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DY T. J, A 13. O. SUTHElUiANl). ‘ LIGHT, LIBERTY, AND TRUTH. ” VOL. I. WillTE PLAINS, WESTCHESTER COUNTY, N. Y„ THURSDAY AFTERNOON, JULY 10, 1845. TERMS! tst PER ANNUM, In Advmicc. NO. 10. Termi of SnbwHpUon. Terms of Advertising. ' Eight line * * or leu, fir.! Imertlon, ..... $0 »»• Yearly e^mtiuTi, occupyioge eq\*\, IS 00. IHIf • eqtiare or under, ....................... 11 ‘ legal Notices. Administrators ’ Notice. P URSUANT to so order of Frederick J. Coffin, Surrogate of tlio County of Weilcheitor. uotico Is herel,y givon to oil noriona hneiut clnime.aeaiual tho Latnto of J ames M. riARRIS, Into of Notches. In the Slate of MUiiwippi, dccoaied, to present the ■rune, mill the voucher* thereof, to Sam uel F. Reynolds, one of the Administrators of laid deceased, at his office in tho village of Sing Sing, on or before tho fourth day of January Sext. Dated June 30ih, 1845. SAMUEL F. REYNOLDS , ) Admin- 9m0 LEMUEL HARRIS, { istrator*. Administratrix's Stric. W ESTCHEeTER SURROGATE ’ S COURT. — In the matter of the sale of so much of the Real Estate of Francia Kain, deceased, a^ is necey- gtry to pay hia debts. • In punuanca of an order heretofore made by Frederick J. Coffin, Surrogate of the County of Westchester, in the above entitled matter, will be ■old, at public sale, on the premises hereinafter de scribed, on the fourteenth day of July next, at 12 o'clock at noon of that day, the following describ ed promise*, with the improvements thereon, which ■re bounded and described in tho conveyance thereof from John Drake and wife to the saidFran- eis Kain, bearing date the first day of March, A. D. 1832, ns follow* s “ All that certain meaaunge and piece or parcel of land and tenement!, situate lying and being in the town of East Chester and State of New York, and bounded «• follow* : Be ginning at the aouUi-west corner of said land, at the corner of the road leading to Lancaster Under- bHl's, known by Ponfield road, joining the Stage White Plains road, from thence running northerly by and with White Plain* road until it cornea to land of Charles Morgan, thence running northerly by said Morgan's land as the fence now stand* un til It cornea to the land of John Townsend, thence along said course by the land of said Townsend as the fence now atands, until it comes to the road known by the Ponfleld road, as aforesaid, thence running south-westerly by and with laid road until it cornea to the aforesaid corner, tho place of be ginning : containingtwenty-eight acres, be the same more or leas. ” Also all that piece or parcel of land and prem ises, situate lying and being in the town of East Cheater aforeaald. in the County and State afore- said, and is bounded a* follow*; Beginning by the corner of Ponfield road by the Post road that leada to White Plain*, at the gate on the within descrlb- «d premises, from thenco running westerly by and with the land of Thomas Lawrence as the fence now stands, until it comes to the east corner of the d of Israel Hunt to a white oak tree marked aftth three hacks as a bound tree, thence running aortherly by and with the land of said larael Hunt y the fence now stands, until it comes to the north- kst comer of the land of the siid Israel Hunt, thence running westerly by and with the land of ih* said larael Hunt a straight line os the fence now stands, until it cornea to the undivided land tbs property of the late Jonathan Pinkney, do- etased, th*nce running northerly by and with the lud of the said Pinkney, deceased, until it comes to the Ponfield roadj thence running easterly and thence southerly the whole distance by and with the slid Ponfield road to the aforesaid gate, the place of beginning : containing, by estimation, fifty acres, be the aame more or less. The improvements on the above describe,! pre- auses consist of a mansion house, gardener's house, fenn house, coach house, and barns. The above premises were occupied by Francis Kain in hia life lime. The farm, mansion house, and out buildings, are in good condition, and con stitute a desirable residence, being within a mile of the New York and Harlem Rail Road. For particulars, application may bo made to Famuel E. Lyon, Esq., at White Plains, or to the subscriber In New York. Dated May 26, 1845. . 4w7 HE NRIETTA KAIN, Administratrix. ADVERTISEMENT. An Act recommending u Convention of the Peo ple of this State. Passed May 13,1845. The People of the Slate of New York, repre sented in Senate and Assembly, do enact as fol lows: J 1. The inspectors of election in each town, ward • and election district in this State, at the annual • election to be held on the Tuesday succeeding the first Monday of November, one thouaand eight hundred and forty-five, shall provide a proper box to receive the ballots of the citizens'of this State entitled to vote at such election, in relation to tho convention herein alter provided for. On such bal lots ahall be written or printed, or partly written and partly printed, by those voters who are in favor of Ihe proposed convention, the word • ‘ convention, ’ words “ no conventionr aud all citizens of this State who ahall be entitled by law to vote at such annual election, shall be allowed to vote by ballot at aforesaid at the poll or election district in which he resides, and not elsewhere. § 2. So much of articles one, two and three, of title four, of chapter ono hundred and thirty, of an act entitled “ An act respecting elections other than for military and town officers, ” passed April 5,1842, as regulates tho manlier of condudingelec- tions and challenges, oaths to be administered, and inquiries to be made of persons offering to vote, ■hall be deemed applicable to the votes to be given or offered under this ad) and the manner of voting and challenges, and the penalties for false awearing, inscribed by law, are hereby declared in full it effect in voting under this act. & 5. So pinch of articles flrat, etcond, third and fourth of title fifth ot chapter one hundred pd thirty, of the act entitled •• An act respecting elec tions other than for militia and town-.offle passed April 6, 1842, 1 a* regulate* the duties of county canvassers and their proceedings, and the duty of county clerka ah<J the Secretary of State, and the.board of State canvasaers, ahall be applied to the canvassing and ascertaining the will of the people of this State In relation to the proposed convention j and if It ahall appear by the said can* that a majority of the ballot* or vote* given In and returned aa aforesaid are for “ no convention, ’ 1 then and in such case the said canvasaers are hereby required to certify and declare that there aha)l be no further proceeding* under this act In re iarion to calling a convention. But if it shall ap peal by Ihe aaid canvau that a majority of the bal lots or votes given as aforesaid are for a convention, that then and tn such case, the canvessers shall cer tify and declare that a convention will be called accordingly, and a copy of the aaid certificate shall be transmitted by the Secretary of this State to the sheriff, clerk or first judge of each of the coun ties of this State, and shall be by them published, and copies delivered to the supervisors of the sev eral towns and cities within their respective coun ties, in tho aame manner as notice* for the election of senators are now.by law required to be published and delivered. $ 6. In case the aaid canvassers shall certify and declare a majority of such ballot* or vote* to be for a convention, it ahall and may be lawful, and it is hereby recommended to the citizens of this State, on the last Tuesday of Aprili eighteen hun dred and forty-six, to elect by ballot, delegates to meet In convention for the purpose of considering the constitulion of this State, and to make auch af- terationa in the same as the rights of the people deem proper. f __ _________ elrgates to be chosen to such convention shall be the same as the number of members of Assembly from the respective cities and countie* in this State. All persons entitled to vote for members of Assembly ahall be entitled to vote for such delegates. Such election shall in all respects be conducted at is now provided by law for Ihe election of member* of Aajembly ; the polls opened and held In the same manner, and the canvas* and other proceedings to determine thq. election of such delegates conducted as is now prescribed by law for electing members of Assem bly. § 8. The delegates so chosen, shall meet in con vention ot the capital in the city of Albany, on the first Monday of June, eighteen hundred and forty- •lx. They ahall, by ballot, elect one of their num ber president, and may appoint ono or more secre taries, a printer, and auch door-keepers and mes sengers as their convenience shall renuire ; and such delegates and the secretaries of the conven tion shall be entitled to the same mifeage for travel and the same per diem allowance, as Is now paid to members of the legislature, and the printer, door-keepera and messengers shall receive the same compeni dion as is provided by law for similar seryfee* and attendance upon the Asaembly. . The amount of pay shall be certified by the president of the convention, and shall be paid by the trea surer of the State, on the warrant of the comp troller, in the same manner ar members ofthe legis lature are paid. It ahall be the duty of the secre tary of State to attend aaid convention at the open ing thereof, and he and all public officers shall fur nish such convention with all auch papers, state ments, books or other public documents in their possession, as the said convention shall order or require; and it ahall be the duty of the comptroller to furnish the members with all such stationary as is nsual for the legislature while in session. § 9. The proceedings of the said convention shall bo filed in the office of the Secretary of State, and the amendments to the constitution agreed to by ihe said convention, shall be recorded in his office; said amendments shall be submitted by the convention to the people for their adoption or re jection, at the annual election to be held on the Tues day next succeeding the first Monday in November, one thousand eight hundred and forty-six; and eve ry person entitled to vote at that election may vote thereon, in the election district in which he shall then reside, and not elsewhere. The said amend ments shall be so prepared and distinguished, by numbers or otherwise, that they can be voted upon separately, and Ihey shall be so voted upon, unless the convention shall be of the opinion that it is impracticable to prepare them so that they can be voted upon in that manner; and if the said conven tion ahall by resolution declare that in its judge ment ths said amendments cannot be th« said amendments cannot be prepare be voted upon separately, they shall be v upon together. In either case the convention shall prescribe the form of the ballot, the publica tion ofthe amendments, and the notice to be given ot the election. In case the said amendments shall be voted upon separately, every person entitled to vote thereon, may vote for or against any one or more ofthem. At the election mentioned in this section, the inspectors in every election district shall provide a suitable box to receive the bal lots given upon the said amendments, which bal lots shall have the word “ conatitution ’ ’ written or printed, or partly written and partly printed, upon them, so that when they are folded it will appear on the outaide of the ballot; and all the provisiona ofthe laws of this State in relation to the election of officer* at a general election, shall apply to the voting upon the said amendments, so far as the same can be made applicable thereto; and the votes given upon the said amendments shall be given and canvassed, and all the proceedings shall be had in regard to them, as hearly as practicable in the manner prescribed by law in respect to the votes given for Governor. Each of the said amendments which shall receive a majority of all the votes given upon it at the election mentioned in this section, shall be deemed and taken to be a part ofthe conslitution of this Slate, and shall take effect from and after the Ihirty firet day of Decem ber in the year one thousand eight hundred and forty-six, unless the said convention shall prescribe some other time on which the same shall take ef fect; and each ofthe said amendments which ihall not receive a majority *\ \• * * it ot the said election, . ...... $ 10. All wilful ami corrupt false swearings in taking any of Ihe oaths prescribed by this act, or by the laws of this State made applicable to this act, or any other mode or form in carrying into ef fect this act, ahall be deemed perjury, and ahall be punished in the manner now prescribed by law for wilful and corrupt purjury. ( II. It •ball be the duty of Ihe Secretary of counties in this State in which two or more public newspapers are published ; and in the public news papers [n all those countlea where only one public Pc _____________ _________ ____ § 3. The aaid vole* given for and against _ vention,\ in purauance of this act, shall be can- vassed by the inspectors of the several election ’ .s| ,o b •'\ubU ' ,d /our, of/itle four, chapter one hundred and thirty ,or lw<l ofthe sMd act, entitled “ An act respecting elec tions other than for militia and town officers.\ pawed April 5.184$. as far aa the aame are appll- cablet and auch canvau shall be completed by as certaining tho whole number of vole* given in each election diatriet or poll for convention, and the whole number of auch votes given against such convention in the form aforesaid ; and the reault ■ being found, the Inspectors ahall make a statement in words at full length of tho whole number of bal lots received in relation to auch proposed convan* tion. and shall also state In word at full length the whole number of ballots having thereon the word “ convention ” alone, and also the whole number of ballot* having thereon the words “ no conven tion. ” Such statements as aforesaid shall contain a caption listing the day on which, and-the num ber of tho district, the town or ward and the county at which ’the election was held, and at the end thereof a certificate that auch statement Is correct in all respects | which' certificate ahall be sub scribed by aU th* inspectors, and a true copy of such |iatsmsnt shall bs immediately filed by them in the office of ths clerk of the town or city. 6 4. Ths original atatsmsnta, duly certified ai aforesaid, ahall bo delivered by the inspectors, c by one of them, to be deputed for that purpose to the supervisor, or in cut there be no iu* supervisor or be shall be disabled from at* tending the board of county caavaatars, then to one of tho asaeasora of tho town or ward, within twenty-four hours after tbo seme shall have been •ubscrihed by auch inspectors, to bo disposed of as the-other statement i *t vwh *tec*ion are now re- q iired by law. Chronology of tho Biography of Gen. Jackson. 1707, March 15. — Born near Wnxhaw Settlement, South Carolina, of parent! re cently emigrated from Ireland. » 1781. — Entered tha revolutionary service ot the age of 14. Taken prisoner, and wounded by a British officer for apirited resistance to a degrading order. . 1784 — Commenced the study of the law at Snliabury, N. C. 1786. —Admitted to tho Bar in North Carolina. 1787. — Accompanied Judge M'Nairey to the S. W. Territory, now the State of Ten nessee, where he jvns shortly after ap pointed Attorney General. 1795. — Chosen a member of tho Con vention to form a Constitution for the State of Tennessee. Elected to Congress in tho samo year, and took his seat in the Houso of Representatives November 22, 1796. 1797. —Elected U. S. Senator, and took his sent November 22, 1797. 1799. — Resigned his place in the Senate nnd appointed Judgo vf tho Supreme Couri of Tennessee. 1800. — Chosen ’ General of Militia of Tennessee. 1812. — Raised 2500 volunteers for the ir with Grout Britain, and $5000 on his personal credit to provide for their comfort. 18l3>-AAer the massacre ot Fort Mimms by the Creeks, took command of the Tennessee troops, with a recently frac tured arm, and in six months terminated the border difficulties. 1814. — Appointed Brigadier General in the U. S. Army. Concluded an advanta geous treaty with tho Creeks, reduced Pen sacola, forced the surrender of Fort Barran cas, and dispersed the British and Indiana harbored nnd protected thereby the treach erous conduct of the Spanish Governor, Mnnriquez, Nov. 9. Arrested the advance of the British to New Orleans, by a daring night attack, Dec. 25. Repulsed the at tack under Sir Edward Packenhnm, with great loss to the British, Dec. 28. 1815. — Jan. I, repulsed another assault. n. 8, with 3700 American Militiamen won the great victory at New Orleans over 9000 of VVellington ’ s Invincibles, repulsing their ultnek, with a loss of 13 on the ono side, and 2600 on the other. Jan. 24th, fined $1000 by Judge Hall for opposing a habeas corpus issued by said Judge, during the ex istence of martial law, for the release of Louaillier, arrested by Gen. Jackson for ex citing mutiny in his camp. Tho amount of the fine being collected by tho ladies of New Orleans, Jackson directed its distri- among tho widows and orphans of those who had fallen'in tho defence of tho ity, paying tho fine himself. 1817. — Marched against tho Seminoles n Florida; executed two incendiaries stim ulating the Indians, Arbuthnot and Ambris- ter. Again entered Pensacola and took Forf Barrancas, to which the Spanish Gov ernor had retreated, July 28th. 1821. — Appointed first Governor of Flo rida after its cession to tho United States. 1822. — Nominated, as a candidate for the Presidency by tho Legislature of Ten nessee. 1823. — Declined tho appointment of Minister to Mexico. 1824. — Received a plurality of votes for the Presidency, but the election devolving on the House of Representatives, John Quincy Adams was chosen. . Gen. , Jac k- son was elected to the U. S. Senate from Tennessee. 1825. —Again nominated for the Presi dency. Resigned his seat in the Senate. 1828. —Elected President of tho Upiled Slates. 1829. — Inaugurated March 4lh. Deliv ered first annual message Dec. 8th. 1830. — Vetoed the Maysville Road Bill May 27th. 1832. — Vetoed tho United States Bank Bill July 10th. Re-elected President in November. Issued South Carolina Proc lamation Dec. Ilth. 1833. — Nullification Mesragn Jan. 16lh Second Inaugural Address March 4th. Removal of the Government Deposits from the Bunk ofthe Un^ed States in October. 1834. — Protest against the Impeachment Resolution April 15th. 1830 —French Indemnity Message Jun. 15th. Texas Message Dec. 2 1st. 1837. — The Impeachment Resolution,* through the indomitable perseverance of Benton, expunged from the Record ofthe Senate January 16th. Farewell Address .March 3d. . 1844. — Jan. 8th — On the 28th anniver sary of the Victory of New Orleans the Houso of Representatives refunded tho fine of $1000 imposed by Judgo Hall; con curred in by the Senate Feb. 14th. 1845. — Died at the Hermitage, near Nashville, June 8th, at about 0 P. M., at jeace with God and man, forgiving his en emies, praying for his country, and ripe for immortality. • ______ ' R atiiir S punky . — A young man late ly paid his attentions to a young woman, ana was prosperous in hia suit, tijl he heard ahe was inclined to marry a missionary •apply the aevml officers who are to perform the duties prescribed by this act » and the aaid clerks of counties shall distri bute the same to such officer* ; and the expenses of publishing and distributing the same and all other legal expense! incurred in printing for the convention shall be audited by the comptroller, and paid bY tha treasurer according to law. § is. Tbo copy of the certificate of the State c.nvu.'O .hill In no CM b. ilirccl..! to !h. clerk of • county, unleaa the office of sheriff of ■uch eonnly .h.ll Ihm bo v.onl, nor to Ihe fir.l unl.u the offle of .h.illT nnd clerk ahall bo vacant. & 13. The county of Hamilton and the eoqnty of Fulton ahall jointly elect one de* — .......... . vention in the same manner; ai be canvassed and transmitted in too same wanner, ai now providod by law in reference to members of Assembly. State of New York, ) I have compared the pi Secretary ’ s Office, ( ceding with the origlAePi on file in this office, and do cartify that the ta<ne' is a correct transcript therefrom, and of the whole ofthe said original. 4wl2 N.S .BENTON, Secretary of State, _nd go totho heathen. Ho asked her about it, and she confiimed the report, and, at the same lime, declared that her duty to the heathen required that ahe ehould give him up I Liken sensible man, he assured-her that if she loved tho heathen belter than himself, ho would not stand in the way, nnd the heathen might have her for all he cared. So the heathen got her, and the re jected lover is ready to try again. Among the •• venerables\ in tho proces sion on Tuesday, there was no ono who at tracted more attention than High Constable Jacob •Ilaya, who, although in hia 79th year, trudged on loot throughout the whole entire route, carrying hia at.ir of ofilce, and preceding the Common Council ns Sergeanhat-Armi. Ho is truly o wonder ful man for bis,yean*, and it will bb a wry difficult matter, when ho shall depart from amdnjlj ui to find hia like again. — IV. York Courier if* Enjuirer, Iowa and Wisconsin* Wc learn from tho Providence Journal that an instructive lecture upon these new States has been delivered in that city by Dr. J. V. C. S mith , of Boston —a lecture replete with information derived from a tour through those sections ofthe country during the past summer. Tho Journal gives an abstract of tho discourse, from which wo select the following : V Tho Territory of Wisconsin is six hun dred miles long, and on an average two hun dred miles broad —one third larger than New England. The resources of the coun try are immense — one may rido day after day over a plain of unbounded fertility, and hardly meet a human being. The sun rises in the green grass, courses through the heavens, and sets in the green gross again. There is a succession of prairies rising one above the other, like a flight of steps. This has been caused by a succes- of upheavings from below. The Mis sissippi, now quite a narrow stream, was formerly-fifteen or twenty miles wide, and has been reduced to its present bed by these upheavings of the earth. Tho mounds are found here, which prove this to have been a very old country. — There is a series of these structures reach ing from Western New York to the Gulf of Mexico, and from Wheeling, (Ya.) to tho baso of tho Rocky Mountains. These mounds ore often one hundred feet in height, and three hundred feet upon a side at the base. Their construction must have cost much time and labor. The water is pumped tip from the Mississippi loathe top of one of these mounds, and thus carried into the city of St. Louis. The elevation of the mound is sufficient to carry the water the third story of every house in tha Some of tho mounds are sepulchral, anti contain immense quantities of human bones. Some of the mounds aro fortifications, ex tremely well constructed. On these mounds trees have grown and decayed, and other trees, now old, have grown upon their ru- There is upon one of them, a tree with four hundred concentric circles, show ing it to be at least four hundred-years old, and ttiis is standing on the ruins ofanother tree, probably as old when it fell into de cay. There can be no doubt that this coun try was formerly inhabited by an industri ous, peaceable, and comparauvely civilized people, who were exterminated by the ir- ption of the Indians, a later tribe, which is quite a recent event. Geologists admit that this rontinent is older than Europe, and this continent was formerly the bed of the ocean. The proofs of this ore numerous nnd conclusive.^ Il if lime country, and lime is a product* of the :enn. The immense masses of stone around the falls of St. Anthony are com posed of sea shells. This country has been thrown up from the bottom of the ocean by a series dl upheavings, the last of which was Rocky Mountains, dividing this great ocean into the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Here are to,bo a series of States of im mense extent, and more fertile than any other part of the country. It is the best part of the country for a man to settle in. He can go there and select a farm and not be called upon to pay a cent for it for perhaps two or three generations, and when the land is eventually brought into market, he can be sure to have it at the minimum price of$l 25 per acre. A man who should overbid a quarter could not safely remain in the country. _________________ Interesting Facts. Vinegar boiled with myrrh or camphor sprinkled in n room, corrects putridity Jlops entwine to the left, and beans to the ri & h, • Gold may be beaten into leaves so thin, that 280,000 would be only an inch thick.. The earth is 7,916 nTiles in diameter, and 24.880 miles round. Forests of Matiding trees have been dis covered in Yorkshire, England, and in Ireland, imbedded in stone. Fossil remains on the Ohio prove that it was once covered by the sea. When the sea is blue coU>r it is deep wa ter ; and when green, shallow. A mop of China, made ono thousand years before Christ, is still in existence. The 14th day ot January, on an average of years, is the coldest day in the year. In water, sound passes at the rate of 4,708 feel per second. In nir, 1142 feet per second. In the Arctic regions, when tho thermo meter is below zero, persons can converse ■annorelhnn a mile distant. Dr. Jamieson asserts, that he heard every word of a ser mon ot the distance of two miles. Ezekiel ’ s reed was* ten feet eleven and a half inches long. A Sabbath day ’ s journey was about two thirds of a mile. There are two thousand andfive hundred known species of fishes. Perfectly white cats are deaf. * The bones of birds are hollow and filled with air instead of marrow. The flea jumps 200 times its own length, equal to a quarter of a mile for a man. The black ostrich stands 7 feet high. In the human body there are 240 bones. There is iron enough in the blood of 24 men to make fifty horse ahoet, each weigh ing half n pound. A man is taller in the morning by half an inch than 110 is at night. Water is the only universal medicine ; by it all diseases may bo alleviated orcured About the age of 36, it is said, the lean man becomes fatter, nnd the fat man leaner. The atoms composing a man arc believed to bo changed every 40 days, and the bones .in a few months. _________ P ofulation . — A newly married couple went lo house-keeping at Boston, in Poplar street. At breakfast, tho next morning after their entrance, the gentleman aaid to his Indy — “ My door, this is Pbplar atreet, I nnd by putting v in it, it become* popular.\ •• Ana oy putting u* in it,\ promptly re- | plied the lady, *» it will become populous. From tha New Orleans Picayune. F rom ocr P iobon H ole . — Tha mia- cellanenua correspondence of a newspaper establishment ia'rather niora racy than that of any other business concern. We have time and again been templed to publish por tions of our epist&lary accumulations aa fur nishing ns good a synopsis of the discon tents, and contents, too, of society, as could bo gathered from other sources. In many of these \ confidential contributions\ we omo in for a good ahnre qf ** friendly ad vice,\ or “ gratuitous objuration,\ as the tone of our paper, or the clmracterof particular editorials touch the temper of our readers. Wo have on hand every variety of compo sition of this sort — specimens of good na ture,of ill nature,and ofnonnturentnil. We three bundles of “ soft sawder\ — vo luntary presents from admiring pnlrons— and perhaps a larger quantity of lecture* from well-disposed persona who borrow the paper from their next door neighbors. There is any quantity of letters written in n mixed strain of flattery and disparage ment; indeed it would appear that the most approved mode of berating an editor is that of infusing the bitterest reproof into a (aud itory paragraph — just ns arsenic is conceal ed in sweet tutter. — Specimens of this cha racter commence this wise : Messrs. Editors — I om more mortified than I can well say to see ao able and influ ential a journal as tho Picayune makes d — d fool of itself, as has been the case in regard to the pending controversy,” &c. Any ono will perceive how admirably the cautery of the conclusion is soothed by such emollients as “ able\ and “ influentinl journal\ in the fore part of the sentence. The great discovery of Sir •Humphrey Da vy, that a mixture of the ** carbonate of barytes with eight time* its weight of grease\ is a most surreptitious and deluding ratsbane, fulls short of this invention of dig ging a newspaper under the fifth rib. r The object of q very large nnd ingeni is class of teltcra is to.extort a puff of mo new machine —such as a mouse trap constructed upon a plan unknown to the ancients. These arc mostly ns followeth : Messrs. Editors — Tho numerous and admiring agricultural readers of your in teresting and instructive journal, will be glad to learn that a shovel has been inven ted by which ono horse nnd a boy may do the work of three men nnd one yoke of oxen.\ This onnouncement is followed up by a description ol the contrivance, the onto of the patent which gives the inventor the sole right of selling the same, and the valuable information as to where a “ ten dollar bill\ enclosed •• post paid\ to tho writer — who forgot to pay postage on his own letter— will secure one of these invaluable improve ments. L«*t it not bo siippoaed, however, that our pigeon hole is filled altogether with auch documents. Our judgment has been im peached in softest guise os well as disabled in downright phraseology. We have like wise communications in which matters of pith and moment aro disposed of in the true Cnmbyses vein— others that insinunie themselves into our very vitals with their flattery, ao dexterously adjusted lo our pow ers of deglutition. Then we have conu mon-placc sayings and uncommon doings, done up in black and white. We have wit, humor of both sorts in good measure, em ployed in giving us information it befits us to have. Take, for instance, a sample that was handed into our sanctum while this notice was in process of construction : Eds. Pic. — Please have tho Picayune put over the door of our office. Tho rats in our store are so hungry that after they have rend the paper nobody else can get any good from it — it isao every morning. Youra, &c. ( ------- With this note yesterday ’ s number ofthe Picayune was sent round to us in tho con dition in which the rata had left it. It was in a pitiable plight for one who desired to get information out of it. By placing the miltilated sheet over on unbroken copy, we ascertained the meal that was made of it. After the rats had become acquainted with its contents, they, to all appearance, began their breakfast by-gnawing at a passage in which we recommended Ole Bull to grease hin fiddle bow when playing that portion of his forthcoming work on the “ Mammoth Cave\ intended to represent the blind fish that are found in the waters under the earth. Our observations were to powerful and appropriate, that the imaginations of the varmints must have been impressed with the idea of the actual presence of cat gut and suet. They then cut their way through “ Regular Ha.bita\ nnd wqded deep into the “ Democracy of Texas.\ They par took very slightly of “ Ohio Currency\ — but preferred “ blue pup\ to either of the other descriptions. “ Mrs. Caudle ’ s Lec tures\ they did not seem to like. They de voured the greater portion of Neal ’ s “ Ghost in Hamlet,\ demonstrating thereby that ap paritions of modern days have much nutri ment in them. ••They nto up totally a •' Wrecked Vessel,\ perchance to make way with the evidence of a disaster pro duced by aohae others of their tribe. They J ;nawed a “ Brutal Murderer\ in a dread- al trinnner, and pickfd the bones of Dr. Koch's *» Zeuloaon Sillimanii\—they re spected the name, however, not knowing exactly what it meant. They aoLred ” Church Difficulties\ by letting the bran out of the bustles that produced them. In deed, they consumed many dishea entirely, nnd tasted all tho reat — It waa aomewhat remarkable that, notwithstanding they seemed to relish Captain Elliot, nothing could induce them to laato M l Saligny.. Whether they were afraid that hia “ rock- in? horae\ might tread on their toes, or that the thing waa too inlipid or loo pun gent for (hair taste, will remain as profound a mystery ai the antediluvian history of the lalapd of Ichnboe. Electricity and AffricuUurc.. Much has been recently said nnd written upon tho remarkable influence of the electrical fluid when brought to bear uppn growing vegetables, but we have no where seenOhe process so simply elucidated, and ita results no encoura gingly realised, as in the experiment of which wfc subjoin the details. The report whence these fuels are taken was made to toe Polytechnic and Geological Society of the West Riding of Yorkshire. It will be remarked that this principle is upon the free electricity of the atmosphere — n power all may use — and not, as in *nme expdriments made among u*, through the intervention of the gal vanic oattery. Dr. Forster, of FindrassicIIousc, near Elgin, having made an experiment on a field of bar ley, the result was thus reported to the society : Dr. Forster had threshed, weighed, nnd mea sured his electro-cultured chevalier barley, and the product was the enormous quantity of 104 bushels, or thirteen quarters per acre ! The tail corn was now measured, and each bushel weighed 54 1-2 lbs. The weight of the straw was 9,300 lbs. per acre. The cost of the elec tric apparatus is £1 per acre, which will last for twenty years. The following is the plan of a plot for a quarter of an acer: 22 yards. 0.5 14 feet o pole. Strong wood liookcd ( stake. COST. s. d. 6 lbs. iron wire, 4d. per lb., for buried wire, 2 0 4 lbs. ditto, 3d. per lb., for suspended wire; 1 0 2 poles of dry wood, at Cd. each, ' 1 0 Labor, &c., 1 0 Total cost, • • -50 As the area increases, the cost diminishes rapidly. Convenient and desirable are ns for two acres, 127 by 75 yards; one acre. 80 by 55 yards: three-quarters of an acre, 82 1-2 by 44; one-half of an acre, 73 1-2 by 33 yards; one-quarter of an acre, 55 by 22 yards ; one- eightn of an acre, 36 by 16 yards. The mode in which the plot is laid out is as follows: With a mariner ’ s compass of mea sured lengths 4f common string, lay out the places for the wooden pins, to wYtich the buried wire is attached (by passing through a small staple.) Care must be taken to lay the length of the wire due North and South by compass, and tho breadth due East and West. This wire must be placed from two to three inches deep in the soil. The lines of the buried wire are then completed. The suspended wire must be attached and in contact with the buried wires at both of its ends. A wooden pin with a staple must therefore be driven in at A, and the two E oles (one 14 and the other 15 feet) being placed y the compass due north and soutlr, the wire is placed over them and fastened to the wooden stake, but touching likewise at this point the buried wire. The suspended wire must not be drawn too tight,otherwise the wind will break it. The Rev. W. Thorpe remarked that the appli cation of the electricity of the atmosphere upon a large scale for the purpose of agriculture is a discovery which, if successful, (and there is every theoretical reason that it should be so) will exercise a most important influence upon its interests. Dr. Forster here has obtained more than three times the averqge amount of both barley and straw, (4 to 5 quarters being the average, while he has 13 quarters, and about 3000 lbs. of straw, while he has 9,300 lbs.) The condition of the air in regard to electricity has evidently a most .striking influence on the rapidity of the growth of plants, most of which increase in the most extraordinary manner dur ing thundry weather. — Nitric acid, a most im portant element in the food of plants, is formed in the atmosphere during thunder storms; and at these periods free electricity in considerable quantity can be drawn from tho nir by flying kites with wire strings. There is also n general electric current over the earth's surface from east to west, nnd both the tcrrcstial anti aerial currents arc collected by the suspended and bu ried wires, and again abstracted by the moist earth and the roots, which when wet become conductors of electricity. The application of electricity to field culture is quite in its infancy, and probably many improvements will be dis covered; whether one or more suspended wires should be added, or galvanic troughs placed in the field to supply additional electric fluid, arc yet subjects to bo determined. It is unneces sary to add that the electric fluid acts ns a stimu lant, and therefore the usual quantity of ma nures must be applied. These certainly are most extraordinary re sults, obtained at the merest trifle of expense of labor and money— a quarter of an acre may be prepared, it wilf be seen, for little more than one dollar ! and as the expense diminishes with the increase of the area — for/w dollars probably two acres could bo prepared. This experiment was to be repeated exten sively in England ; and as we arc rather good in this country on thunder storms, and have a summer ulmosphere habitually well charged with electricity, we hope many of our readers may be tempted to make a trial of this new agent — since it can be done at so little cost, with 'so little trouble, and with such large re- ^ AMhia very moment, on fields of Indian Corn or of potatoes, the experiment might be readily tried. — Courier. R evolutionary R elics — Ninety-three revolutionary soldiers reside in Cayuga County, N. Y. In the same County there are the. widow* of eighteen deceased sol diers of tho revolution, and three soldiers of tho late war, who are- pensioned on ac count of wounds received. These veteran soldiers wero invited by name, in (ho last Abburn Journal, to participate in the cele bration of the anniversary of our Inde pendence. ______ _______ I mm / oration . — F rom the 2d of April 'lo the 30th of June, there arrived at *h; New York Quarantine Ground 31.443 immigrant*, of whom 17,665 arrived in the month of June. An Interesting Question of Legiti macy. Accusation of a Southern Lady. — Wo have seen n very interesting egae in this week's number of Dr. Smith's Medical and ’ Surgical Journal, copied from the Western Journal of Medicine, the panirulifa of Which arc not less useful in o medicafpoint of view thon of interest to the general rea der. The facts involve n question of pater nity in one of .our Southern Courts, and* may be condensed as follows : A white woman, the wile of n planter of wealth and respectable connections, gave birlb to a male child of so dark a complex ion. that unpleasant suspicions were awa kened umong her acquaintances. Her hus band died subsequent to the birth of the child, and after remainlngn widow four or five years she again married. A doctor, it seems, in an evil hour, charged her w ith incontinence; alleging that “ shehadgiven birth to n mulatto.cbiUl-V Upon this an action for slander has been brought, nnd is still pending, the jury having.fulled., on tho first trial, toogree on a ’ verdict. Nine doc tors appeared ns witnesses, who expresied opinions widely variant touching the mci its of tho case. It was proved that the first husband, tho alleged father ofthe boy, was a man of fair complexion, being of German extraction, but that bis mother and two of his uncles were dark likethe child, and that his fami ly in Germany were, descended from tho Gipsies. It was further stated in thu trial, that during the pregnancy of the mother with this child, she was repeatedly fright ened by reports of “ negro insurrections.\ The appearance of. tho toy is described ns remarkable. His surface presents dif ferent shades of color, tho chest nnd axilla being nearly white, while the abdomen is dark, the change occuring abruptly nnd be ing marked by a well defined line. The boy has been growing pradunlly whiter since birth ; his hair is nearly straight — a little curled, but not kinked ; his feet nnd. nnklps present nothing of tho negro peculiarity ; )iis whole appearance might suggest tho thought that he was tho •* product ofa white woman nnd a mulatto man.\ Such is the description ofthe boy's physiognomy. It was proved by the defendant that tho character of the planlifl had not been above suspicion, and thalcriminal connection with her carriage driver had been possible if not probable. , Some of the questions upon which tho medical witnesses differ arc thus put : “ Is not a mulatto from n white woman darker thon one from a block woman ? '•Aro there any anatomical or physio logical signs by which negro blood might with certuinty.be detected ? “ Is it not usual for mulaltoes to grow darker instead of whiter 1 “ Do you think it possible thnt a navus malerni could cover nearly the whole body? “ Do you think it possible for color to show itself in tho third and fourth genera- lions? “ Do you know of any mode of blench ing by which the skin might be rendered white ?'» (See Hood ’ s History on Bleach ing young Niggorlings.) it seems that the boy has been growing whiter since his infincy ; thnt he is won ting in the characteristics of the negro inco about the heel and ankle; that he > s de scended of the Gipsies, in whom the ilurk. complexion is a hereditary quality; nnd that some of his ancestors were os back, ns himself. Still it must be admitted that these proofs aro not conclusive of the purity ot blood, and the question is one which it may be impossible lo place beyond the reach ot controversy. Nature in her operations in this obscure wqlk seems notto-lic governed by very settled laws. Thus wo nre told of an English woman married to a black man, of whom the offspring was quite i , ! oc j £ j and of a similar cose in which the child resembled tho mother in fairness ol features, the whole skin being white, \ except somo spots on tho thigh, which were as black ns the father.\ White, in his work on the Gradation of Man, mentions a more re- markable case — llmt of a negress who had twins by an Englishman, one being r® r * fectly b'nck, with short, woolly, curled hair, the other white with hair resembling that of an European. Beck, in his Medical Juris prudence, has more.cases going to show the difficulty of establishing any universal rule'on the subject. . r Parental likeness, in the estimation ot Lord Mansfield, is ono of thu slrongesi ar guments in fuvoXof legitimacy. In u casu which coma before him involving this question, he said,\ I have always consider ed likeness as an argument of a child being the son of n parent, and the rather as tnu distinction between individuals in the hu man species is more discernable than be tween other animal!. A mnn.mny survey ten thousand people before he sees two feecs cinclly all lie, nnd in an army ol lor. thousand men every man m«y bo known from another. If ihero should be j like ness of feature, there muy be n diflereneo in tho voice, gesture or other characters ; whereas, a family likeness runs gonernlly through all of these ; far in ovary thing there is a resemblance, as of feature, altitude and action.\ .This tost, suppose, might avail in tho ease under eon- But Lawrence in bis Lectures cites many fscls going to show thst th. above law tmnsmiiteu likeness ts n\ l \ | llho “ ‘ '; ’ c ? tions. Ho remarks -. \ Cllildren do not ai. Ways resemble their parents ; “ \ “ Jj'P. “ c i, have occasionally person. rnce with ch.rscters approaching bo a ot the other races. Among, the w h..o races nf Furooe scattered instances of ihdtvid- “ f .|. E wT;k “ s nearly.. Jark a. those of the Mongols, or South Sea Islanders, aro not unfrequent.\ _____________ Two fencing musters in N^w-Orleans fought a duel on tho 24th ult, ‘ After luck ing each other grievously with broad swords, they were separated ORIGINAL STAINED
