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The framers of our new constitution, fully aware of this, were determined to secure to themselves, and to posterity, the blessings of freedom, by most sedulously guarding every av enue to corruption and intrigue, by the enlarge ment of the right of suffrage, the permanency and independence ot our judiciary, and the inde pendence of the executive and legislative branch es-of our state upon the will and pleasure of their constituents ; and by thus balancing the different powers and parts of the constitution, vigor and safety to the whole, were communicated and se cured. A frequent recurrence, therefore, to first principles, however familiar, is. in times of diffi culty and danger, the most certain safeguard of our freedom. If, then, as our bill of rights declares, 44 no au- “ thorily shall, on any pretence, be exercised 44 over the citizens of the state, but such as shall 44 be derived from, and granted by the people of 44 this state,” how interesting to us all, to execute our duty as good citizens and faithful officers, by a strict uudeviating adherence to the public will, when clearly ascertained and fairly expressed. Regardless ofthe conflicts of passion, the resent ments of disappointed ambition, and the corrupt ing influences of intrigue and faction, we should procede to the exercise of those acts, which will secure to us the approbation of our own con sciences, and the approving voice of impartial posterity. You will perceive from the proclamation by which you are convened, that the subject in re lation to which you are called, has reference to a very interesting part of our government—the choice of electors of president and vice piesidenl of the United States. When we look at the constitution of the gener al government, ancl consider the exposition which avast majority of the union have given to that part of it which relates to this important subject, we cannot entertain a reasonable doubt, that the spirit and good sense of that instrument is best Very soon after the commencement of the ses sion in January last, a bill was introduced into the House of Assembly, in accordance with the prevailing sentiments and wishes ofthe people, and, notwithstanding much discussion upon the provisions of the bill, very little opposition was expressed to its general principle. The bill passed the Assembly with uncommon unanimity, only four members voting against it. It was then sent to the Senate, and the commit tee to whom it was referred made a report to which I have already alluded. A majority ofthe Senate thereupon solemnly declared, that it was expedient to pass a law at the then session of the Legislature, giving to the people of this state, the choice of Electors of President and Vice-Presi dent of the United States : and by a general tick et. Its almost immediate and simultaneous post ponement by the Senate till November next,may have been produced by the fact, am mg others, that as Congress is still in session, it would be proper to learn the sense of that body, before the bill was finally disposed of. If this, or some other reason equally well foun ded, did not exist, it would be viewed by the community, as a singular phenomena, that a measure grounded on a general principle, con curred in by the two branches ofthe Legislature, should in the end be defeated. On the contrary, I was bound to notice the declaration made by the Senate and Assembly, and to believe, that those honorable branches of our government were wil ling and desirous of giving to the people the right of choosing the Electors. If these circumstances grew out of the fact, that the Senate of this state had postponed the subject, in the hope that Congress might still in terfere by reco m m e n d in g an amendment, then as soon as Congress adjourned without doing so, it became my duty to convene the legislature at an earlier period, than the day fixed bylaw, and to which they stood adjourned, to afford them an opportunity of passing the bill, so anxiously re consulted, ’by giving to the people the choice of j quiredand expected by the community at large, those electors. ] It became a duty, from the many extraordinary In no less than nineteen states out of the twen- j circumstances connected with the measure, from ty-four, the electors are chosen by the people, j the constantly increasing solicitude of the people and it is rendered highly probable, from recent j in its favor, and from a due regard to the honor events, that Vermont will be added to the num- • of the state. her. A principle then, so congenial with the j if. under such peculiar circumstances, I had feelings of the people, so deeply interwoven in hesitated to pay a just deference to public senti- the very form ancl structure of our government, and so peculiarly adapted to the fair and legiti mate exercise ofthe right of suffrage, secured to us by our state constitution, can never be at war with the honor, peace or safet}' of our country. Adverting to this principle in the message I had the honor to send you in January last, I ex pressed nry full conviction, that it was 44 a desira ble object of directing such choice to be made by tjie people,” and 1 am free to acknowledge, that I considered it also important, that it should be uniform throughout the union, and that any inter ference by the legislature, whilst the subject was before congress, would be premature. That reason, however, by the recent adjournment of that body, has ceased to exist. Although the number of states in which the legislature make the choice of electors is small, yet I know of no mode in which the object allud ed to, could be attained throughout the union, but by the intervention of congress, or by the le gislatures of a constitutional majority of the states ; and I did entertain the belief, that the in- zems and the prosperity of our stale. cipient step would be taken by congress, and that when taken, it would furnish a basis for the le- of this state to act upo: in passing a m s latu r e *3 law. In this point of view, I did not consider the ul timate success of any proposed amendment throughout the United States immediately mate rial or important, as I was persuaded, that any amendment proposed by congress, would at all times be treated with deference and respect and might have been adopted in principle by this state, in season for the approaching election of president and vice-president of the United States, I was confirmed in the view thus taken of the subject, by the elaborate report of the commit tee of the Senate of this state, which, whilst it recommended to that body, not to pass a law giving the people the right to choose the electors, stated, among other reasons, for its recommen dation, that it ought not to pass, until at least the efforts making in congress, to amend the consti tution of the United States were adopted or re jected. It is true that the senate of the United States had indefinitely postponed the subject before the adjournment of the legislature of\ this state, ;n April last ; but still it remained undisposed of in the house of representatives, and might have been even called up, and reconsidered in the Senate. It was also known, that it was intended by those friendly to the measure, to bring forward the consideration of the same subject, in the house ol representatives, after the Senate of the ( nited States had indefinitely postponed it, and that this was alone prevented by the many other important topics which pressed upon the imme diate attention of the national legislature, until fit length, it adjourned without \performing an act, to which the nation had looked with deep solicitude and interest. Thus, the hopes ofthe Senate of this state, and of its House of Assembly, were disappointed ; and nothing remained in this extraordinary crisis, but to exert that power, which the constitution ofthe state, for the benefit of the people thereof, had delegated to its executive, or quietly to suffer the wishes and expectations of the people, and of their legislature, to be frustrated. Permit me, briefly, to allude to the calm and deliberate review which I took of this subject, at the time o f the adjournment of congress. I. That his majesty’s government is no longer, bound, in considering the question of recognition to wait for any communication with Spain, but that it is wholly free to act on a view to its own interest. 2 . That the government will consider the ques tion of each state separately, and not South Ame rica cn masse. That ministers have taken means to inform ment and legislative declarations, it would have subjected me to the merited reproaches of a free andi enlightened people. Having thus performed what, in the view taken of this highly important subject, 1 considered an incumbent duty on my part, it now remains with you, gentlemen, to adopt such a course, with regard to the choice of Electors, as you in your wisdom inay think most consonant with the wishes and expectations of your constituents ; and in recommending the passage of a law giving it to the people, it is al so satisfactory to me to reflect, that its adoption wilil occasion no additional expense to the state, as the necessity, otherwise, of your again meet ing in the month of November next wili be there by obviated and removed. Should the legislature be engaged in any other business than the im m e d ia te purpose for which it is now called, or in tiie unfinished business of its last meeting, 1 would then recommend the ; propriety of investigating another subject which 1 consider as connected with the safety ol our eiti- Thc deep interest which is so justly felt in our steam boat navigation, and the fatal accidents which have recently attended the operation of its machinery, in several instances, indicate the ne cessity of an early inquiry into the causes of those misfortune, ancl of adopting regulations by law for inspecting at stated intervals, or for otherwise ascertaining the condition and safety of the appa ratus used in such navigation, to avoid in future, as far as practicable, the awful consequences ari sing from mismangement or carelessness. 1 cannot forbear, at this extra session ofthe le gislature, to mention the anticipations so fondly cherished by the American people, that the only surviving general officer of the revolution, the O O ^ # 7 friend and companion of Washington, and who has been so conspicuous for his disinterested pat riotism and devotedness to the liberties of man, is expected shortly to visit our country. ' ith the name of Fayette, are associated the most tender and interesting recollections ; and that country whose independence and freedom be so essentially contributed to establish, can never be indifferent to his welfare, nor be wanting in the hospitalities due to its noble benefactor. 1 doubt not, gentlemen, that you will adopt such meas ures lor receiving this distinguished patriot at the seat of government, should he visit this cily, as will do honor to a greatful people. JOSEPH C. YATES. Albany, August 2 , 1824. M r. R o g e r m o v e d th a t th e usual num b e r o f co p ie s ol th e m e s s a g e be p r in ted for th e u s e o f th e h o u s e , w h ich w a s agreed to . After considerable debate, on referring the Governor's Message, the House adjourned till Tuesday. themselves ofthe actual condition of the respec tive governments, but that no information on the subject has yet reached them. 4 . That his majesty’s government wili stead fastly adhere to the declarations it has made on this subject, and which are before parliament. Lastly. That it has a second time refused the urgent entreaty of Spain to become a party to congress for considering this question. When Mr. Canning stated that his government had declined to become a party in the congress, there were loud cheers. The bill to repeal the act preventing artisans from going abroad, has passed the British parlia ment. M. Hyde de Neuville has been removed as mi nister to Portugal. The wife of the unfortunate Riego was in a dying state in England. The body of the little Sicilian dwarf, who has been recently shown to death in London, has been presented to the royal college of surgeons, by the person who had exhibited it when alive. The father, who it appears resided in Dublin, and was only apprised by the public papers of the death of his child, arrived in London only' in time to re cognize its dismembered trunk in the dissecting room of the college. It appears the child had been taken surreptitiously from its parents. The western part of Galway county in Ireland is said to be in great distress. Many families were reduced to a scanty meal once in 24 hours and the typhus fever had made its appearance. A private letter from Greece stales that the Turks have effected a landing in Candia and N e gropont, but that at the first mentioned place they were repulsed with great slaughter. The force of Ulysses at Negropont, was considerable, and it was fully expected that the utmost extent ofthe evil ofthe arrival of Turkish troops would be to prolong the resistance ofthe fortress of Negropont. No details are given of the affair in Candia. Ac cording to this letter, the Turks have abandoned all idea of invading the Morea this summer. A complete confirmation had been received from Cape Coast, of the defeat, of the English troops, and the destruction of the officers by the Ashantees. Their army was between Dixcove and Elmina when the Jast accounts came away and il was contemplated by the forces from Cape Coast, to make another attack on these barbari ans. Russia. — A public document has recently ap peared in the German papers, from which vve learn that Russia has at present, an army of 950,- 000 men, from which it would appear that she does not intend to diminish her military force. Of this number, 677,500 men are in active ser vice. The first corps, of which the head quarters is at Mohilow, under the command of General Sacken, 320,000 strong; the second on the Pruth, under Count Wittgenstein, 100,000 strong ; the army of Georgia, at Tifles, commanded by Gen. Yemoloiv, 50,000 ; army of Lithuania, head quar ters at Wilna, 80,000 ; Polish army, head quar ters. Warsaw, 30,000 ; the Imperial Guard, under Gen. Gown row, and effective force of 80,000 men. The discipline Cossacks amount to 7500 men. In addition to which, there are about 50,000 men in the military colonies established in the govern ment of Novogorod, Cherson and Charkow. b l A CiiAYJL’S R E W A R D . AN away from the subscriber 011 the j 1 st instant, an apprentice to the Tanning & •Currying business, named John Holliday , some times calls himself John Adams. He had on when he went away, a satinet frock coat and pan taloons, and blue vest. All persons are forbid harboring or trusting him on my account, as I will pay no debts of his contracting after this date. NATHAN BURDICIL Schenectady , August 5, 1 8 2 4 . 7 S T R d Y H O R S E ' T A K E N up by the subscriber 27th inst. a STRAY HORSE. eight or ten years old. The owner is requested to calk prove property, pay charges and take him away. SIM O R M Y N D E R S E . Schenectady, July 9 ,1824. T H E above horse will be sold at pub lic Auction, to the highest bidder, at the house of John. vG iicheal, on Saturday the 7th inst. at 10 O’clock in thff forenoon, to pay expenses. SIM O N M Y N D E R S E . August 5, 1824. 6 MEM OVAL. on the H Among the foreigners of distinction now at the springs, are Gen. Sobotker, the present Governor of the islands of St. Thomas and St. Croix •, Mr. Gcner, formerly President of the Cortes in Spain, and a representative of the island of Cuba 5 and also Mr. Stantos Suarez, also a representative in that body from the same island ; both excluded in the late amnesty of Ferdinand. They are now on a visit to the United States, in company with Mr. Drake, a distinguished merchant of Havana. The number of strangers now at the springs is between eight and nine hundred.— Saratoga Sen . 1 NA'J IONAL NOMINATION. At a meeting o f the D em o c r a t i c m e m b e r s o f Congress, held in the Chamber o f the House o f Represen tatives, February 14-th, 1824, of which Benjamin Buggies, of Ohio, was Chairman, Ela Collins, of New-York, Secre tary, it was unanimously resolved that W m . H. CRAWFORD, of Georgia, be recommended to the People, ofthe United -dates as a proper candidate for the office o f President, and ALBERT GALLATIN, of Pennsylvania, for the office of Vice-President, of the United States, for four years from the 4th of March, 1825. From Europe. — By an arrival at New-York in 33 days from Liverpool. On the 15th June, Sir James Mackintosh pre sented to the house of commons, the petition of the Merchants of the city of London, engaged in trade with South America, the prayer of which that the. house would take the necessary steps to recognize the independenceofthose parts of South America, which have actually achieved their in dependence. He made along and able speech in favor of the recognition. Mr. Canning replied and the Courier remarks that his speech may be re duced to the following heads : ST A T E NO M INATIO N . At a meeting of the D emocratic members of both bouses o f the Legislature, held at Albany, April 2d, 1824, of which Walter Bowae, was Chairman, and James Mullet , Secretary—present one hundred and six members. It was unanimously resolved, that SAMUEL YOUNG, be recommended to the Electors as a proper candidate for the office of Governor, and ERASTUS ROOT, for the office o f Lieut. Governor of the State of New-York, for two years from 1st January, 1825. M a u u t e i ) . —In this city, orv the 28th ult. by Eliud L . Davis, Esq. Mr. David VanDer I-leyden, to Miss Elmina Green, both o f Halfmoon. J. H. BROOKS, AVHNG taken the Fire-Proof Store, in State-Street, lately occupied by Mr. James C- Ikiane , one door west of Mr. J. Brodericks Hard-Ware Store, offers for sale, a well selected and choice assort ment of Dry Goods, Groceries, Crockery , Glass , Earthen & S tone-War e ; which he pledges himself he will sell as low as can be pur chased at any store in this city or Albany. —-AMONG WHICH ARE---- Hyson Skin, ? Hyson, Young Hyson, > TEAS. Bohea & Souchong 3 Jamaica, St. Croix? pTjiif and New England $ iiUM * Spanish and ) BRANDY. Cogmac ) Holland and > G1N. Country 3 Malaga, Colmanar, L. P. Teneriflf, Sicily Madeira, Loaf, Lump,! Havana and > SUGARS. Brown 3 Frtsh Malaga,! Muscatel and > RAISINS. Bloom 3 First Quality MOLASSES; — A L S O — WINES. Coffee, Chocolate, Pepper, Allspice, Ginger, Nutmegs, Pimento, Cloves, Cassia, Figs, Indigo, Shad, Macke ral, Codfish, Salt, Rice, Hull’d Barley, Windsor Soap, Bar do.. Fresh Bread, Essences, Powder, Shot, Brooms, &c. &c. Hard-Ware and Tin-Ware ; MEDICINES. Patent Wheel-Heads. GombaulC s , \ Sw its’’ f T A O A r p A Caldwell Sj Solomon’s 1 ancl M a m ’s ) ALSO, Lorrillard’s SJVUFF. Likewise — Corn, Oats, Butter, Cheese. He keeps constantly f o r sale, P a t e n t C H U R N S , C e d a r & Pine PAILS, W o o d e n B O T T L E S , B u t t e r PAILS, with partitions, TU B S , of all sizes. made by JAMES S. GOULD, Albany. JV*. B . H e invites the attention o f T a vern Keepers to call and examine hia Liquojs., they ar* of the first quality. ■' ■ Schenectady. July 29, 1824L £
