{ title: 'Watertown re-union. (Watertown, N.Y.) 1866-1918, August 25, 1917, Page 7, Image 7', download_links: [ { link: 'http://www.loc.gov/rss/ndnp/ndnp.xml', label: 'application/rss+xml', meta: 'News about NYS Historic Newspapers - RSS Feed', }, { link: '/lccn/sn85054450/1917-08-25/ed-1/seq-7/png/', label: 'image/png', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn85054450/1917-08-25/ed-1/seq-7.pdf', label: 'application/pdf', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn85054450/1917-08-25/ed-1/seq-7/ocr.xml', label: 'application/xml', meta: '', }, { link: '/lccn/sn85054450/1917-08-25/ed-1/seq-7/ocr.txt', label: 'text/plain', meta: '', }, ] }
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£c22=? .. rf^>T5«;««\<>i«.';« I- ! •. / „; L_J.. .. _. _. \' '''™''~ i '!Z^^I^^' ! \'^^'~-''''•••'•'•\ '-\''''•'\'' TTi\'•' '•'\t^jTSSa.- THE ^.TEBirOWST ^UM0N< 2\ SCHOOL STANDARD Government Bureau Urges That Efficiency Be Kept Up Dur- ing the War. SECOND TO DEFENSE NEEDS EVERY IDEA STUDIED Uncle Sam's Bureaus Maintain \Open-Mind\ Policy. EFFICIENT STABLE FOR SHEEP RAISERS Salaries of Teachers Should Not Be Lowered, It Is Urged, Although Costly Building May Be Postponed. Officials of Uncle Sam's bureau of education strongly contend that It is of the utmost Importance that there shall he no lowering in the efficiency of the nation's systems of education because of the war. They believe that schools and other agencies of education must be maintained at whatever necessary j cost and against all hurtful interfer- ence with their regular work, except as may be necessary for the national defense, which Is, of course, the im- mediate task and must be kept con- stantly in mind, and have right of way everywhere, and at all times. Prom the beginning of our participation In the war, they point out, we should avoid the mistakes which some other countries have made to their hurt and Which they are now trying to correct. Right In this connection it is pointed out that if the war should be long and severe, there will be great need in its later days for young men and women of scientific knowledge, training and skill; and it may then be much more difficult than it is now t o support our schools, to spnre our children and youth for other service and to permit them to attend school. Therefore, contend Uncle Sam's educational ex- perts, no school should close its doors now or shorten its term nnnecessnrily. All young men and women in college should remain and use their time to the very best advantage, except such as may find it necessary to leave for immediate profitable employment in some productive occupation or for the acceptance of some position in some branch of the military service, which position cannot be so well filled by any one else. All children in the elemen- tary schools, and, as nearly as possi- ble, all high school pupils should re- main in school through the entire ses- sion. Trained Men and Women Needed. This question of the war and educa- tion has been taken up seriously by ex- perts of the bureau. They point out further in this connection that when the war i s over, whether within a few months or after many years, there will be such demands upon this country for men and women of scientific knowl- edge, technical skill and general cul- ture as have never before come to any country. - This country must play a far more important part than it has in the past In agriculture, manufacturing and commerce, and also in the things of cultural life—art, literature, music, sci- entific discovery. A right conception of patriotism should induce all students, say the bureau officials, who cannot render some immediate service of great value to remain in college, concentrate their energy on their college work, and thus be all the more ready and fit when their services may be needed either for war or for the important work of re- construction and development in our own and other countries when the war shall have ended. Should Not Cut Salaries. All schools of whatever grade should remain open with their full quota of officers and teachers. The salaries of teachers should not be lowered, it is contended, in this time of unusual high cost of living. When possible, salaries should be increased in proportion to the services rendered. Since the peo- ple of the country will .be taxed heav- ily by the federal government for the payment of the expenses of the war, It is urged by the officials that teachers should be willing to continue to do their work, and do it as well as they can as a patriotic duty, even if their salaries cannot now be Increased. Schools should be continued in full efficiency, but in most cases costly .building may be postponed. Baring school hours and out of school, on mornings, afternoons, Sat- urdays and during vacation all older children and youth should be encour- aged and directed to do as much use- ful productive work, it is urged by these experts, as they can without in- terfering with their more important school duties. This productive work should be so directed as to give it the highest possible value, both economic- ally and educationally. While the war for the safety of democracy is in prog- ress and when it is over there will be greater 'need for effective machinery for the promotion of intelligent discus- sion of the principles of democracy. Men of High and Low Degree Give Army Officials Tips on How to Win the War. Uncle Sam, i n prosecuting the war, is endeavoring to take advantage of every idea that a citizen of the coun- try may have regarding the proper method of conducting, military affairs. Regarding this policy, the war depart- ment lias made the following state- ment: \Ever since the United States en- tered the present war it has been the policy of the war department to bring Its executive personnel as much as pos- sible Into contact with the sort of peo- ple who come to Washington with orig- inal Ideas. This receptive attitude has been very aptly nicknamed the 'open- mind' policy, and although it gets the bureau heads and executive officers in for a great deal of extra work, any- body who carries with him the seed of a useful idea Is welcomed and his plan given the most thoughtful con- sideration. In a word, the war de- partment wants to make use of the brains of the American people and Is willing to comb out a great mass of fanciful schemes, knowing as they do that the thousand-and-flrst idea sub- mitted to them might contain the germ of radical improvement in our method of carrying out our end of. the world conflict. \To maintain the 'open-mind' policy requires a great deal of patience and forbearance on the part of officers who, ordinarily, would be too busy to listen to elaborate amateur plans for ending the war. Many of the propositions have nothing to recommend them but the charm of ingenuity and romance. It has been said that the late Jules Verne thought of more military innovations than Zeppelin or Edison ever dreamed of. But the record for dreaming is held by several of the applicants who, in the past few weeks, have come with vast projects to help the government in its present crisis. \For Instance, one enterprising young man has a brilliant plan to make the record number of recruits In the shortest possible time. He has ap- plied for permission to walk the streets clad in a patent suit of clothes of his own designing. The suit con- sists of. a half-in-half effect so built that If. you look at him from the light side, the wearer presents the appear- ance of a khnki-clad private of infan- try, but the view from the left side shows the astonished spectator a rath- er effeminately clad civilian wearing a monocle and a straw hat. The front view of this apparition is that of a man cut into two ill-matched halves- right side, hero; left side, tango liz- ard. The placard to go with this mot- ley mnke-up is, \Don't Be Half a Man.\ \Every hour a great many men— and some women—come in with plans to reorganize the army, plans to im- prove the card-index system of keeping track of enlisted men, plans to speed up military efficiency by means of numbering the buttons on soldiers' coats. As fast as the details of each scheme are discussed the applicants are turned over to the proper experts and the merits or demerits of each case carefully considered. The case of the genius who discovered how to locate lurking submarines by means of a flock of sea gulls, trained to hover and pounce upon the hidden monster, is now a matter of record. New sys- tems o£ army discipline are continu- ally being offered and rejected on the grounds that they were found anti- quated before the Civil war. \Every day a great many men of Importance and responsibility come in to offer suggestions. Also men, hith- erto oOscure, frequently submit ideas and Inventions of inestimable impor- tance. In fact, the war department has profiled immensely by its policy of the \open mind,\ and many great plans —quite naturally kept secret—have been born of these simple, serious con- ferences with all comers who think they have found something which may aid the government.\ Tea Imports Fro'm Japan. The total exports from Japan to America during the 1916-17 season ' (May, 1916, to April, 1917, inclusive) were 41,534,706 pounds, according to statistics published by the Yokohama and Tokyo foreign board of trade and forwarded to Uncle Sam. 0 Three Crops Where One Grew. 'The people in the Pomona district, California, who formerly took but one crop from their land, by intensive cul- tivation this year will take from two to three crops before December. Chin* is beginning to export pij Iron. • • ; English Get New Name for ; S War Profits From America J • — - • • The United States has given J • to the English vocabulary a new • • word with which to describe a J speculative profit on foodstuffs. J a This is now uniformly alluded e • to by the English press as the • • \rake-off.\ On its first appear- e J ance the word was carefully ex- J • plained as an Americanism. • J Then It appeared continuously J • in quotation marks, always with • J a haziness as to whether it J • should be two words or com- • 2 pounded. Now It has been stand- J • ardlzed, but there still exists so • 2 much doubt in regard to its derl- 2 • vatlon that in fully half the pa- • 2 pecs it 'appears capitalized, 2 • which is regarded as a real trlb- • « uto to the great American game e 2 from which it comes. The Eng- 2 o llsh called it \profiteering.\ o e e •ooeoo®esas«o»eo»o»»e»*efc» SHEEP SHED ON GOVERNMENT FARM AT BELTSVILLE. (Prepared by the \United States Depart- ment of Agriculture.) Equipment for raising sheep need not he expensive. In mild latitudes little housing is needed and the main requisites are fencing and pastures of sufficient number and size to allow fre- quent changing of flocks to fresh ground to insure health. Where the winters are longer and more severe, however, there should be some protec- tion from storms. Buildings used to house sheep should be dry, well venti- lated, and free from drafts, but no special provision for warmth Is usual- ly required. Small flocks can be cared for in sec- tions of barns with other stock whore stabling and feed storage facilities are ample, but with a flock of say 100 ewes, separate buildings are desirable. In Farmers' Bulletin 810 of the United States department of agriculture, \Equipment for Farm Sheep Raising,\ the plan of such a separate building is discussed, together with drawings ajid llustratlons. The working drawings and bills of material for a building of this character can be obtained by appll- Grade Cheviot Ewe and Twin Lambs cation to the office of public roads anil rural engineering, department of agri- culture, Washington. As the supply of drawings for free distribution, how- ever, is limited, it is expected that no one will apply for them who is not seriously contemplating building. Room for Many Sheep. The building described In these plans Is designed to meet the needs of those permanently engaged In sheep raising on a largo scale. It provides for the housing of approximately 160 ewes and four or five bucks. For this purpose eight large pens for the ewes and one small one for the bucks are provldod. Twelve square feet of floor space and IMPROVED QUALITY OF VEGETABLES Tilefish Records for Six Months. The total known catch of tilefish for the first half of 1917, as reported to the United States bureau of fish- eries, was 4,556,385 pounds, for which the fishermen received $247,0S7. The quantity for the corresponding period in 1910 was 4,000*000 po-juds of an ua- -latoi'iainable valuo. Careful Culture and \Harvesting at Proper Stage of Maturity Are of Importance. The quality of all classes of vege- tables may be greatly improved by careful culture and by harvesting in the proper stage of maturity. This Is the statement of the garden commit- tee of the Kansas council of defense. For crops such as lettuce, celery, and cabbage, the edible part of which consists of the leaves or stems, con- siderable moisture is necessary in the soil during the entire growing season. With insufficient moisture these crops are stunted and have an inferior fla- vor. The rapid growth resulting from an abundant supply of moisture pro- duces tender leaf tissues, character- istic of vegetables of the best quality. Some crops, such as tomatoes and melons, require an abundant supply of moisture early in the season for rapid growth, but produce vegetables of the best quality If the soil is not too wet during the ripening season. Moisture may be conserved in the garden by thorough cultivation. Irri- gation is also a valuable aid in gar- dening when the cost of applying the water Is uot excessive, 15 inches of rack space per ewe are al- lowed. The partitions between the pens are formed by movable feed racks so arranged that the attendant can walk down the center to distribute feed. The sides of the pen next the alley are formed by wall racks. On the second floor the hay mow provides storage space for 55 tons of loose hay or straw, and the grain storage room for 1,100 bushels of grain. Exclusive of silage, this is enough feed to carry all the sheep which should be put in the barn for a period of five months. The silo should have a capacity for 30 tons. Hay is thrown down through two chutes, each fitted with a sliding door at the bottom, and the grain is deliv- ered to the first floor through four spouts, each of which may carry a dif- ferent mixture. Essentials for Winter Lambing. In addition to the pens, the first floor contains a shepherd's room equipped with a stove and a medicine closet. This mny be used as a hospital for chilled lambs. With a room of Oils kind at the disposal of the shepherd, the barn mny be considered as possessing all the essentials for successful winter lamb- ing. A large silo, a supply of roughage stored outside the burn with which to refill the mow late in the fall, and a few extra feed racks set up in the lots, would enable the owner of such a barn to feed out two carloads of .lambs in early winter before using the building for the breeding ewes. At the prices prevailing for labor and material in May, 1910, it is esti- mated that, exclusive of feed racks, the cost of such a barn would be ap- proximately §2,400. These figures, how- ever, the bulletin points out, should be taken only as a rough guide, for It Is impossible to state exactly what the price of material and labor will be at any time in a given locality. The amount of farm labor that is employed in the construction of the building will also affect the final cost. The cost of the concrete silo with a capacity of 30 tons may bo roughly estimated at ?150. For each additional ton $3.10 should be added. In selecting the site for such a build- ing, dryness is perhaps the 'most im- portant consideration. Ample yard space adjacent to the main barn should also be provided, and, if possible, this should have a southern slope with sandy soil. It Is also desirable that the building should be convenient to the farmhouse or to other barns be- cause a flock of sheep requires during a part of the year attention many times each day. The quality of most vegetables is considerably affected by the tempera- ture during the growing season.' Let- tuce, radishes, spinach, cauliflower, cabbage, and other vegetables adapted to cool climates will not be of good quality when grown in the -hottest part of the-summer. On the other hand, heat is necessary for best results with tomatoes, egg plant, peppers and sweet corn. _ . Tne vegetables of whicli the green parts are used as food, such as greeu peas, string beans and sweet corn, are of the highest quality if picked just before they mature. On the other hand, If some vegetables are harvested for home use too soon, as Is often the case with melons and tomatoes, their qual- ity is not what It would be a little iater. DETERMINE LENGTH OF DRAG Lengthy Implement Is Harder to Con- trol Than a Short One, and It • Requires More Room. Where the road is of proper width the length of the drag may be gov- erned by the size of the team ; a seven- foot drag for a team of 1,200-pound horses, and eight feet for a team of 1,600-pound horses. A nine-foot dra„' would be rather long for any uncared- for road right at the beginning, no mat- ter how large the team may be. A long drag is harder to control than n short one, and Jt requires more rooin, SPECIAL CARE FOR ROOSTER Keep Male Exercising, Supply Plenty of Proper Kind of Food and Eggs Should Be Fertile. Good breeding males sometimes get themselves out of breeding condition by overgallantry. Instead of taking their share of the food they call the hens. A good plan is to give every male a special feed at night. Many breeders coop the male at night and feed him morning and night. See to it that the male's spurs are not long and sharp enough to cut the backs of the hens. Either wrap them with narrow strips of cloth or saw them off. If the male has a bare spot on the head, or a torn wattle, the hens are likely to peck at him. Some males will permit the hens to pluck feathers and peck at their noses until there is a raw surface. Grease these bare spots with carbolized vaseline, and coop the bird until the wound has a chance to heal over. An open wound of this sort Is apt to become infected with the germ of chlckenpox and give lots of trouble. Pigeons, sparrows and other birds are said to carry chicken- pox. If the germs are in the ground, and the male rubs his sore spots with Infected feet, he is almost sure to get the disease. Keep him exercising, give him plen- ty of the right kind of food and the eggs should be fertile. TOULOUSE IS MOST POPULAR All Economic Breeds of Geese Are Kept Primarily for the Production of Meat and Feathers. Six breeds of geese have been ad- mitted to the American standard of perfection, namely Toulouse, Embden, Chinese, African, wild or Canadian, and Egyptian. In addition to the standard breeds there is the so-called mongrel goose, which is a hybrid made by crossing one of these varieties, or the common goose, with wild geese. Crosses of the varieties of goe«e, es- Toulouse Geese. pecially of the Toulouse and Embden, are occasionally made, but without, any apparent gain. The Toulouse, Embden, Chinese and African are easily the most popular breeds of geese in this country, the first two greatly leading the other breeds. All economic breeds of geese are kept pri- marily for the production of flesh and feathers; and although their eggs are occasionally used for culinary pur- poses on the farm, there is no demand for them for food purposes in the markets. MARKED EGGS IN INCUBATOR Just Before Pipping Sew Eggs Which Are to Be Pedigreed Into Cheese- cloth Sacks. The eggs of one hen, or a setting of eggs, may be hatched In the incubator with other eggs, if, just before pipping, the eggs to be pedigreed are sewed in- to cheesecloth sacks. Make the sacks large enough to leave plenty of room for each chick, and see that there are no loose threads to choke the chicks. Jf there are several sacks, mark each sack, as the shells are often broken too much to show the record. Boll \the sacks before using a second time. FIND DIFFERENCE IN BREEDS Fowl May Not Be Up to Standard Qualifications and Yet Be Pure- bred—Markings Are Off. A \standard-bred\ fowl and a \pure- bred\ fowl are not necessarily the same. A bird may not.be up to the standard o£ qualifications and yet be a purebred. But a standard-bred is bound to be a purebred. Utility poul- try are fowls, bred for increased egg and meat production, and while they are pure in blood may be way off in markings from a poultry show point of view. CAREFUL SELECTION OF HEN Constitutional Vigor Should Be First Consideration—Excs\lent Points to Note. Constitutional vigor should be the first consideration in the selection of a hen. The bead should be broad, wide and deep; the eyes full, round and promi- nent ; and the neck of. medium length. t <i 1 r_ I ~ L - J AVegefable——--.- r ... ., imilatinStheFpodfylteSulv, 1 MtfieStwn^andBoygsg INFANTS - CHIIRR£N TforebyPromdtaP&stt ( lihcen^Ift^sandRestCoiilaias, leither 0plttm,MorphlnenK| liucral.NoTNAH£OTio JbciilltSa&i , TfbmSxd A'helpfulKemedyfor fonstipauonaadDiarrhoea and Feverishness and loss OF SLEEP . nsutting IhetefrwiwnJiitaniy- j racSiraile Sisinatareof. \ jta CENTAUR G0OTAN6 NBVr^QRE For Infants and Children. Mothers Know That Genuine Gastoria Bears the Signature of In Use For Over Thirty Years Exact Copy of Wrapper THXOENTAURCOMPANV, MEW YORK ttlTT. ITALY TO LIMIT DOMINATION HOLD. ON\ TO OPEN TACTICS Can Gain No Advantage by Undue Ex- pansion on Eastern Shores of Adriatic, Declares Writer. It is, of course, evident that Italy has no advantage to.gain from an un- due expansion of her territorial hold- ings on the eastern shores of the Ad- riatic, Gugllelmo Ferrero writes in the Atlantic. Here the Italian population lives only on the coast, or near it, and far this reason Italy cannot spread her domination far into the Interior without incurring the risk of coming into serious and severe conflict with the subject Slavic population, or with those Slavic states which will be in a position to Intervene in their defense. Italian mastery of the eastern coast would therefore be limited to a thin littoral strip of land, and one need not be a great strategist to understand what a disadvantage It would be for Italy to have to defend a long line of frontier a few dozen kilometers from the coast, behind which would He a vast hinterland occupied by people seething with discontent at being cut off from the sea. If Italy, then, does not wish to be- come Involved in long and arduous wars for the conquest of this hinter- land, her purposes will be best served by reducing to a minimum her terri- torial annexation on the further shore of the Adriatic. Fault of the Light. James had been playing late and was just about to wash his hands, as he w-as required to do before coming to the table, when he saw his father filling his plate and, as he was par- ticularly hungry ne looked at his hands dubiously and decided they might pass muster; so he took his place, determined to run the risk of banishment. His sister Mary observed the omis- sion almost at once and said: \Why James, look at your hands! They're not clean.\ \Oh yes, they are, Mary,\ he replied. He considered them a moment. \If they look dirty* It's just the way the light strikes them on this white table- cloth.\ She Understood. The teacher was giving a talk on coins of the realm, and they had been through the entire range from pennies to double eagles. One little girl was singularly Inattentive. Her gaze was fixed upon a playful sparrow on the window sill, and she had no thought for coins. Suddenly the teacher placed a half dollar on the pupil's desk and de- manded: \What's that?\ \Heads came in Instantaneous an- swer.—Harper's Magazine. No Kindergarten Role. He—I offer you my heart's first fresh young.affections. She—George, I have often thought I'd like to teach—but I have never cared for kindergarten work. Undoubtedly. \He's rich and yet he never spends any more than he has to.\ \That's probably the reason he's rich.\ American Soldiers Not to Be Trained in Trench Fighting to Exclusion of Other Strategy. It seems probable now that we shall not. be able to go Into the trench fight- ing at the training camps quite as thoroughly as the Canadians and the English have done, Herbert Eeed writes in the New York Independent. Of course the trench charging, bayonet and bombing, through wire entangle- ments and fascines will be taught, but unless there Is a sudden change In plans I doubt if the complicated laby- rinths used over the northern border will be duplicated. There seems to be a growing feeling that since we are building up from the bottom we must devote more time than the new levies of our allies to the strat- egy and tactics of open warfare. It is of course, understood that many of us —how many no one knows—are going to France, but the powers that be have not been unmindful of the work of Von Hindenburg early~in the war on the eastern front, and they do not want to be caught flat-footed should the opportunity for swift open field op- erations on a large scale ever offer. It is in such operations that the offi- cers of the line, the battalion com- manders especially,, and the second lieutenants as a matter of course, need a larger vision than it to be gained through the intensive study of trench warfare alone. CARE FOR YOUR SKIN And Keep It Clear by Dally Use of Cuticura—Trial Free. A hot bath with Cuticura Soap fol- lowed by a gentle anointing with Cuti- cura Ointment clears the skin or scalp In most cases of eczemas, rashes and itching of children and adults. Make Cuticura your every-day toilet prepara- tions and prevent such troubles. Free sample each by mail with Book. Address postcard, Cuticura, Dept. L, Boston. Sold everywhere.—Adv. Narrow Escape. Out of breath, with the perspiration running down his cheeks and puffing like a grampus, Sandy reached his abode. He had run as he had never done before. \Mac his \auid freen,\ was aston- ished at Sandy's condition. \What's wrang, mon?\ he inquired. \You look as if the very <^e*il himself had been running after you.\ \Hoots said Sandy, \I've had a narrow escape frne ruin.\ \You dinnn sae so,\ said Mack. \Yes replied Sandy, wiping his brow. \A wis standin' listening tae a . band playin' an' all of a sudden yin 0' the players came roon wt' his hat col- lectin'. Ma conscience, Mac, A've had tae rin like the mischief tae get oot D' his way.\ SAYS Try a dish of Postloasties with cream for lunch *» <£>> oajhot Her Wish. \I wish you were like Mrs. Green's husband.\ \Why?\ \He's so good to her. He buys her everything I want.\ Retort Vigorous. Husband—This pie is stale. I won't eat it. It is yesterday's. Wife—Yes, dear, and if you don't eat it today it will be tomorrow's.—Indian- apolis News. Today you are having the fun you'll probably be longing for ten years from England employs t 45,000 woman clerics. j.*— **»—!l .,.4 ! m Some men go abroad to complete their education. Others marry. -w\! *•\\»•
