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y; .y... \/y-'y-yy^y: .y-y ■ /y ~ T ■ '-»*«>'» ■ V , - ■■, , . ma .e«nt: Obtot itie a « DON^T KISS THE BABIES Osculation Dangerous to the Very Young and the Very Old, Says Famous French Physiciam The recent campaign had many liazards tor candidates, but too little considera tion has been giv en to the matter of baby-kiss ing and contagion. At least is the decla ration of th e f a- mous French physician, Dr. Martinez, ■who writes of promiscuous baby-kiss ing in his “Archives de Medeclne des Enfants.” To kiss a woman may be to show evidence of soul or soulfulness, sug gests the doctor, but to indulge Jin promiscuous kissing in babydom Is to provide the evil gods who reign In Tartarus with an easy method of in flicting baleful ills upon the sons of men. For, says the heartless medico, the little round-eyed mite Is nothing less than a sink of contagion. And whenever you kiss one you are liable to fall a 'Wctlm to one or all in the following interesting catalogue of Ills to which our ignoble flesh Is heir: ^Scarlet fever, measles, whooping-cough, tuberculosis, smallpox, nursemaids’ Up, «crofula, nasal catarrh, galloping -chorea, qu,lnsy, maxillary-tetanus, bac terial nose, mumps, nettlerash, colic, panada poison, papillary tongue and tonsllltls.' As everybody knows, the doctor «ays, disease causes most havoc among the very young and the very old. It is not well, therefore, he suggests, that the extremely aged should be al lowed to fondle or klas babies, and as much for their own sake aa for that «f the little ones, for each may com municate to the other the germs that put the'human animal beyohd further Interest in mundane affairs. The theory Is carried even further In re gard to the chplce of one’s associates. It^^ls well-known that people In ex treme old age derive an Increase of vithllty and considerable rejuvenation ■from association with those who are in the bud of youth. The law of com pensation nevertheless exerts its In evitable Influence, ahd what the aged gain the youthful lose. Statisticians point out that length of life is greatest among sohoolmaster*. or those whose life-work Is carried' on among young people. The same soulless statisticians hold that the reason why that fair creature of rare bloom and extra domiciliary heart-burnings, known as “the old man’s darling,’’ Is a common enough phenomenon In human society, must be attributed, not so much to profound love on the part of the ad mirer, as to the keen interest he may feel of prolonging his own life-span. As if to back up the learned Dr. Martinez, Lady Violet Greville gives to the world a woman’s Ideas on kiss ing, writing as follows In the London Graphic: ' “There is an idea abroad that kiss ing is injurious. Mothers are urged not to-kiss their babies, lovers not to kiss each other, and parents to refrain from embracing their children. A great deal of kissing might be very properly dispensed with. The formal peck at the parental cheek morning and evening, the effusive embrace of female friends ready to destroy each other’s character with jealousy and spite, the foreign habit of bearded men clasped In each other's arms, the false kisses of the wheedling wife, or the specious smack on the cheek of the husband whoris arranging a soli tary holiday, all these might be sup pressed; kissing, too, Is an art and not all its votaries have studied the rules. “Some kisses are horrible. There Is the slobbery kiss, the Indifferent kiss, which wounds one’s armour propre tb the quick, the salacidus kiss, the hur ried kiss, usually administered be tween couples at a railway station, the brutal kiss, the clumsy kiss. But for lovers, for mothers, what.can replace the kiss? The reverent, Inspired, pas sionate, tender kiss, the expression of all that is noble and best in human nature? The kiss of forgiveness, the kiss of pity, the kiss of charity, which elevates and restores self-respect, who would part with these? The kiss Is, perhaps, .the most perfect expression of love, but It should he kept for the intimate, the ecstatic, the supreme moments of life, and never, never, given In public.” f e M a u J S u m ^ t e F and Fiief plex and expensive pi^cesjses is, p|.' course, -well known,\ said ren, \bnt .ihy process Is the fljst by whlph i t may he produced eoonbiinlcal- ly and utilized In an engine dr a motor. Economy In Its Use. “In the process of burning coal and generating steam power In an engine an efficiency of from five to ten per cent. Is the best that Is realized with the most highly developed modem equipment, and this Is not taking Into account the manufacturing cost of the coal—^mining, cleaning and transport- ta!M con4lllons and its i'l’c&illbinatlon through combustion with tke oxygen with, which it was originally associ ated in the form of water.\ ■ ■Whfle Mr. 'Warren would not dis cuss In detail his methods by ■which nature Is thus to be tapped and her exhaustlesB sources of fuel madg_f(aapt- able to the airship, the automobile and other power plants. It Is known that the process Is chemical and econom ical and by Us adoption fuel will be provided In condensed and portable form ■within the reach of all. Thus the world will have made the APT. EDWARD C. WAR REN, master mariner, en gineer and scientist, has in vented a new hydrogen mo tor with which he expects to revolutionize the science of power production. Capl. Warren \^bears some resemb lance to the wizard of electricity, Nikola Tesla, who speaks to me In the highest terms of Warren’s achieve- , ments in the engineering world. Capt. \Warren has recently returned from a two-years’ vacation cruise on a sail ing vessel and has brought with him the crystallized results of many months of study and research. While Re has been sailing the deep or lead ing alternately tlr» strenuous and the simple life ashore he has steadily pur sued his experiments, building boats and apparatus for the purpose, and now he Is preparing to give the re sults to the world. /_.ThIs ta-^^Ion is nothing less revo lutionary thAh^anufacturlag fuel out of water—as Mr. Tesla remarks the pfooess represepts In the broadest ;Sense the burning of \water. • We now secure power from water \by utilizing Tts. -Weight dh an old- ,' fashioned water \wheel or a modern .turhh^e. We also Utilize'the power iOf water by turning it into steain. CJapt. WarreS's invention separates the chemical constituents .of water and takes ad\vantage of the explosive' Capacity Sf these elements In recoih* hlnlng to produce power. The prod uct of recomblnatloo. is water, \which oi course, may be used over and over as many times as extraneous forces are applied to decopipdse. dr separate It Into its eiements. “Burning*; Water; . \Burn \water?” said Capt. Warren . when Interrogated. “Only' in the sense in which we burn carbonic acid; Both are products of combustion. The constituent elements of each ^re, coin? bustlbie iwhed isolated. The only problem'is to separkte br isolate them ■ aftep they have once been combined. Thm nature is constantly dblng, and : \we have,only to accelerate or “short circuit\ her 'processes in order to rd-‘ , Atord immediately these conmustlbie ... ...substances toi their eleiiiehUl state and. have itheni ready to rbunlte at our .ibiddlhg In the phenoaenon of oomhus- ; .’tidn, Burnlhg, or comhUstlon, Is slm- ' pif the raanlfestatlbtt -of the ac- ■ . \ oXy^eh.' h f biritifefiig thea tbgether 'im- 8YMB0LICAL OF THE NEW POWER. der conditions favorable to the oper ation of. the afflirity which causes \thenr to unite In a new chemical compound which when condensed is water. We separate these elements by subjecting their compound, water, to conditions which overcome or neutralize this af finity. \\When we can burn hydrogen for power, when the mdustrial world awakes to the fact that prodigious ex penditures lor coal and liquid fuel are entirely unnecessary and that there Is right within our grasp an unlimited supply of fuel substance available practically without cost—for It I^ self-producing—there will be a revolu tion In the Industrial world. \VSHien the century-old theories of the inde structibility of matter and the con servation of energy and matter have once become really understood by men, we will -witness the utter col lapse and extinction of one of the old est and most gigantic of human indus tries, the mining of coaL Means Ihcfeased' Speed. “And further,” ha continued, “speed would receive a ne\w impulse. We could have a 60-mlIe boat and a three- day Lusltanlh. To-day the fastest ship of fhe seas carries 5^000 tons of coat In her bunkers and-15,000 tons of machinery necessary to drlvp her. By the installation of my propulsion de vices and new motive power the Lusi tania would be so lightened that she couid, by changing her- cohstractton somewhat, make the trip of 2,720 mllejs to Liverpool. in three days or less. She would Rave more cargo room and be free from the .terriflq vl- bratloh that now- cfiaraoterizes all high-speed ships, for the new system does not involve ex;ten§lve machihery. It cbnslsta' of' a plocesa phttly chbm'- Ical and partly mechanical. Thq en tire propelling mechanism how Used would be eliminated, as the pressure of expanding aqueous VSpor wquld bU applied directly tp. prbje'ctihg Water astern.” , As applied to warships the inven tor believes that his new propulsive power will he of far-reaching Impor tance and give the American battle ships adopting the fUel and apparatus he has devised iminense advantage over the warships of other navies, as the mechanism of the Warren scheme Is so simple and feomparatlvely sihaU that It will not be easy for a torpedo or shell from the enemy to reach I t., v'That hydrogen may bo manufac tured from Water by laofe Ot, less com ing—or- even the prodigious cost of merely shoveling It It Into the fur nace, this latter Item In the case of the Lusitania amounting to nearly as much as the cost of the coal delivered aboard ship. All this Is eliminated when we manufacture our fuel as we go along, drawing our own supply of raw material without cost from the boundless ocean of water and air in which nature has stored ready to hand limitless supplies of fuel energy In the form of hydrogen and oxygen, to be had for the taking and costing nothing but the harnessing to yield us In measureless abundance that me chanical power so essential to human advancement. “Suppose carbonic acid, the product of carbon and oxygen In combustion, were readily condensible Into liquid form at atmospheric pressure and temperature, would we not then be found endeavoring to effect Its Imme diate decomposition Into Its elements In order that we might again avail ourselves of the energy liberated by their union? But the natural cycle of carbon carries It through the complex evolution of plant life before It Is finally returned to a concentrated con dition. In carbonic acid it retains Its gaseous form a t all ordinary tempera tures and pressures and so is difficult to deal With. “Not so with hydrogen. \When burned with oxygen It takes the form greatest stride In power since Watt discovered the steam engine.—Edwin Wildman, in the New York Sunday World. HE’S SANTA CLAUS OF BRAZIL. New Englander Carries 'Yearly a Car go of Gifts to Rio Janeiro. Capt. James W. Balano ot the good ship Margaret Thomas has for the last 17 years been official Santa Claus, by acclamation, to Rio Janeiro. Only a few, days ago he left Boston with his yesirly consignment of Christmas gifts and dainties to gladden the hearts of a large- portion of the populace of the thriving Brazilian city, says the Bos ton Post. At this season every year, -while hli four-masted vessel lies at her dock at Mystic wharf, he Is busily engaged In making purchases to take to his friends and his friends’ friends in far- off Rio. Capt. Balano Is the master of the only-vessel sailing between Boston and Rio de Janeiro, therefore his proud title of the American Santa Claus is In no danger of being usurped. He Is 51 years of age and has fol lowed the sea since he was nine. He Is a native of Thomaston, Me., and made his first trip from the near-by town of Port Clyde. Since 1874 he has held the title of master and was at Capt. Warren's Diagram Showing the Application of His Invention to Ocean Steamships. A—Generating mechanism, for oxygen and hydrogen. B—Ttmnel whire propulsion Is effect ed. C—Gates for admission of water to the tunnel. of highly rarefied aqueous vapor which.is Immediately condensible Into water at ordinary temperatures, and we can iimnedlately recover It In form adapted to our needs. In Heating Value. “The heating value of hydrogen In combination with oxygen is 60,000 heat units per pound. The heating Value pt the best cohl Is about 14,- 600 fiekt Tlhit's pfer pound. Heat units rheah: 'power units, and it is heat units we wahit whea we buy fuel.' A process for the mafififaoture of hydrogen on a basis that will yield us more heat units for a dollar than a dollar will buy In the form of chal must obvious ly put a n ettd tb the use of coal for fuel; for hydrogen Is a perfect fuel, tt leaves no ash, makes nb smoke or poisonous gad and, being derived from water and being -made ah required, it requires no trahsppftatlon or hand ling,’* ‘ \But what Is the secret of the pro duction of this'new motive power?” Copt^ys^atren was asked. , “Thb Seciet -of the prodiuotion of hydrogen, for. fuel lies in the Success- ful manipulation of that mysterlpus ,fbrbe In nature called chemioat affin ity of elements—in otRer words* the isolation of the hydyogen Under qer- that time In command of the Mabel Jordan, named for the daughter of 'Wil bur Jordan, president of the American Loan and Trust Company of State street. From Boston to Rio de Janeiro the Margaret Thomas covers 7,000 miles, arriving there as a rule about'40 days from the time that BoHon light Is passed. The cargo carried by the ThomSs Is mostly composed of ap ples, which are sold at the substan tial price of $26 to $30 a b\arrel upon reaching their destination. . “The shopping business Is to me a most pleasant diversion and a source of much pleasure after a long, tire some cruise,\ says the captain. “I have everything for the ladies as well as for the men and cRlldrqu. I think that the only thing that I am not tak ing back with me Is a sheatR gown.” Another Scare. “I had a mighty, narrow escape yes terday,” said the timid man. “A solen tifle man Informed me that my well had ^efmS In It.” “And yon drank some ot the wa ter?*' “WorSb than that. I Wqpt to in vestigate; fell in and was nearlj drowned,'* • , DIRT ROADS. How They Are Kept In Good Condi tion in Sections of Missouri. There are three tools that are being used In Missouri In keeping the dirt roads In good condition, the grader, the drag and the harrow, writes a cor respondent of the Farmers’ Voice. The grader, costing from $200 to $500, is used in rolling up the roads. This is done, or, at least, should be done„;in the spring of the year. If the roadS are graded in the fall they get terribly cut up by the travel after the rains in the late fall and some times become almost impassable. Td say the least, they are miserably rough. When graded in the spring the roads get bad enough in the winter and spring, and it is only of late yearp that farmers .have learned the use of the drag and harrowUn putting them In good condition again. The road drag Is easily constructed by means of two timbers of split logs from eight to ten feet In length and about the size of heavy fence posts. They may be fastened together with oak cross pieces br by round spokes extending from the holes in one piece to those In the other. Good chains can be fastened to the pieces to which the double tree can be attached. If the drag Is extra heavy, two teams may be used by hitching one at each end. When dragging the road one team should be kept a little ahead of the other, so as to pull the dirt toward the middle ot the road. It is a good Idea to have a sharp cutting blade of steel on the rmderside of the front timber If this extends about half an Inch below the edge of the timber and slants forward It will help wonder fully In cutting off the rough points In the road. The drag, though simple. Is a great Invention. It Is a power for leveling the roads In winter just after a dry freeze or In the early spring when the roads begin to dry. By running the drag over the road, ruts and horse tracks will be easily filled. If they contain water. It will run out and away, then the roads will- soon be In good condition. The common field harrow, white not so good as the drag. Is being used fre quently for leveling roads. Best re sults are obtained by using the harrow when the roads are rough, but dry. It acts as a leveler, but not as a grader, by. raking off the clods and bumps, pulverizing them and filling the de pressions. The neighbors In a community, with the use of the drag and harrow, have no trouble keeping the roads about thoir farms in very good condition during most of the year. Of course there are times in rainy seasons when the roads must be let alone. REVERSIBLE SLED. It la Easy to Load, and Easy from Which to Dump Load. Here is a sled that will work either side up, and from either end. It Is handy for hauling stones or other heavy material, as It can be o-ver- Self-Dumplng Sled. turned and the load left where de sired. If necessary, It can be drawn from either end, and will save a lot of extra lifting In unloading the material. DO HAULING NOW. Get Such Work Out of the Way Before Ground Gets in Bad Shape. With the old plan of managing the farm there was always much hauling to do In the winter and In all kinds of weather. I have learned one thing about hauling, says a writer In Farm and Home, and that Is It pays to do It when the ground is solid. There is much feeding to be done during the winter. Generally the hay la stacked in the field at harvest time and hauled to the feed racks as need ed. I have learned to haul and stack In the rack at harvest time. This takes, a little longer, bnt saves time in the end and extra hauling. I do my hairllng, as far as possible, when I have firm footing for the horses. Trying to haul loads when the ground Is soft has made more balky horses than any other cause. 1 believe, at any rate, this.- Is a good time to bring out the~halk In them If there is any. If you want to save horses, do the hauling when they can do it easiest and it will be easiest for you at the same time. Easily Made Vinegar. We make 10 to 12 gallons, fine ap ple Vinegar ©Very year. As soon as apples come, we take the parings and piit them In a six-gallon stone jar and tamp .them with a potato masher till they' are pretty well bruised, then pour water over them till covered. We continue to put the parings in till they have been In a week or more, then we strain out the parings and pdur the elder Into a keg and repeat the operation till One keg is full. We then lay an old piece of cotton cloth over the bung and let nature do the rest. In ttVo months we have a keg ol the finest kind of vinegar, AUTOMOBILES ON FARM. They Are Coming to Fill a PUe* (rfl; Real Utility. Automobiles have been a feature at the state fairs this year, as an add!-- tlon to the machinery exhibits. So. marked has been the display that nearly all reporters for the agrlcuK tural press have commented upon the presence of the automobiles designed for farm use In their resumes of the fairs. There seems a reason to believe the automobile Is coming to be a live proposition as a farmer’s conveyance for general road work where extreme weight-carrying power does not enter Into the problem, declares. Prairie. Farmer. Automobiles, for Instance, are seemingly being put to various uses by farmers on the coast. After discussing the usefulness of the riiotor car, the Pacific Rural Press -sumls Up the probable expense as follows: “The expense of upkeep in some cars has been reduced until \to-day a man can operate a car, spending less for oil and gasoline than the cost of feeding a horse. The car is a matter of expense only when In actual opera tion; and while Ih operation Its road capacity is at least four times that of a horse-driven vehicle. As for repairs, if the car Is given reasonable care and attention, they should be little in excess of the cost of shoeing and repairs on harness, etc. In point of operating knowledge, even, where this Is not simple enough, the farmer lias a great advantage, as he Is of necessity more of a mechanic than, the city man.” Few reasonable persons will look forward to the time of seeing the au tomobile drive the farm horse out of business, but there is a strong possi bility that the motor car will ultimate ly share a portion ot the road work of the farm horse. ROAD DRAG OF RAILROAD RAILS. Made from Five-Foot Strips and la- Practically Indestructible. Two pieces of railroad Iron five lest long are required to make the road drag shown In the accompanying illus tration, says the Prairie Farmer. Drill holes in each end ol these irons and Drag from Railroad Ralls. bolt them with Iron rods 2% feet’ apart on one end, and two feet on the other. Hitch a horse to each end of this drag and drive the narrow end toward the ditch every time. This brings the dirt to the center of the road. By- spiklng a plank throughothe center one can ride on the drag. Drag the roads after rain as soon as the mad stiffens. FARMERS AND IMPROVED ROADS. Success of the Latter Movenwnt De pends Upon the Farmer. In an address before the. Good Roads convention at Buffalo, N. Y., a few days ago, the Hon. N. J. Bach- elder, master of the National Grange, put the good roads situation In a nut- shel when he observed: “It Is true that all industrial Inter ests are affected hy the nature and condition of the roads over which the products of our farms are transported to market, but It Is the farmers who suffer most from the Inferior roada which constitute'so large a percentage of the road system ol the United States. And I am confident that it la to the farmers' that we must look aa the active force and influence that will secure the enactment of the legislation needed to bring about that improve ment in road conditions that we all desire.” That Is right, exclaims the Pralrla Farmer. It Is to the farmer that the public must look for the solution. 'When he becomes thoroughly satisfied the road question will be settled right, THE ROAD DRAG. Advantages Which Are Gained from . Its Use. The advantages to be gained from the pei-slstent use of a road drag may be summarized as follows: 1. The maintenance of a smooth, serviceable earth road free from rutS' and mudholes. 2. Obtaining such‘ a road surface with the expenditure of very little’ money and labor In comparison with the money and labor required for 6th*. or methods. 3. The reduction of mud In wet ' weather, and ot dust in dry weather. There are also several minor bene fits gained from the use of a road drag, besides the great advantages \(fhidh always accrue from thh formatlbu of improved highways, of which ra«y 1» mentioned the banishments of yreeda and grass from the dragged portion dC the. road. '■'•r ■ i Sli ■ ■ ' 3 '- I I f l ,1 4 - ' I ' l l ■ -fr '-ji Ui. Tell the children the, Why, Little, children like to fide, linddip-i' stand, and enjoy farm operations -add the -working df farni machluefy; Al* low them to see these thingb ahd ex* plain their wotkihgs. ^lakd th^m. fdqh ’ that all parts of farming Is tiln fd you« and it will he to thdih, They Wlli gfotr to love the OocUpatton. ' The Wegleotedl Gdrilen? ' A. negfedtdd gaSOert is ahjOyO^re^n;: a farm atid next td a .dilaTOdtSd ‘vyeed-smothdred T ^ d tdttch, • V, L ' ................................. ■'■.4-4 4 4 :
