{ title: 'Portville review. (Portville, N.Y.) 1908-195?, November 06, 1908, Page 3, Image 3', download_links: [ { link: 'http://www.loc.gov/rss/ndnp/ndnp.xml', label: 'application/rss+xml', meta: 'News about NYS Historic Newspapers - RSS Feed', }, { link: '/lccn/sn86034918/1908-11-06/ed-1/seq-3/png/', label: 'image/png', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn86034918/1908-11-06/ed-1/seq-3.pdf', label: 'application/pdf', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn86034918/1908-11-06/ed-1/seq-3/ocr.xml', label: 'application/xml', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn86034918/1908-11-06/ed-1/seq-3/ocr.txt', label: 'text/plain', meta: '', }, ] }
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Tho ists. ‘v' /i BULGMIA MOVED BY HATRED OF THE TURK STROKE FOR LIBERH LONG PLANNED for Centuries the Demmation of the Sultan Has Galled Proud Little Nation Now Determined, with Anns If Necessary, to Throw Off the Yoke— Dreams of Past Greatness Revived—Large and Su perbly Equipped Army in Readiness for Eventualities. ONDON.—For those 'who know Bulgaria and the Bulgarians It Is not hard to understand what Prince Ferdinand’s proclamation of. the Independence of the country means to his people. It is the consummation of 30 years of patient, crafty, never-swerving effort, always directed to the one purpose, by the minds of statesmen who were not afraid to match their wits with those of the prime ministers of the great western powers and whose rewards were occasional victories. It is the consummation, too, of the prayers and hopes of the 4,000;000 people of Bul garia ever since the treaty of Berlin, •dictated by Disraeli, deprived them of the advantages secured for them by Kussia in the treaty of San Stetano. A westerner can hardly appreciate the Bulgar’s hatred for the Turk. It 4s the relic of centuries of slavery, during the time when Europe was nwaking from the sleep of the middle ages, and it is hatred that knows no GEN. NIKIPHAROFF OF BULGARIA. fUioto—®n<ieiwand_&_U nderwood. hounds,, no modifications, that is un dying and Impossible of mitigation. Bulgarians have never forgotten that in the olden days, when western Eu-, rope was for the most part sunk in barbarism, the csar of all the Bulgars dominated the entire Balkan peninsu la, and the Bulgarian church was a treasury of learning and art. It is a far cry from Stephen ' Du- shan, last of the Balkan czars, to Fer dinand, czar of the Bulgars, and, in deed, -the Bourbon blood of Ferdinand contains not one drop of the fluid that flowed in the veins of the medieval hero, but to the Bulgars the proclama tion of Tirnova represents a return to the old esthte. On the fatal field of Kosovo, “the blackbirds,” the Balkan peninsula was turned into a second Asia Minor. It is one of the proudest boasts of the Bulgars that for more than four centuries they were the bulwark of Europe against the Mohammedan armies, and that when they did fall they fell gloriously, fighting to the last. Then Came Degeneration. But in the cycles that came after Kosovo the Bulgar race degenerated sadly. It became a race of stolid peas ants, heavy, stupid, uneducated, and so it remained until the wave of Insur rection swept over Europe in the first half of the nineteenth century. San Stefano made Bulgaria nominal ly free from Turkey. She was to have almost the whole of what is now known as Macedonia, with a seacoast on the Aegean, besides the country be yond, the Rhodopes. But this did not suit Disraeii. He summoned the con gress of Berlin and British battle ships proved too much for Russian diplomacy. Bulgaria was hacked, cut down, amputated Into^Tuppenny-ha’^ penny principality, a vassal state of Turkey, bound to pay a fixed annual tribute, to be determined later. And the Bulgarians were not dis couraged, even though disappointed. They began their uphill fight at once. They ignored the clauses of the treaty binding them, to vassalage; Hiey Ig nored the tribute to Turkey, and, when the time came, in 1885, they annexed Eastern Rurpella, a Turkish province having about the same status as Bul garia proper, and over which the prince of Bulgaria was governor-gen eral. Turkey was afraid to fight Bul garia then, but Servia, jealous at such an important acquisition by her young er neighbor, declared war and was whipped at Slivaltza. Since then Bulgaria has been devot ing her efforts to educating her people, to building up the most efliclent fight ing machine owned by a small power in Europe, and to skillfully carrying on a propaganda in Macedonia calcu lated to advance her interests in that country. At the same time the Bulgarian statesmen have been watching and waiting an opportunity to proclaiin th^: have always been free; nominal^, sultan has been their suzerain. In Prince Ferdinand they had a ready tool a t hand. He is vain, ambitious and equally crafty. As a statesman he has proved himself no mean antagon ist. during the 20 years of Ms reign, gnd. lie hsis befen willing to sacrifice ~priviiegd-of—eaHiag the ball rolling,' rather thaji^ynn -the risk of bringing down upon hbr' Awn head the wrath of tho great powef:B<^ Bulgarian statesmen and army offi cers have repeatedly declared that all Bulgaria wanted before declaring war against Turkey was the moral and financial—particularly the latter- backing of one of the great powers. Apparently Bulgaria has that now In Austria. If Italy, Russia and Germany can be Induced to keep their hands off then there Is not much chance of France and England, who, after all, have few Interests at stake, interfer ing. That at least appears to be the argument of the Bulgarian govern ment. Can Put Big Army in Field.' That Bulgaria is prepared for war none who has had an intimate view of the country can doubt. Bulgaria’s army on a peace footing consists of -ffiMtern, RjiffieUiSi (fitacei nhlni with Bulgaria, also known as- South ern Bulgaria) was creatad hy treaty of Berlin. Signed July 13, 1878. it was to remain under the direct po litical and military authority of the sul tan, under conditions of administrative autonomy, with a governor general nominated by the porte. On Septem ber 18, 1885, the government was over thrown by a revolution and the union of the province with Bulgaria pro claimed. The estimated area of the principal ity of Bulgaria proper is 24,380 Eng lish square nilles, and of South Bul garia (or Eastern Rumelia) 13,700 square miles. By a census taken in January, 1900, the population of the whole principality was ascertained to be 3,744,283, including the population of Eastern Rumelia (1,099,984). At the census of Jauary 1, 1900, it was CZAR ALEXANDER'S MONUMENT IN SOFIA, BULGARIA. rrem stmoinsib, staff pishis had -heed ' mapped - oss-- ^ Germany s Game, whereby 200,000 trained men could-he put in the field on the opposite, side of the Macedonian frontier in two weeks. In another two weeks two more armies Kmwmn G le^ in ^ s o£ Gotham Interesting B its of Ne'tvs trout the Great Metropolis. H't % it!'.. •S' ii: ■'I New Hotel for Boys Only Is Opened BO Y S m T £ L a VEW YORK.—The o'faly hotel in the i\ world exclusively for boys began business in this city the other day. It is at Lexington avenue and One Hun dred and Twenty-seventh street.' Fifty boys are registered there already, and there Is room for 100 m6re. The minimum rate Is $1.05 a week—15 cents a day—and that includes, be sides lodgings, breakfast and supper, bath and laundry. The most that a juvenile plutocrat—one whose income is, say, $4.50 a week—can spend there is 40 cents a day. This Increased price affords him the luxury of greater priv acy—a bedroom and a sitting-room all tor himself. The handsome five-story fireproof hotel building and the ground on which it stands—representing an ex penditure of about $150,000 in all— is due to the generosity of a woman Waldorf or the St. Regis has. If a guest makes himself obnoxious to the others in the house he is politely re quested to leave. Just as he would be if he were older and lived In a hostelry where rooms were six dollars a day. “A youth up to 18 years old is con sidered a boy here,” said Superin tendent Abel C. Kenyon. \We have some boys as young as ten years, but there are few under 12. This place Is' designed to appeal to the homeless youngster who wants to do something for himself, no matter whether he is city born or comes from the country to seek his fortune. 'Whoever he is we try to help him over the hard places. Another object of this hotel is to aid the lads in building up good charac ters, to show them what good conduct, discipline, order and cleanliness mean and what they are worth. Every thing, in fact, that goes toward the making of a good man and a good citi zen. That is what we try to give In addition to the hotel accommodations. It \ve simply furnished cheap and clean lodgings and food for boys and paid no further attention to them we would of course be doing something, but we aim to do not only that, but a great deal more. If a boy is out of work we try to help him get something to do.” Cleanliness Is insisted upon, though * who will not allow her name to be re- -t'eaied;—ghe-tnmhihcfi thft mnnoy fn^ n Hnv does not know generally that he the establishment and equipping of the enterprise, which will be maintained by the Children’s Aid society. This home for boys, however, is a hotel— not a lodging house or a charitable Institution. It has on its wallb no printed rules of conduct for the guid ance of its guests, any pnore than the Is being forced to bathe. But the In fluence of those around him and the firm and gentle guidance of the super intendent, added to the sumptuous marble and nickel plate of the bath rooms, makes him want to strip and get under the shower as soon as he gets his locker key. ; 4 \i'f Thaw’s Trials Cost County a Big Sum , , motion he said Thaw is no'w suffering % p - .T' •1; I i'; anything for himself king. - Frincc Tolerated for f4is Brains. So Europe hast had the cmious spe&. tacle of a ruler, selfish and hound to bis own ends, -working Bkmi Ih slove with Ms people-for^he^ameTTbsMtHEt- Is indifferent to'his subjaeits what dlnand of Bulgaria calls hiiMeit They despise him personally, wldia recog nizing that he is an able ruler> and' let it go at that , , In the Turkish revolution, brotigjit about by the Young Turks partyv Bul garia saw the opportunity she-bad awaited so long. In fact, some ex tremists may be prone to believe that Bulgaria had a hand in the organiza tion of the Young Turks. Ferdinand saw instinctively the best way to accomplish what he itMted. from the hordes of Austria, trembling over the s^ t y of m the slain. June 15, 1389, Ausina, ___ andlBosnla. scended on the slain, Sultan Amurath dealt the final blow to the Servian and -Bulgarian armies com manded by King Lazarus. From that day until the last century the Ottoman empire dominated eastern Europe and BULGARIAN her tenure of Herzegovina a u ^ o ___ fnr anv nlan tlist osnla, was anxious for any plan would undermine the treaty of Berl^. Ve^ likely Austria was only tootuaPPy to have a small nation like Bolgaria start ..... i ...... _ .... ' I ' l ■N ' : ,’C: '■-.r' ' ' S’'-.::.#.;. 4 - ■ ^ of 100,000 mfen each could he placed on a war f 9 0 ting. Military/service is compifisory, two years beifig the minimum term, and a man stajfs 18 years in the reserve after he has completed Ms time with the colors. Consequently, the whole able-bodied male population of the country has been trained la arms. '—^e-^army is divided into nine mili tary distridts, each of them the head quarters of d division which, on a war fodtingi \Wb * d become an army corps. Similarly the entire army is organized on a skeleton basia The regiments. Whose pedce footing is 800 men, would be Increased. -to the strength of the ■ffapMese-regtoeiittipa-tkfle-more-than 2;OOOBSe%- • flrfiied b n American Syirtem. BMgarifi’s ^valry has.; been drilled on the Amerieah system. Shfock tac tics are never tteed> a u i fbp nien ate'^ taught to make, themselves of bsa in reconnolterlng scouting, JPadsibly the total force of the, Mvaliy* eorps would be 7,000 saberS, gcr far ‘ as mounts go, it has the best itungasian or Russian horses that money can-) buy, quite up to those In the American service. The artillery has recently beeh equipped with 80 brand-iieW, six-gun' field batteries of the Greusot make„ and, all told, probably has about 6Q^ quick-firing guns, not counting ma chine gims and heavy siege pieces. The Infantry, which is splendid fight ing material, carries the Mannlicher five-shot rifle and knife bayonet, and Is largely officered by men who have been under fire in the Macedonian revolt It was a favorite trick, whjle thp revolution lasted, for ofiicers to be' given leave of absence for an in definite length of time, to visit their frlbnds. They went across the frontier with the insurgent chetas. Perhaps the greatest military advan- age Bulgaria possesses lies in the ct that both her personnel and equip- ent are at a maximum of efficiency, his Is based on statements by offi- frs of her'general staff. Provisions of the Treaty. iTbe principality of Bulgaria was sated by the treaty of Berlin, ined July 13. 1878. It was ordered the treaty that Bulgaria should be stltuted ah' autonomous and tribu t e principality under the suzerainty oihe sultan^ ;^th a Christian govern- n® and a hatlbnal militia. The P®e of Bulgaria should he freely led by the population and com jd by the hubllme porte, with the nt of the pdWers, But no member ly reilgning houde of the great ieah\.powerii ,sh6uld be elected. . Germany’s A short time ago Germany was the isolated power of Europe. England. France and Russia were banded to gether to hold her In curb. Austria and Italy will he closely bound to her again and Russia may be detached in wnole or part from the other drel- bund. This Is already indicated in the dis patches. The treaty of Berlin, which settled the status alike of Bulgaria and of Bosnia and Herzegovina, being virtually tom In pieces, the czar’s gov ernment will naturally demand its share of the benefits. Its eyhs will naturally be turned to the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles and a demand will he made for the renewal of the embargo upon the passage of warships through the straits. Thus Russia will hope to gain the naval advantage of \her \great littoral upon the Black sea Instead of having to depend upon the ports of the Baltic, which are practi cally ice-bound every winter. May Split with England. ; And this is where the split with England may come. The opening of 'the*’S)tfalts. would place Russia in a ppBltion to contest at an early day her:'B.upremacy in the Levant. IVith h e r / ^ ^ t l^thresls in Egypt and with tfiA necesstiy' for guarding the Suez rdute to India 'against all attack, it .Whtild hhCome .imperative upon her in the cpurse' «jf a le-W.years tP keep a vastly inpre po.Werfiil .and .Pxpehslve fleetiln thP ^editeiraneah than Is\ at -present needful. The' iewMa nffere'a to Itaiyffcir cqh< flenting to. tertltorial ag* grandisem^nt is no doujit A liatii in the colonization of '.Trtphli' toWsirdl which she baS long Maa aSplratipnS; This concessIPh Is hpt unlikely to.auit' Germany’s plans, since ib inay hre.atft suspicion and jealousy Pa t t e qpatt o f. Prance, aiming as- it does tb a cpm. plete preponderance of lnfluenc4‘ ia the north of Africa. , Germany cannot but he pleased Mso at the blow to the YoUng Turk move ment, Inevitable from the loss of so much territory to the porte, e-yen though the hold on It was little more than nominal. Down to the time of the Young Turk uprising, Germany was the most influential of the powers at Constantinople. The sultan relied on the kaiser for support against the rest of Europe and the kaiser hoped to secure great advantages—^flrst la the way of railroad concessions and ultimately in territory in the Turkish regions of Asia. The Young Turk suc cess dispelled the German influence and jtmtbed German ambitions. Ed ward of England Tupplairted William as the best friend'of the Ottoman gov ernment. Anything that might tend to cause reaction in, Turkey, there fore. could not fail to give satisfaction in Berlin. I N papers submitted to Justice Mills I at Newburg the other day when he was asked for an order to show cause why Harry Thaw should not be brought to this city for hearing oa the question of Ms sanity, the ex penses of the trials so far held here :^ C ^ r X S u ^ T r S t a n f d r d has cost New York county $54,837.45. Several weeks ago the justice de cided to hold the sanity trial October 12 when he Is sitting in Westchester. The district attorney opposed the move, claiming the action should be brought to this county. In making his from paranoia, and is dangerous to any community. He stated important witnesses would not be able to ap pear at the trial if it was held at Westchester and that the case would suffer. The expense, he said, would be much larger, and could not be borne by New York county. He mentioned to the justice the cost of the trial here, saying stenographers alone cost $7,264.45 and alienists $21,- 799.80. Mr. Jerome then went into detail as to what the physicians testi fied and says all a-Wore that Thavr -was a paranoiac. Incurable and..dan.- gerous to any community. One-\Ehy.sl'r- diseases. . Continuing, the district , attprney' de-', dared a number of the witnesses V erb,, out of the state and that conimissioha would have to be appointed .fo takq this testimony. This, he . asserted, - would add greatly to the cost. K i. ‘ Boy Steals Deadly Germs from Hospital I « IJNOUGH germs of diseases to kill all Cl New York if they were let loose to multiply were found by two venture some but shaky detectives when they broke In upon a hoy of 14 years, who. In his active pursuit of bacteriological knowledge, had stolen and was gloat ing over dozens of glass slides. Those little transparent plates, viewed by a person who didn’t know where the boy scientist had purloined them, would have called forth only the remark; “Kind o’ dirty, hey? Need to have those little specks cleaned off.” Dirty specks! The man who said it would have turned gray with terror had he known that those pln-polnt sized blotches were bacilli of smaJl- pox, typhoid fever, diphtheria and the ' still deadlier typh-us. , Ambition to become a great scien tist had so seized upon young Irving Benton of Brooklyn that he was de termined to get material for Ms studies, 'no matterr how- be-got-ifc—His— n»ther is a scrubwoman, earning so poor a liviag that If cirrhosis cultures were on sale at bargain counters for a dime a tube she could not afford to buy one atom tor her boy. So, handicapped by poverty, but de termined to get material for .study,. the hoy stole it. He was arrested at his home, -where he had fitted up fi laboratory. He was worldng over a culture of typhus germs when the de tectives entered '<he house. At police headquarters the weeping youth admitted that he had. stolen a microscope, an X-ray machine and the bacteria slides, to equip himself for a scientific career. He said he could not afford to buy the apparatus and Ms determinatlbn to study and his poverty -drove him to take the apparatus from the Inhorar tory. V '’-, ', # 1 Mrs. Clarence Mackay Now a Suffrag^t W S S . , GLAJifebrCE ' '.MACKAY Wl- joined the tfitbrurhta WoMan Suf frage cbtihcil* R dkya ago/ ’This was haydly Surprising iir -via# the fact'that she hka tjeen blebted iVfc© to the school bohrd o^JR<>j»Jyil, l , . L,, and has recently oft^red R Trii©' td the public school pupils bT thRi.tblrn for the best essay on -tYoMan. nuitedgk. Still -when She appeared nt thf aiifr. frage headquarters at, the Hotel. Mat-.: tha Washington and signified hep ddH sire to join there was a flult# of ln,s terest. She wrote her name on %% members’ hook, paid her dollar artu then asked If there was anything she. could do to help. She was interested in the p|ans for the baear to be held In.KbYepd'’^*'- had a bazar for a Charily at her boine' few years ago. at which $ll, 6 cfi ^^^'W h o ’s cleared, and she said she Ikiiew wlTitj™ it was to get up a bazar. , '“Mrs, Mackay believes that woman suffrage Is sure to come In the tTnlleo . States, and that it Will he a greet conservative force,’.’ said a -Woman te. v;hoin she explained her reasons lot joining tho council. “She helieTfea that the power of the mothers’. Vote ■a-Hl be a strong factor in the 'ftilture development of American. civiri|fi{lpn. \She believes It uniust thh ffiafs which give.^ the best ycats Of its lifU ' to the care and nurture and meataj and moral dovolopinent of the next generation should have no vote to' ef- .fieot the conditions which sUrroti.nd iihat generation and the :awS .whU5h„- \ptoteot its interests. It is the moth?' hr'g’ bide of the question \whleh ap- , pealh'to her and forms the ground, o p • ^ h lch sht^ bases her demand for thk ^ l^at, l^ficichy. will be one of ti^;\ ■ps'frpiienhda-tol the bazar in November; CUalhMfefe, ' hbok- Sthre)-llkve .-you ,i)'ftnteV'-‘%ferpt>.rV-' - -oierfc--\|ito#. .■■hul'.-l' »itfcn/-',gi?e’' yo* ' , iphir'''’ ‘K'il f-
