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THE WATE&TQWN KE-TJNION. WOWN REFUSES OPERATION Tells How She Was Saved by Taking Lydia E. Pink- ham's Vegetable Compound. Louisville, Ky.—-\I think if more suf- fering •women would take Lydia E. [Pinkham's Vegeta- ble Compound they would enjoy better health, I suffered from a female trou- ble, and the doctors decided I had a tumorous growth and would have to be operated upon, but X refused as I do Jnot believe in opera- tional I had fainting spells, bloated, and could hardly stand the pain in my left side. My husband insisted that I try Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound, and I am so thankful I did, for I am now a well woman. I Bleep better, do all my housework and take long walks. I never fail to praise Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound for my good health. \—Mrs. J. M. KESCH, 1900 West Broadway, Louisville, Ky. Since we guarantee that all testimo- nials which we publish are genuine, is it not fair to suppose that if Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound has the virtue t o help these -women it will help any other woman who is suffering in a like manner? If you are ill do not drag along until an operation is necessary, but at once take Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound. Write to Lydia E. Pinkham Medicine Co., (confidential) Lynn, Blass. Your letter -wil be opened, read and answered by a woman, and held hi strict confidence. DECIDED TO KEEP \MANNER\ Comment of Uncle Josh Certainly No Tribute to Charms of Attendants at \Exchange.\ The conversation in a club the other afternoon turned to the unso- phisticated, when Senator Claude Kitchin of North Carolina recalled a happy little incident about Uncle Josh. Uncle Josh, who lived far back in the crimson clover zone, happened into the big city one day and found himself standing before a woman's exchange. That was a new one on Josh, and for a long while he stood there and thoughtfully pondered. Fin- ally hi) entered the building. \I s'pose, ma'am,\ said he, address- ing one of the attendants, \that this is the woman's exchange?\ \Yes this is the woman's exchange,\ replied the attendant. \What can we do for you?\ \I s'pose,\ continued Josh, glancing alternately at the two or three women in the office, \that you are the only women folks here?\ \There are no others,\ was the won-' dering response o£ the attendant. \Um thoughtfully observed Josh, starting toward the door, \then 1 guess I'll jes' keep Hanner.'WPhila- delphia Telegraph. TOUCHES OF ECZEMA Constipation Vanishes Forever Prompt Relief—Permanent Cure CARTER'S LITTLE ~ LIVER PILLS never fail. Purely vegeta- ble — act surely but gently on the liver. Stop after dinner dis- tress—cure indigestion, - -«- improve the complexion, brighten the eyes. SMALL PILL, SMALL DOSE, SMALL PRICE. Genuine must bear Signature mmm The Home Remedy for coughs, colds, hoarseness; pleasant to take and sure to help when needed. Of Horehound and Tar A tonic, expectorant and laxative. Contains no opium nor anything injurious. Sold by all druggists. Try PiWi looUuciie Drops W. N. U., NEW YORK, NO. 43-1915. Choice of Hostelries. \What Is the best hotel?\ the new- comer inquired. \The one down the street,\ replied the native, reflectively, \has the best dining room for dancing. But the one around the corner has the best roof garden and skating rink. And—oh, yes, I nearly forgot, there's an old- fashioned tavern up three or four blocks where you might get some- thing to eat.\—Judge. At Once Relieved by Cutlcura Quite Easily. Trial Free. The Soap to cleanse and purify, the Ointment, t o soothe and heal. • Nothing batter than these fragrant super- creamy emollients for all troubles af- fecting the skin, scalp, hair and hands. They mean a clear skin, clean scalp, good hair and soft, white hands. Sample each free by mail with Book. Address postcard, Cutlcura, Dept. XY, Boston. Sold everywhere.—Adv. Curious Mineral. Perhaps the most curious mineral found in the United States is stauro- lite, otherwise known as the \fairy stone.\ This is an iron-aluminum sili- cate found only in Virginia and North Carolina, the reddiBh-brown and brownish-black crystals occurring in well-defined single and double crosses. There is some commercial demand for the crosses as curios, which are worn as watch charms or on chains in the manner of a locket or lavalliere—a de- mand perhaps stimulated by the quaint legend which is told of their origin; the fairies living in the caves of the mountains, on hearing the sad tidings of the death of Christ, fash- ioned these crosses as mementoes of him. Why Do the Girls Do It? \Why do only very pretty girls wear their hair i n knots over their ears?\ asked Jenkins. \Because fur earmutfs cost money in these war days,\ ventured Judkins. \They wouldn't probably, If they knew constant covering up the ears tends to deafness, besides being un- sanitary,\ said the doctor. \The ears require air as well as the face.\ \Pshaw!\ returned Jenkins, \they cover their ears because they don't wish to hear all the pretty things said about them.\ \Jenkins you don't know a thing about human nature, as exemplified in .the pretty girl,\ retorted the doctor. And they all laughed. Possibly. \The big financiers seem to be wor- iying an awful lot about the flood of gold that's coming to this country from Europe.\ \Maybe they're afraid the common people will get hold of some of it.\ If a woman is willing to listen to a man it's usually because she haB no more talk to unload. The tall man is occasionally short on intellect. V ILNA has been one of the most important objectives of the Teutonic drives in Russia. A description of this railway, trading and manufacturing city is given by the National Geo- graphic society. Vilna is a city of 170,000, an indus- trial and trade center, situated in the midst of a region of tangled forests, almost impassable marshes and low- lying lakes, at the intersection of the railways from Warsaw to Petrograd and from Libau, the Baltic port, to Rostof, at the mouth of the Don. It lies nearly mid-way between the cities of •Qrodno and DvinsTc, two other points upon the Warsaw-Petrograd railway. Petrograd lies 436 miles away to the north-northwest of. Vilna, and the country in between is a laby- rinth of lake, morass, woodland and wet meadowland. It is more than 110 miles from the German frontier, to- ward which it is guarded by the for- tress of Kovno in the northwest. Ancient and Properous. The city is an ancient one, of which fact its appearance bears every testi- mony, for its irregular ground-plan straggles among, around and over the knot of low hills upon which the city ss built in accordance with the tradi- tional aimlessness of the middle ages. Its streets are narrow and not espe- cially well-kept. It wears, however, a general'air of comfortable prosperity; tor Vilna sends large quantities of goods to the Black sea and to the Bal- tic. It handles a very extensive busi- ness in grains and timber, articles Which it exported before the present War i n great quantities to Germany, to (Holland and to England. It also has Important textile and leather indus- tries. Vilna manufactures consider- able tobacco, knit goods, clothing, ar- tificial flowers and gloves. The old town is rich in memories. A mass of ruins that were once a bril- liant castle of the Jagellons is here. Vilna waB probably founded In the Kovno has shared in the expansion caused by the demands of the present generation of Russians for a home in- dustry of sufficient development to hasten the supply of the young nation with the material element of modern civilization. It has developed- several important metal industries, and has large factories producing nails, wire, barbed wire and machines, lit has also developed a large commission busi- ness, and was an important entrepot for timber, cereals, flax, flour, spirits, flsh, coal and building stone, products of trade between western Russia and Prussia. It has a population of about 75,000. Kovno was founded in the eleventh century, and, hetween 1384 and 1398, it was a possession of thp Teutonic Knights. EARTH'S MOST COSTLY GEMS They Are the Superb Black Opals, Which Are Found Only in One Desolate Spot. American women were greatly ex- cited over the magnificent show of black opals which the Australian gov- ernment sent to the Panama exposi- tion. , These exquisite gems, which were practically unknown up till compara- tively t recently, cost more, carat for carat, than do diamonds even, while experts declare that they are superbly beautiful. And in this connection it may be pointed out that the term \black opal\ is distinctly misleading. It was coined to distinguish it from the familiar \light opal.\ As a matter of fact the black opal is alive with myriad shades of flaming splendor, from brightest tints of green glowing fire to meteoric gold or lavender, that in an instant quivers to crimson, or slips into mol- ten ruby or sapphire, as the angle oi light alters. Black opals are so dear, not only be- cause they are so beautiful, but be- •a^zmw7!^^i%is&\-s!;^,ii^s^^«!^yi^i-isa!ass!^^ RIVER FRONT OF VILNA oarly part of the tenth century, hut is first mentioned as the chief fortified town of the Lithuanians in 1128. It was the nucleus about which the great Lithuanian power grew, and a capital in which the ancient religious service was continued until the end of the fourteenth century. The god Perkunas was housed here in a splendid temple (>nd protected his people in their swamp and woodland until the temple was destroyed ruthlessly in 1387 by Prince Jaglello aftdr his conversion and baptism. Wars, plague and destructive fires have played havoc with the city's prosperity and growth. It was nearly ruined altogether in the seventeenth century, during the struggle between Russia and Poland. RuBsia finally took possession of the city in 1795, after Poland's partition. The Poles of Vilna aided the uprisings against their Russian'overlords in 1831 and in 1863, and bitter punishment was ad- ministered for this by the czar's gov- ernment. The native Russian element in the city is small. It is estimated that mori' than 50 per cent of the population is Jewish, while the Lithu- anians and Poles make up the greatest t-yart of the remainder. Something About Kovno. Kovno, the key to the railway sys- tem of northwestern Russia, is the central fortress in the Russian north- western chain of frontier strongholds. It stands at the confluence of the Nte- men and the Viliya rivers, east of central Bast Prussia. Petrograd lies 550 miles by railroad to the northwest, whil« behind Kovno, and between this fortress and Petrograd, the Russian plain is strewn as thickly with lakes as fallow meadow lands are with July and August daisies. Mitau, Kovno, Grodno and Lemberg lie nearly in the same line, north and south. The railway from Bydtkuhnen, East Prussia, to Vilna runs through Kovno, and at its terminus joins the trunkline between Warsaw and Petrograd. Kov- no is a fortress of the first class, and has been considerably strengthened in recent years. Its main defense con- sists of a girdle of 11 forts, surround- ing the town in an arc wltk a radius of about two and one-half miles. The fork of the river junction is an import- ant feature of the city's strength. Here it is guarded by three forts in the lirectian of Vilna, one of which com- mands the Vilna bridge. The fortress (•> 55 miles from the Bast Prussian , )'>rd#v, cause they are so rare. They are found only at one spot, a comparative- ly small tract of ground in New South. Wales, adjoining the Queensland bor- der. The field is called Lightning Ridge. It is a wild and desolate spot. The nearest towns to it are Walgett and Collarendabri, and it is about 600 miles from Sydney, as the crow flies. Black opal mining i s about the big- gest gamble extant. There is really nothing to guide the miner in select- ing a likely spot. The work is hard. The shafts average 40 feet in depth, and all rock has to be \bucketed\ to the top. Water is scarce, food almost unobtainable. On the other hand, the prospector Who is lucky enough to stumble upon a \pocket\ of iair-sized, flawless stones reaps a fortune forth- with—Pearson's Magazine. Expansiveness of Compound Interest. The wealth of the world grows very slowly and the amount of real saving is amazingly small. If. for example, the wealth of the United States when George Washington became president was equivalent to a billion dollars (and that perhaps is not a bad guess), and this amount could have steadily earned a little over five per cent every year since, this gain, compounded, would exceed the present estimated wealth of this country. This means that all the rest of the saving and the gains from new enterprises and a rap- idly increasing population have only just about balanced the annual waste and loss. True, more than two-thirds of the wealth of nations is still the human machine, and not the viBible taxable property. But the fact serves to show how slight is the annual gain even in the premier get-rich-quick country of the world—the United States. — Carl Snyder in Collier's Weekly. A Striking Comparison. Church—I see the chanceB of being struck by lightning are four times greater in the country than in the city. Gotham—Perhaps, but the chances of being struck by something else are twenty times greater in the city. Unavailing Equipment. \Professor Thlnkum speaks seven different languages.\ \Yes replied Miss Cayenne. \But nobody takes much interest in what he says in any of them.\ CARING FOR FALL CHICKENS Wise Thing to Attend to Chicks Brought Late in Season—Nice Profit Made onThreo Hatches. More attention should be given to fall -chickens,, for there is a large profit made in them. Very often hens steal their nests away and come up •with chicks in the fall. These are, as a rule, neglected and the chicks die from exposure and want of food. Ex- perience has taught me, says a writer in an exchange, that it is a wise thing to caro for these chicks, for they will live through the winter if properly taken o'are of, and be ready for the market in March or April when the price of young fries is good. Last fall the first of November, I had three hens to hutch out 24 chicks. I have a room, a t one end of my chick- en house that is plastered and has a floor arid windows in it. I gave all the chicks to one hen, and put them with her in this room. I kept plenty of straw on the floor for warmth and, litter, provided them with a box of oyster shells, and fed them on winter alfalfa, grains, meat scraps and hot mash made of middlings, I had a nice hunch of chicks ready for the market. I made a contract with the manager of a large hotel to sell them to him for 60 cents a pound. One does not mind the labor spent when considering the nice profit. These chicks were hatched by hens which stole their nests away. QUALITIES OF PEKIN DUCKS Most Extensively Bred and Probably as Good All-Round Market Fowl as There Is on Farm. Today we have 11 acknowledgea varieties of ducks, viz.: Pekin, Ayles- bury, Rouen, Runner, Crested White, White Muscovy, Colored Muscovy, Flock of Ducklings. Cayuga. White Call, Gray Call and Black Bast Indians. For real practical purposes, I only recommend the first four classes and in the order that I have named them, the Pekin being the most extensively bred and probably as good an all- round market duck as there is today; but they are the moat' timid, and con- sequently more liable to get panic- stricken when raised in large num- bers, says a writer in an exchange. Standard weight of adult drake, eight pounds; duck, seven pounds. As to laying qualities the Pekins are outclassed only by a single breed. It is a common thing for a Pekin duck to lay from 100 to 125 eggs to a single season. DUSTING PLACES FOR FOWLS When Provided They Should Be Moist, Not Dry Earth—Dust-Filled Air Is Not Desirable. Comparatively few poultry plants provide any dust bath other than such \dusting\ places as the fowls can And in the runs and the earth on the floor. The great trouble with the dust bath is that it is misnamed. From the name a good many poultry keepers have come to believe that a \dust bath\ should be filled with dry dust, the dryer the better. A fowl will use a dust bath when she can't get any- thing more t o her liking, and she will wallow in it until the place is filled with dust almost to the point of suf- focation. Such dust-filled air is not desirable for breathing purposes. But biddy will kick up great clouds of dust scratching in dry litter fvad appear none the worse for it. As Others See Us. Mifkins—Old Skinner told me the other'day that he began his business career by running away with a circus Blfkins—Well, I don't doubt it. It's almost impossible to nail a circus down, Short-Lived. • \It usually takes a man a lifetime to acquire fame,\ said the moralizer. \tfos rejoined the demoralizer alii the world sometimes remember im for as nwb as a week after m .uuoi'aL\ iMMdtfMMaPiMMl^Mil^i^fl LITTLE THINGS MAKE FOR DAIRY SUCCESS Daisy Grace De Kol. Cows should not stand facing a win- dow unless the window is covered with muslin. By the way, the muslin window in a cow stable is better by far than glass. It t gives a subdued light and furnishes an ideal system of ventilation. No man can succeed in dairying un- less he knows that each cow is pay- ing him a profit. A dairy cow that does not more than pay for feed and care i s a robber that should not he al- low to live. There is no method of feeding which will increase the percentage of fat in a given cow's milk to any con- siderable extent, but there are meth- ods of feeding which will make a non- paying cow profitable, very often, sim- ply by increasing the quantity of milk she gives. Take good care of the calves, for they are the nursery of the dairy; and a calf which has been raised in the \pot-bellied\ style on slops and SELECT SEED CORN ONLY OUT IN FIELD Of Much Importance to Know If Ears Matured Early and Thereby Avoided Frosts. (By J. C. HACKLEMAN. Missouri Col- lege of Agriculture.) Always select seed corn in the field before frosts and freezes injure it. Scoop-shovel selection, or even more careful crib picking next spring, will be especially fatal if frost injures the corn this fall. When the harvest is on and you be- gin to gather the crop, you can not tell which ears matured early, and would be likely t o produce an early crop that will avoid frost next year. You are too busy to study seed ears, anyhow, when trying to put as many bushels as possible into the crib each day. Only in the field is it possible to know whether an ear is large because It was produced on the only stalk in the hill and BO had more than its share of sunshine and plantfood. Care- ful experiment station tests have shown that the ears which are good in spite of having been grown on poor soil and in a somewhat crowded stand are more productive than those on highly fertile fields or in thin stands. Only in the field can you tell wheth- er the ear ,was too high or too low on the stalk, and whether it stood so erect that the fall rains would enter the husks and spoil the ear. Ears that stand almost erect will be mate- rially injured in case o£ a prolonged rainy fall even though no frosts or freezes should come before the corn is harvested. If the corn should be frozen before harvesting, and when it is still wet from a cold rain, it is not unreasonable to think some of it would be kllleu. Ears that have a longer shank, and point down, are nmcU bet- ter. Bar height is important not only be- cause the lower ears are more conven lent to harvest, but also because pro- longed experiments have proved that low ears are generally earlier in ma- turing than the high ears. Therefore, select the, ears that appear on the stalk from three to four feet high and unconsciously, but surely, the ear height and maturity of your, corn will be influenced. INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT FLAX PLANT More of This Valuable Crop, Can and Should Be Produced— Humus Is Necessary. Flax is not \hard on the land\ when sompared with other crops. Flax should not be grown on the same field oftener than once in five or seven years. Flax wilt germs are carried by the seed, and live from year to year in the soil. The formaldehyde treatment will disinfect the seed. Flax can he successfully grown on old lands when properly handled. Do not sow flax on iiax-sick soil. Early planting is safest in the long run. A firm seedbed is a necessary. Harvest the crop when it is ripe. Thresh or stack as soon as possible when flax gets dry. Flax in rotation should follow the hay or pasture crops. A large amount i>f humus is accessary in the soil. kept in a shadeless, grassless lot all the first summer, never makes a good cow. The dairy farmer who keeps so many cows that he must neglect them to take proper care of his crops, has made a wrong division of MB opera- tions. The cows- should be taken care of first and only as much land ha cropped as can be well cared for be- tween milkings. The good dairy cow is wedge-shaped in two directions. She is wide in the rear and narrow in front. She is nar- row on the top of the shoulders and wide between the forelegs. This shape gives room for a large amount of feed and for a big heart, denoting a strong arterial circulation. The man who has so little self-re-' spect that he will allow himself to work around cows that stand in a filthy stable lacks considerably of reaching up to the mark of a good dairyman. * EASY TO ERADICATE SMUT FROM WHEAT Good Plan to Get Neighbors to Also Treat Their Seed- Spores Fly With Wind. In many localities the loss from stinking smut or loose smut in wheat is as much as 25 per cent or 30 per cent. It is easy to eradicate smut, but unless you can get adjoining neighbors to treat their seed for smut, the spores will fly over the fence from the un- treated grain, reinfecting the treated grain. To one pint of full-strength formal- dehyde (you can get it at any drug store) add 35 or 40 gallons of water. Spread out the seed on a floor or can- vas, and sprinkle with formaldehyde solution until thoroughly moist, but not wet enough to pack in the hand. Shovel or rake over repeatedly to dis- tribute the moisture evenly. Shovel into a pile and cover with sacks or canvas for at least two hours, the canvas having been soaked in the so- lution to kill any spores which might have remained. Take off the blankets and rake until the grain is dry, which will only take a few minutes. Be sure that your formaldehyde is of full strength because there is much of i t that is very weak. RIGHT PROPORTIONS IN POULTRY RATIONS Hens Get Fat and Lazy When Given Nothing but Fat-Form- ing Feed—Avoid Extremes. Suppose you feed your hen3 on a fat-forming ration altogether, and this is the kind they eat most greedily. Peed a corn mash in the morning, cracked corn at noon, whole corn at night. The hens would get fat and lazy and-lay few eggs; presently tbeyi would get liver-grown, break down and die. Peed the same flock, instead of, the fat-making ,food, a full protein— wheat, green bone, meat scraps or bran. At first the eggs laid would! surprise you; soon you Would notice the hens getting light; diarrhea would set in, then indigestion and rheumatism; the .egg crop would short- en up, and it would be a more diffi- cult task to get that flock back to health than when fed the fat-forming, ration. These are the extremes in feeding. Both rations are needed, but must be mixed to right proportion. PACKING ENSILAGE IMPROVES QUALITY Tramping Excludes Air and Pre-' vents Formation of Acetic Acid—Cut Silage Pine. Packing the ensilage well improves It. It iB the air in the ensilage that spoils it, and the more air in it the more acetic acid is formed. This is the acid that makes it sour. The less air the less of the acetic acid and the more lactic acid, Which is the most desirable. The tramping in compact- ing the ensilage leaves' less room for air and so makes a better ensilage. Cutting\ the ensilage fine makes it pack better. Half to three-quarter inch lengths are the most satisfac tory.—North Dakota Experiment Sta- tion* '
