any subject on which he is not ac curately inform ed; and iu the present iustance we have every reason to believe that his state ments and views are the result o f the am plest op portunities w hich any one could desire for ascer taining the truth from the highest and most un questionable sources.— [Union of Thursday. Extract from a private letter from an American citizen now in Europe, dated L o n d o n , April 18, 1846. “ I t is now generally believed, in the b est in formed circles, ihat S ir R obert P e el w ill succeed in effecting the change proposed b y him some time since m the corn law s; aud that he w ill then, with his ministers, retire from office. This w ill happen at a very early d a y ; probably before the middle of n ext month. A new cabinet, w ill, of course, be immediately formed, after the dissolu tion of the p resent one, under the selection of Lord John Russell; and Lord Palmerston, it is confidently asserted, w ill be restored to bis old post o f secretary of foreign afl’airs. The chief ob stacle to the formation of a ministry by Russell, at the time of P e el’s resignation, w as the obstacle urged against Palmerston on account o f the hos tile feelings which h e was known to entertain towards France. It was feared on both sides of the cbanuel, that he would be instrumental in de stroying the “ entente cordiale” which isubsisted between Guizot and Peel, o r rather b etw een the two governments. “ In anticipation o f the early resignation of the Peel ministry, Palmerston availed himself of the Easter Holidays to make a visit to the French metropolis, where he still continues, for the pur- lose, it is very evident, of reconciling Louis P h il ippe to his restoration. He had been m ost kindly received hy Monsieur G uizot, and the o th er m em bers of the C abiuet, and his mission doubtless w ill terminate successfully. His sentiments w ith re gard to France will hereafter b e entirely pacific, because his continuance in office w ould be o f but short duration were to become o therw ise; b u t I have awful forebodings that our country will find in him an inveterate deadly enemy. Iu his new born zeal for the welfare of France, h e will at once seize upon G uizot’s ' balance of p o w e r’ doc trine in North A m erica, and use his position and his talents to consummate tho most desperate purposes at any time contemplated by England or ;k ■ L I ? I B © E S A HOBTICDLTCRAL SOCIETY, ^Committees. On Ornamental Trees, Shrubs and Flmcert Mrs Thomas, MI bs Julia A. Wood, Mrs. Charles W. How],,!!? Mrs. Edwin B. Morgan, Mrs. Benj. Avery, Mrs. Wffl£l’ H. Bogart, Miss Margaret L. Cuylcr. Ore Qreen-House Plants —Mrs. Benjamin Wood, at- Abijah Miller, Mrs. Geo. Morgan, Mrs. Mary Devos’ ml Susan Grhmell, Miss Jane Wood, Miss Mary Dous'hlhi On Fruit Trees, Vines and Fruits— Messrs. Isaac TnroE. Job Otis, Benjamin Gould, William Cozzens, EicW , Aforgon, John Bowen, Samuel Hoyt. caara Ore Kitchen Gardens and Culinary Vegetallcs-llen. Samuel Grigas, John Huzzy, Amos Willetts Henrv M zie, Daniel Mersereau, Charles Richmond. Ore Gardens —Messrs. Stephen A. Goodwin, Beninm.v F. Avery, R. G. Wynhoop. William C. Beardsley II Rathbun, John L. Cuyler, William Howland. ’ On Essays —Messrs. Enos T. Throop, Parliament p..„_ son, C N. Mattoon. ' cron- On Discretionary Premiums —Messrs. David Thoms Henry Ivison. Jr., Alfred Avery. \William Smith Charie 1 Porter, Henry Morgan, Alexander Thompson. * L I S T O F P R E M I U M S , TO BE AWABDED BY THE AURORA HORTICULTURAL SOCIE. TY, FOR THE YEAR 1846. Flowers. For the best floral design ........................................... For the sscond b est, .................................................. For the greatest number of varieties, and the best display of native flowers......................................... For die second best, .................................................. For the most beautiful boquet of native flowers.... For the greatest number o f varieties and best dis play of R oses,.......................................................... For the best 10 varieties of Roses, ....................... For the best Rose, .................. .. .................... For the most beautiful boquet of cultivated flow- For the second best, ........................................ For the greatest number of varieties of Verbenas, For die greatest number of varieties of Honey! suckles...................................................................... For the greatest nnmber of varieties of Dahlias ....... For the second b e st, ................................................. ‘ For the best single bloom,......................................... ' For the best seedling.................................................. For the 5 best varieties of Hyacinths ....................... For the 5 best varieties of Primroses, ..................... For the 2 best varieties of Auriculas, ....................... For the 3 best varieties o f Pansies,........................... For the 3 best varieties of Paionias ............................ For the best Pieonia. ...................... . ................... For the 3 best varieties of Iris ................................... For the best Spanish Iris, (Bulbous,)........................ For tiie best English Iris, (Bulbous,) ........................ ] For the 3 best varieties of Lilies ............................... For the three best varieties of Phlox,........................ For the best variety of Garden Pink ..................... ; For the best variety of Gladiolus .............................. ! For the best boquet of Petunias Balsamines and As ters,............................* ............................................ For the six best varieties of Flowers, not mentioned above ........................................................................ For the best variety of Garden Ranunculus,. For the best variety of Garden Anemone,..’ .......... I Grecii-IIonsc Plants. For the variety of Carnation, ............ . ........... For the best Calla JEthiopica, .............................. \ I I For tbe best variety of Oleander, ............................ ’ For best Agapanthus Umbellatus, ............................ I For best variety of Amaryllis, ................................. ' For best variety of Cyclamen, _______ . . . . . . . For best variety Passion Flower, ..................... * For best Hoya Carnosa, __ ___ __________ For best variety Hydrangea, .................. For best Acliimines Grandeflora, .’. For the greatest and best variety of Geraniums in bloom........................................... .. .......................... For the second best, ........................................... For tiie best single, ........................................... For the best Yucca Gloriosa ................................... \ For tbe greatest variety of Tea Roses ............. .11.1 For tlie best single ................................................... ” For the greatest number of varieties of Cactus In bloom, ................................................................ For thesecondbeat; ___ ... Fritils $1 CO 75 75 50 50 1 00 75 50 1 00 75 75 50 1 CO 75 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 £0 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 75 50 50 50 75 50 50 France to check our growth or diminish tfie influ ence w hich our institutions are exercising over the other nations o f the earth. “ Startle not, w hen I slate to you, as tny can did belief, that even should the notice arrive by the 23 inst., under the blouse resolution, nothing like the clear line of the 49tli parallel can b e se cured ! Peel could tint be prevailed upon to set tle at that, just as he is going out, if the ‘ notice’ was now before h im ; and if w e w ere disposed to compromise on that boundary, Russel w ill lies ifate long, in my opinion, before' he will offer it. * * * “ U tuler such adverse circumstances I frankly confess to you that I cannot discover a solitary ray of hope for m aintaining our rights in Oregon, except by the last resort—the ultima ra tio of nations. It is a melancholy reflection to me, one w hich bows me down w ith a load of grief, b u t one which I cannot dismiss from my mind. ij ow differently did I view this m atter before I left our country! I then imagined that P eel w as secure in his place, and tliat E ngland would yield all tlmt she could, con sistently with honor, before she would have the temerity to strike. Intoxicated almost to insanity with the recent success o f h er arms in the Bast, tlie pacific centiments which-preyajled in the is suggested by of the mounted men at Corpus Christi, at which place there will be provisions and cordage. No party less than 400 should think of going through on the direct route to Matamoras, as there is a large force o f Mexicans on the A royo Colorado for the purpose of cutting oft’ reinforcements in that direction. Small parties can cross from C or pus C hristi on the P adres Islands. Arrangements are made for crossing from the low er point of tlie islands to Point Isabel. If 200 men could be raised even temporarily at G alveston, I am deci dedly o f the opinion ft w ould be b e tter to send them forthwith by tbe Monmouth. The securi ty of P o int Isabel is of the last importance. From the best information we could obtain, the force of the Mexicans is set down at 7,000 certain, and reporta go as high as 12,000. AU communication is now cut oif between the camp and Point Isabel, except by ruiiDing the gauntlet 1 caine” out on the night of the 26th, with a guide, prowling ali night through Chnparai swamps and lakes. Copt. Baker will he able to give you all the parti culars of what has happened—the situation of Point Isa bel, &c. The old General is as cool as a cucumber, and has so strengthened his position that I am of opinion tliat nothing can move him hut starvation. In haste, your obedient servant, VV. B. CATLETT. To Messrs. W il l i a m s and others. N. B. A propeller has left for New Orleans, with a requisi tion upon the Governor of Louisiana for troops. Also, I have thought a steamer might be leaving Galveston im mediately for New Orleans, and fearing the propeller should bo detained, would it not be well to state the facts to the Governor, thnt the troops might be in readiness by tbe arrival of the propeller ? There is no mistake as to tlie Older. The captain will explain. VV. B. C. From the New Orleans I’iccayune, May 2. W A R ! T O A R M S ! T O A R M S ! The steamship Galveston arrived this morning, bring ing the certain intelligence that the U. S. army under Gen. Taylor, is completely surrounded, and his communication with Point Isabel entirely cut off. Despatches have been sent to the Governor of Texas for an immediate reinforce ment of 3.000 men. The special messenger. Col. Doane, is now in the city with a requisition upon Gov. Johnson lor four regiments. The emergency is immediate, and imme diate steps should be taken to send the necessary forces to the relief of the army at Galveston. Within one hour after the receipt of Capt Catlett’s letter, there was a pub lic meeting, and it was determined to send out 200 men that evening in the Monmouth. Gen. Taylor has fortified his position so strongly that he can stand a siege. But his communication with Point Isabel being cut off, he is in danger of being compelled to take the field with an inade quate force on acco. n tof the shortness of his preparation. Matamoras is almoet deserted. The American army could take the town at once. But under the circumstances of his position, Gen,Taylor cannot divide his command or weak en his camp by sending off* any considerable number of m e n f r o m it- The Governor has issued Ids requisition fol* 2,300 volunteers, and they were all ready iu the streets on tlie inoniing of the 2d, actively prepar ing fur departing. They expected, to leave the next day. The Louisiana L egislature 1ms appro priated §10 0,000 for the service. The city of New Orleans w as in a great state of excitement— drums aud flags, parading through the streets alLJng for volunteers. TEXAS.—It win be seen hy reference to onr Texas extracts, that the Legislature of the new State is busy at w ork arranging for the payment of its debts, and making use uf its new “ sover- eigllty,” to repudiate just as m uch of the claims npon its treasury as it chooses. While Texas w as Texas—while site pretended to be a nation, and not a member o f this Union, she was liable to be called ou by the G overnment of the United States to do justice to h er creditors here.;- h u t now that she bas become a part of the nation, slie signifies her annexation by a cool and deliberate repudia tion of a p art of her'debts.—[Phil. U. S. Gaz. LATE FROM MEXICO. The Mexican schooner “ V entura” arrived at New O rleans on the 24th ult. She is said to have a bearer of important despatches on board. The announcement th at Santa A nna intended to return to Mexico, had created great sensation, and Paredes w as pulling every string to frighten him off. The government had avowed its deter- mimition to repel him, should h e return. The criminal proceedings before his exile have been published by order of the S upreme C ourt, to prepare the minds of the people ior any future act of severity. Paredes has also issued a manifesto declaring his w ant of p o w er to declare w ar against the Uni ted -States, and he leaves i t to Congress to declare wlmt shall b e done, b a t he asserts that he will re pel any attack o f General Taylor with all the means in his power. Santa Anna has w ritten to a p aper praising the liberality of Paredes, in giving office to his friends. B u t P aredes did not reciprocate this mutual kindness, for h e had ordered all the presses in fa vor o f Santa A nna to be seized, and the directors imprisoned. Paredes assigns as a reason for n o t receiving Slidell, that it w ould appear to b e a sign of weakness to retract the determination when the American army w as on the Mexican border, and -our ships of w ar w ere on h er coast. The Indians m ade an incursion into Durango, 1 iu March, and were repulsed by a body o f Mexi can troops. C u t t i n g F o o d foil S h e e p . —Mr. Thos. Noble of S tark Co., Ohio, in a le tter .to the Ohio Culti vator says:—“ My sheep consist o f 1600 head, and so far I h ave lost n o n e ; all in fine order, and by close attention w e intend to keep tbem so. W e cut a ll their feed, and the saving therebyis a t least one third.” — 1118 coming to him, b u t also the much larger amount she owes E uropeans w ho lent it on his urgent aud positive representations. Ho closes: “ T h at Texas bas both tbe willingness and tlie ability to pay every d ebt w liich a fair aud equita ble examination can be ju stly brought against her, cannot be doubted by those w ho have any knowl edge of lier intelligent population and of ber p u b lic resources; aud as the best means of m eet ing the legitimate demands of h er creditors, p er m it me (who like yourself is a land holder, free holder aud tax-payer iu Texas) io suggest the policy oi transferring your public lauus lo the Government o fthe United Slates upon such terms as w ould place the character and credit of your State upon lofty grounds, and secure to h e r an immediate prosperity. The public domain now an inert mass, far too unweidly for your State Government to handle, would become, under such arrangement, a source of value awl benefi cent usefulness to yourself and the whole Union. Their purchase by tlie United States, is a great measure of national policy, w hich has no more to do with the assumption o f State Debts than the purchase o f Louisiana from France necessarily involved au assumption of lier revolutionary as signats. “ I t is wholly immaterial what ordinances of Annexation the United Stales may have passed, they cunot take your Custom House, appropri ate to themselves its attributes, which belong to the sovereign faculty of indirect taxation, with out providing fo r debts fo r which those very rev enues were pledged; wlicu, therefore, you pro pose to surrender your public domain for the p u r pose o f paying your public debt, you make a gra tuitous concession to tho sacred object of your public faith equally creditable to your honor and integrity “ W ith a renewed assurance of m y gratitude to your honorable body for the distinguished com pliment they have paid—I am, w ith great respect, your obedient servant, JAM E S HAM ILTON.” Here tlie catastrophe o fthe A nnexation drama begins to make itself manifest. True, Congress was barely driven, coaxed, bribed, bought arid bullied into consenting to Annexation on the so lemn and seasonable stipulation that no p a rtofthe debt of Texas should ever become chargeable u p on or should be paid by the United States—but that is m oonshine, says H amilton—we havetaken the “ dark haired sister” to b ed and board and must pay her debts, in defiance o fthe marriage settlem ent ! And not this only, bu t w e are to take her land-jobbing into our bands, and thus enor- muusly extend tlio power ancl patronage of our F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t . W e fe a r a l l t h i s is in e v i tably s o ; y e t it behoves every man who heeds the voice of right and conscience, even when opposed to tlie dictates o f m ajorities and cabinets, to battie it to the last. We are nationally involved in the slave-jobbing w hich tore T exas from Mexico and a d d e d h e r tt) t h e U n io n j b a t t h e la n d - j o b b i n g w e are y e t clear aud cannot b e implicated in it with.oa.t- a fa r t h e r s t r u g g l e - W b e a t h e q u e s t i o n comes up, the righlfuluess, wisdom, policy of a G o v e r n m e n t 's s e l l i n g a r i c h m a n a m o n o p o l y o f one million acres o f (iod’s earth, and debating a d o l l a r l e s s m a n fro m th e u s e o f a n y laud, a t a l l , w i l l certainly be inquired into. We think the Texan la n d j o b b e r s w i l l h a r d l y d o b e t t e r th a n to c l u b to - gether and pay their own debt, instead of attempt- in g t o s a d d l e i t u p o n t h e A m e r i c a n p e o p l e . T h e y have reaped the entire benefit o f its expenditure; let them pay it and k eep tbeir “ d irty acres” to do it w ith. W e very much doubt the existence ofa fifth p art the public land in Texas, after all the private claims shall have been satisfied, that is pretended; b u t, much or little, llie United States waut to enter upon no n ew land-speculation-— Keep away from C ongress all bribes and threats, j and tbe assumption o f the T exas d e b t can never ib e carried. i C o n n e c t i c u t L egislature .—T he L egislature , m e t a t New Haven Wednesday. Cyrus H. ; B eardsley was elected Speaker and Charles R. ; Ingersoll and C. W. Philleo w ere appointed clerks and Osborn aud Baldwin printers of the House. In lhe Senate H on. Samuel Ingliam w as elected president, and Alfred A . B urnham clerk. Tbe officers elect of both houses being the Dem ocratic candidates. Ou Thursday the two bouses m et in convention for the choice of state officers. Isaac Toucey w as chosen Governor; Noyes Billings Lieutenant Governor; Alonzo W. Birge, T reasurer; Charles TV. Bradley, Secretary, and' Mason Cleveland Comptroller—all the Democratic candidates at tbe late election. The votes stood in each case 124 Dem. 116 Whig, 1 blank.—N. Y. Com. A dv. Rhode Islan d L e g is la tu r e .—On W ednesday the committee to count the votes for general offi cers at tbe late election, reported that there w as no choice o f Governor o r L ieutenant Governor neither of tbe candidates having a majority of all tbe votes c a s t; Henry B owen w as elected Secre- tenr of State by a maiority of 18; Joseph M. Blake A ttorney G eneral, b y 186 and Stephen Ca- hoone G eneral T reasurer, b y 86. The Legislature, haying accepted the report, w ent into an election for G overnor and L ieuten ant G overnor. Byron D imon, o f B ristol was de- ciarea elected Governor on the first ballot. The vote stood Dimon 61, Jackson 3 9 ; Diman’s ma- jonty 22. Elisha H arris, o f C oventry, w as elect- ed L ieut. Governor on tbe first ballot. The vote stood Harris 61, Moss 3 7 ,2 blanks. Harris’s m a jority 25.—N. Y. Com. A dv. For the greatest number of varieties of Apples, not less than 6 of each variety ............................. w ^ For the 6 best varieties of apples, not Jess than 6 *of each variety,............................................................ Fur the earliest and best variety of apples not less than .................................................................... For tlie greatest number of varieties of Pears, not less than 6 of each variety,............................. For the best two varieties of Pears, not less than 6 oi each variety, ....................................................... For the greatest variety of Peaches, 0 of each vari- For the best single variety of reaches, i\ dozen \of each ......................................................................... For the greatest variety of Plums, 1 dozen of each variety..................................................................... For the best single variety of Piums, 1 dozen For the greatest variety of Cherries, not less tiiani pint of each variety ............................................... For the best single variety of Cherries,not less\ than 1 pint,..................................................................... For tlie greatest variety of Appiicots, not less than i dozen of each, ..................................................... For tho best single variety, not less than 1 dozen'.\.\ For the best dozen Nectarines, ............................... . For the greatest variety of Grapes not less than 3 clusters of each variety .......................................... For the best single variety of Grapes, not less than 6 clusters,- .............................................. .. ........ For the best half dozen, Quinces..........................” \ For the best pint Currants, ...................... . ............... For the best pint Raspberries, ....................... For the best pint Gooseberries, ....................... .. For tlie greatest number of nnmed varieties of Strawberries, not less than I pint of each . For the best tiigle variety, net less than X xi.it,.*.. . F o r t l i c e c c w r t W r , . . . . - ................................................ For the best pint of Service Berry, .......................... Vegetables. For the earliest and best two hunches Asparagus,.. For the earliest and best quart of Peas, ................... For the second hest,.................................................. For tbe earliest and best pair Cucumbers grown - -ilLthe open ground,.................... .. ......................... For the~fc%''ond be.*f, ............................. . ............ . For the earnest and best grown in hot-bed, ............ Fortlie second best,.................................................. For the best twelve stalks of Rhubarb, ................... For the second hest, ............ .. ............ ...................... For tlie earliest and best hall peck oi Potatoes,.... For the best half peek during the season, __ For the earliest mid besthali dozen Tomatoes,.... For the bestlialf dozen Celery, ............................... For the best single Caulitlowcr, .............................. For tbe best hull dozen Riots, ................................. For the best half dozen Carrots, .................. For tlie best half dozen Round Turnips, . . For the best half dozen Ruta Rai»a ............................ re to ( For the best three heads Cubbe^c, ......................... For one quart earliest shelled Lima Beans, ............ For the three best specimens of the Purple Egg Plant, ..................................................................... . For the best variety of the Squash, .......................... For the best I'umpkin, .............................................. For the best variety of Corn, not less than G cars,.. For the best dozen Onions, ..................................... For the best half dozen Parsnips, ............................ For the best Watermelon, ........................................ For the best Muskmelon, ........................................ For one dozen best Radishes, ................................. For six pounds best Honey,............... . ............. . O n Ciarclcns* For the Garden exhibiting the best general manage* ment aud the greatest variety of productions ...... For the second b est, ................................................. For the best specimen of H edge, ............................ F or the second best,.............................................. . O n E s s a y s . For the best Horticultural Essay—choice of sub ject at the option of the writer, 00 1 00 1 00 100 1 00 1 co GO 1 00 50 1 00 to 1 oo ioo 50 1 00 50 50 CO 1 00 75 to 50 75 1.0 75 50 75 50 75 50 CO 5-1 50 50 ,\i .0 5>J & I 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 firt 1 W 50 50 50 300 2 00 1 00 75 3 CO ALEXANDER THOMPSON, Sec’y, ■ I RELIGIOUS INTELLIGENCE. T s i e C h i n e s e C h a r a c t e r , as to any thing liken 'radical reception of w h at is acknowledged lo ic supremely excellent, seems to be very much like that o f too litany in Christian society. 1 n Episcopal Missionary says, in the “ Spirit of Mis sions” for May. “ Though they are ever ready to receive Cbri s lian publications, aud though they assent, as is in variably tbe case, to the beauty of tlie doctiinw of C hristianity, and their superiority over their own wretched system, y et they are very slow in practising what they hear o r read. Indeed, the necessity of doing so never enters into their m in d s; and when spoken to on the subject, their answer frequently is, ‘ the doctrines you speak of are excellent; b u t, although they may suit you, they do not suit us.’ ” B is h o p B o o n e in C h i n a . —Very full and inte resting accounts, says tlie “ S pirit of Missions,1 have Keen received from B ishop Boone, Mission ary from this country, at Shanghai. While he deeply regrets the failure o f some, on account ol impaired health, y e t he says: “ T hese trials are not w ithout their blessing.— W e have every thing in the state of the Chinese around us, to encourage us to persevere ; the tal lest and freest access to the people, who mani fest to u s all tlie kindliness of feeling we could desire.” Soon after w riting the foregoing, Bishop Boone was cheered, by the arrival at Shanghai, of the Rev Mr. and Mrs. Syle—accompanied by Dr- Boone, a b rother o f the Bishijp—who had made the voyage for the improvement o f liis health-— Advices from some members of the Mission have been received o f as late date as the 19lh DCCCIfi\ t>er7 a t which lim e all were well. C o l o n i z i n g P a l e s t i n e . —A book 18 circulating in E urope called “ Hibbatli Jerusalem ,” writtan from the R abbies in Jerusalem to their couutlf' men throughout the w orld. It is a call to all d-e Jew s to come u p to the Holy L and, showing the facilities, and the removal of all obstructions to their doing so. A t J erusalem , says the “ Jewish Chronicle,” tbe Protestant buildings on MoUllt Zioll 31 e i>d* vancing. As w e have formerly intimated, the Rev. JR. Bellson o f Berlin has been chosen by ibe k i n g of P r u s s i a to h e Dr. A l e x a n d e r ’s successor in that bishopric. A t most of the stationb of tl® Society, m any Jew s are coining to the missiona ries for religious instruction. NORTH C a ro lina.—A w r i t e r in the Raleigh (N. C .) R egister states, that w ithin the last tkeS weeks upwards of one hundred of the young gentlemen connected with the University, at Chapel Hill have sigued the total a b s t i n e n c e pledge.” D e l e g a t e s to t h e E v a n g e l i c a l A llia n c e -— From present indications, the A m erican churches will be well and ably represented at the great Loudon Conference iu August. The Syncd ot New York and New Jersey, at its annual t-e ; ing in October, appointed delegates, both cleri cal aud lay, among whom are Kev. Drs. Cex, Patton, Skinner, Mason, W hite and Brinsniaue, who, we are informed, w ill probably attend.-\\ Dr. B rinsmade sailed from this port on the 10m inst. Dr. Mason expects to embark tiboutthe 1st of M ay; Dr. P atton about the first of June, snu others still later. The two General A^seiid a s wili doubtless take order on the subject, and_ap point additional delegates. Other deDOininatwas and bodies w ill doubtless make appoii>tmeilt s u i t a b l e d e l e g a t e s . — £ N . Y . E v a n g e list. . _ T he W orld ’ s CojfVENTtoif.— A t « meeting, <> the Eastern Synod o f the Reformed Presbytefian Church held iu Philadelpia on tlie 9lh inst- a any o f the following persons w ho may be able fulfil the appointment, w ere chosen delegates 0 the London U nion C onference: Rev. S. B- ) >’{ D. D., R ev. S. W . C rawford, D. D., of P M f phia; Rev. Sohti McLeod, D. D., of N m in isters; and Messrs. William Agnetv ot i . York, George H. Stewart, Joseph Fleming Philadelphia, elders.— [N . Y. Evangelist- , M i s s i o n a r i e s a t t h e W e s t . —A corresp01’ ent of the New York Observer, writing fo® wa, “ In this territory- w e have been able as yW ^ occupy only the more important points \'it stated ministry, b u t the institutions ol the g° P. already planted are exerting a powerful infiaa®y yet error, infidelity and irreligion are extefi^^ also rapidly. There m u st b e a steady tacrea\01-. missionary laborers, o r fhe ground w ill be Fr copied. The B ristol P rint Works, a t Taunton, turaf1 1500 pieces o f Mousseline d e Laine per 'vee 1
