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GENEVA COURIER, PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY MORNING No* 39 Seneca Street, U p -Stalre, by CLEVELAND <fc LOOK. T K R I K S t 4 To village subscribers who receive the pa pers by the carrier,$2,00. To mail subscribers, and those who receive their papers at the office, 01*50. Fifty cents w ill be added in all cases where payment is not made within three months. No papers w ill be discontinued until arrearages are paid. CLEVELAND & LOOK, Proprietors. ■a? ® © nr S S3 T © ® 5 ? S. C. CLEVELAND, Editor. VOL. X X I — NO. 43. WEDNESDAY MORNING WHOLE NO. 1083. f EftMS OF AD 7 BRTISIN 0 . One square one wefck, <« «« three “ “ ,e three months - .< <4 << << DOCTOR R H O A D E S ’, OFFICE AND RESIDENCE ON SENECA STREET, Nearly opposite the M ansion H ouse . 68 RUSSEL R O B B IN S , BOOKBINDER, AND BLANK BOOK MANU FACTURER, Over Dinar, O r t o n & Co.’ s Book Store, Geneva, N. Y. 80 For the Geneva Courier. llfe e n -L ig h t M u s ing* on the Genesee* BY “ 1TKXS. »• HALL, RUCKEL & CO., W H O LESALE DRUGGISTS, A I D D E ALE RS IN Paints, O ils, W h ite Lead, Dye Stuns, F a n c y Articles, A c ., No. 320 GREENWICH St., one Door below Barclay at., New York, Invite the patronage o f Country Dealers in general. . . N. B. Manufacturers of the best Friction Matches in the world, 6m69 . <$t J. H O P K I N S IMPORTERS AND BALERS OF BAR AND BUNDLE IRON, Cast, Blister, and Spring Steel; Amer ican, English, ana German Hard ware; Nails, Anvils, Vices, & c ., <fcc., 9 3 Barclay St, New York ♦ 6m69 WTO. P . L E A T O A N , Plain and Ornamental Painter, Graining & Internal D e c o rations, for Public and Private Houses, done in the best style o f the art. 6m69 Seneca at., G e n e v a , N . Y . THOMAS & HALEY, Importers, St Wholesale Dealers in •ssr a G R E E N A N D D R I E D 2 1 2 W ash i n gton Street, DAN*L TH O M AS, > itR E M lA H H A L E Y , > 69yl DIRT %, B R O T H E R A CO* 134 WILLIAM STREET, N e w Y o r k . M AN U F A CTU RERS OF E V E R Y V A R I E T Y OF Lam p s, Chandeliers, G irandoles, Candelabra, G AS FIXTURES, &C. April, 1851. 59m6 *Twaa moon-light o ’er the Genesee’s waves, And the soft evening slept as silently Upon the water, as the first ealm rest O f the pure Infant which knows not the pang O f this world’s sorrows. Pale and beautiful The rising moon glanced o’er the lovely scene, And shed her gentle rays, like a bright angel, O’er the smooth waveless water. All was still Save the long roll of ihe subsiding swell, Which rose, but rose so gently that Its rise And fall broke not the surface, and but served To throw.the glancing moon-bearae from its fair And mirrored sides Into a thousand soft And beautiful reflections. It would seem As If sweet Nature had unrobed herself To taste the coolness o f that beauteous eve ; And then, as if ashamed, bad thrown around Her maiden form that moon-lit jeweled robe, Which covered and yet scarcely hall concealed The gentle heavlngs o f her fluttering bosom. The far-off planets, from their lofty arch, Looked down enraptured. Ever and anon Somebrlliant star, as If it longed to rest In the embrace ol one so beautiful, Shot from Its native sky, and with a slow And graeeiul flight, sank—as ’ twould seem— Self.gacrlficed, into the breast It left Its home to win. Were I the brightest star That shone in Fashion’s gilded firmament, And moved surrounded by a brlliant host, Magnificent and vast, I would not fall— (’Twere sin to call U falling)—but l*d leave The courtly circle and the glittering crowd, I f 1, like that bright star, could sink upon The trusting bosom o f the one I loved, And rest forever there. R ocbkit * * , September, 1851. From the Pictorial Drawing Room Companion. T H E T R A P P E R ’ S D A U G H T E R . A W estern Sketch. NEW YORK. BULKLEY, BENNETT & CO., Manufacturers of, and Wholesale and Retail Dealers in CABINET WARE AND FURNITURE. W a r e R o a m s—41 Seneca st., GENEVA, N. Y. 50 MISS HKL.EN M . C R A N E , INSTRUCTRESS ON THE PIANO FORTE, G e n a v n *«,, tle u o r a , Rf. Y . ]U4lyl 0 6 a K m ® v b i b » S E N E C A S T R E E T , _ _______________ G E N E V A , N. Y - ___________ 1037 SU PER IO R C H A IN PUMP, MANUFACTURED AND SOLD, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. B Y D. M A B I B , Opposite the Tem p e rance House, CASTLE S T ., G EN EVA, N. Y . 44y D , T . C L E V E L A N D~ F ire, M a r ine, 'L ife, and H e a lth INSURANCE AGENT. ( o f f ic e a t th e c o u r i e r o f f i c e , so u t h side SENECA STREET, NO. 39, UP STAIKS.) BY D R . J . H . ROBINSON. A b o u t two years ago, I found myself at St. Louis, on my way to Fort Lari- mie,— and the wild regions o f the West. I was influenced in my movements, partly by an innate love o f adventure, and partly by the love o f gain ; I was also the bearer o f government dispatches o f some importance. After completing my outfit at St. Louis, I resolved to employ two voya- guers ; and go as far as Council Bluffs, in a canoe, whence, ------- having procured a horse from friendly Indians, I would make the best o f my way to the North Fork o f the Platte River. DR. J. S. STEVENS, Office with Dr. E. Barnes, Eastside Park Place, Main Street. Residence, Main Street, 2nd door above the Post Office._________________ D. O. CRANE, M. D.. Surgeon Dentist,— Office No. 28, Seneca street. d r T w m 7 k IMBER, Physician and Surgeon—Office, five doors north of the Bank 48 GEO. P. MO WHY, Dealer in Drugs, Medicines, e t c ., No. 10,Sen eca street. A. D. PLATT Wholesale and retail dealer in Drugs, Groce ries, Paints and Dyes, No. 8 Seneca street. t H. PARMELEE, Dealer in Drugs, Medicines, Paints, Oils, Dye Stuffs and Groceries, No, 24, Seneca st. C. W H EAT, Dealer in Fancy &. Staple Dry Goods, N o. 36 Seneca street, Geneva. ___________ COBB St SMITH, Dealers in Fancy and Staple Dry Goods, Carpet ing, etc*—store at No 23, Seneca street. H. H. & G. C. SEELYE, Fashionable Dry Goods, No 30, Sertgpa street. VROMAN BECKER, Dealer in Dry Goods, Groceries, Crockery, Glass end Wooden Ware, Cutlery, Nails, etc.— Water, a little south of Tillman street. ™ ^ P. A. BRITTON & CO., Dealer in Staple and Fancy Goods, Groceries. etc., at No 16, Seneca street. DERBY, ORTON & CO., j Booksellers, Stationers, Bookbinders, etc., N 22 Seneca street. W ILLIAM H. SMITH, Bookseller, Stationer, Blank Book Manufacturer and Binder, No. 31 Seneca street. 4 W IGHT & CLARK, Fashionable Hat Store, No 11, Seneca street. perhaps Indian ; J. R. JOHNSTON, Manufacturer o f Steam Engines, Boilers, Mil Gearings, etc., at the Seneca Lake Foundry Water street, Geneva. 4 A ttorney and Counsellor at L a w Cofnmissutner o f Loans, T a x Agent, and Agent for T h e M e r c h a n t 's F i r e Intnrnnce Corny a* •r e f B u f f a l o . C a p ita l, $ 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 . T h e F a r m e r ’ s In s u r a n c e C o m p a n y o f W a s h in g ton C o . T h e M u tual L i f e In s u r a n c e Com p a n y • f New Y o r k , Familiarly known as ‘ ‘The Morris Robinson Ce.” This Company has a net accumulated fund of o v e r $ 1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 , OFFICE, North side of Seneca St., near P a u m m k ' s Drugstore. Geneva, N. Y . 1036 A. D. HOPPING & CO., M ANUFACTURERS o f B I B <D <$> m 8 e ▲ HD WHOLESALE DEALERS IN Painted P a ils, W o o d and W i l l o w W a r e , Brushes) B A S K E T S , C O R D A G E ) A c . 214 WASHINGTON ST., Between Barclay and Veeey Sts. M e w Y o r k * 64m6 \Washington Temperance House, GENEVA, N. Y . O . E O M O N 8 T O N , W ould *ay to the former patrons of this popular House, while under the Direction of WM L* P* ARC® .that no pains will be spared en his part, to make it agreeable to them, and ,h C . r r T « t i ' r e s d y at =1. the Train,, and B e « , t* « r r y Passenger, and Baggage te and rom the House, Free of charge Having decided upon this course, I began to look about for the proper per son to assist me in carrying out my plans. Voyaguers were plenty, but most o f them were drunken, frolicking fellows, not fit to be trusted ; and even those of this character would not engage themselves while they had a cent of money to make merry with. After considerable delay, and a great deal of bargaining, two individuals were enga ged. T o describe them would be a work o f some difficulty, and I shall con dense what I have to say ot them as much as possible. Vamburton was as ugly a compound o f French and Indian blood, as could be found between St. Louis and the Rocky Mountains. His face was covered with a dirty beard of some months’ growth, and it was a subject of some curiosity to me to know how he could insinuate his food thro* such a forest of hair. But I was soon convinced that he e x perienced no difficulty in finding his mouth, especially when whiskey was to be disposed of. His dress consisted o f a leathern hunting shirt and deerskin breech es. H e never conversed, but an swered all questions by a series o f grunts, far from musical. His worthy companion differed from him quite materially in person. H e was taller and more symmetrical, but no less ugly in feature. I never heard him call ed by any other name than 4 N ick,’ which cognomen appeared to answer his purpose just as well as a larger one.— He belonged to no particular race of men, but seemed a mixture of all ; and among what people he will be classed, when all the tribes and kindred o f the earth shall be gathered together for a final adjustment o f human affairs, is a subject which puzzles me not a little.— Perhaps he will 1 turn up? a Mexican ; s a French Canadian : perhaps an possibly a negro, but it’s my humble opinion that he will find his re lations among all these varieties o f men, Nick was not much more talkative than Vamburnton, and loved whiskey quite as well. Everything being in readiness, I left St, Louis with my two voyageurs, but not greatly prepossessed in favor o f eith er. I soon discovered, not much to my satisfaction, that Vamburton kept his eyes upon a small keg o f brandy which I had taken with me ; and that Nick had fallen in love with my excellent rifle; in short, both parties regarded my superi or outfit with envious eyes. M y silver- mounted 4 revolvers,’ with their elabor ate workmanship and cast steel barrels, were obviously, in their estimation, ob jects to be coveted. I reached Westport without accident. W h en I had passed it fairly, and found m y s e lf getting into the Indian country, the voyageurs began to talk in an unin telligible jargon. The usual apathy and indifference disappeared, in a measure, and their gestures and conversation— Igrew quite animated, and at intervals even fierce. W hile I affected to be wholly indifferent to this suddefl change o f manner, I was watching them with a jealous eye. It was about noon, and the second day from Westport. W e were skimming lightly along the surface o f the waters, near the right bank o f the river. The tall trees which grew luxuriantly upon the margin, were mirrored in the dark depths beneath. Whether the sombre shadows reflected upon our way, toge ther with the solemn stillness o f every thing about us, affected my spirits, I am not able to determine ; but certain it is that I felt my heart sink within me.— Sensations o f the most gloomy and omin-1 ous character took possession o f my faculties. It has been affirmed that when one is very near death, a cold, unearth ly, and heart-eickening shudder passes over the entire system ; now whether this is a fact, or otherwise,is not for me to j decide ; but no person will convince me 1 that I did not experience a sensation analogous to what I have described. J Struggled manfully to banish my melan choly presentiments, I have described. I attempted to converse with N ick, but be was silent and moody, while his coun tenance grew more sinister and forbid ding. 4 1 think we had better : go ashore,1 said Vamburton, in exceedingly bad French, addressing me. I understood French perfectly, but the thought occurred to me on the instant, that it would be better for me to affect to be entirely ignorant o f that language; I accordingly shook my head, and made no answer. 4 W o u ld Monsieur like venison for his dinner ?’ he asked, after a short interval, in the same tongue. 1 shook my head as before, and made no reply. This seemed to convince, him that I knew nothing o f French, and in that language he and his companion com menced a conversation which I shall nev er forget, should I live to the venerable age of the oldest patriarch. Each vied with the other in the enormity ofehis re- herasals. They told of frauds, rapine and murder, which they had committed at different times upon trappers, adven turers, white settlers, and Indians.— Plunder, and an inordinate love o f the excitement o f crime, were the motives that had urged them on in their infamous career. After they had proceeded awhile in this strain, they changed the subject some what, and deliberately and diabolically planned my own destruction. They even made a division o f my effects, and settled all to their mutual satisfaction. M y emotions during this time I feel it would be useless to attempt to describe. Horror, indignation, and dread were the unwelcome visitants o f my soul. When these preliminaries had been satisfactorily settled, Vamburton went on as follows. I shall not give his exact words, but merely the substance o f them. 4 But this is not all,1 he added. 4 I have other business to attend to as soon as this is despatched, and I shall want your help. There is a Pawnee village near Council Bluffs. A white trapper married a French woman, who, in her younger days was very pretty. W e ll, to be brief about the matter, they have a daughter about seventeen years o f age, as handsome a creature as I ever saw, and I have seen many o f that sex in my time. 4 In my travels among the numerous Indian tribes, I have seen many good looking squaws and half-breeds, but none o f them would compare with the trapper’s daughter. * Her complexion is clear and beauti ful, and such eyes you never saw in a human head ; for they are full o f life and fire, and all that you could expect T h e 4 birch1 was hauled up, and the fire built as agreed upon. During the time, I busied m y self in putting my revolvers and rifle in first rate order. W h en the fire first sent out a cheerful blaze,Vamburton turned to me and said, in E n g lish: • N ick and I are going out to bring in a deer ; you are tired, and can stay here and take some rest.1 There was a diabolical lear upon bis face while he spoke, and N ick affected to comply with some reluctance. I summoned up all my resolution, and said in a calm and indifferent a tone as possible: 1 Y e s , I am tired only o f setting in the 4 birch1 I need exercise. I will go forth and hunt with you, and N ick may re main behind. Come ! I am ready. Nick keep the fire bright and blazing till we get back. Vamburton,you may lead the way.1 I shouldred my rifle with all the non chalance I could master, and stood pre pared to go. , The countenances of the two scoun drels fell. Their disappointment was but too evident to me, but there was no at tempt at remonstrance. Vamburton mov ed slowly away, and I followed leaving N ick standing by the blazing logs.1 41 think we had better separate,1 said Vamburton, after we had walked some distance in silence. 41 think it will be best,1 1 replied,— 4 Y o u are a better hunter than I, and my presence will but frighten the game.— You may go that way and I will g o th is' Again he looked disappointed. ‘ L e t’s see you start,1 he said, with an attempt to smile. I knew well why he wished to 4 see me start,1 and resolved not to turn my back upon him at all, for reasons which the reader may readily understand. 4 Y o u seem to make all the delay pos sible,’ I said, sternly. 1 W e shall never reach Council Bluffs, i f you go on at this rate. Come ! be off, and do not heed me, and l will reward you well for your alacrity.’ The ruffian smiled grimly, moved a- way and was soon out o f sight. W h a t was I now to do ? Should I return to the 4 birch,’ drag it into the water, cross the river, and then destroy it ? or should I make the best of my way towards Council Bluffs, or the nearest tribe o f Indians, without any delay ? After some hesitation I decided on the former course, and hurried towards the river as fast as I was able. I soon reach ed the spot w’here the canoe was hauled up, and drew it silently into the water. M y feelings during the period that I was within rifle distance of the shore, I to find in the eye of woman. Her hair,’ j w iU not attempt to describe, but leave continued the ruffian, though much less refined, * which she allows to fall loose, reaches to her knees, and is blacker than anything you can conceive of. ‘ W hen she sports on the prairies, it floats out like dark streamers. Her fig ure I won’t speak about, because I hav en’ t the power to describe it as it ia.— She’s neither too large nor too small, and it’s impossible to say where there should, or could be, any improvement in her person. 1 Her father’s name is Willet, and her name is Janet; the Indians call her the W e st W ind,’ because she is gentle-like and sweet in temper. I like this Janet, and I’ m resolved to make her mistress of my lodge.’ 4 But does the gal like vou ?’ said N ick, with a significant wink of the eye. 4 There’s the rub : there never was may be, as Us or unwilling.’ growled N ick, I 61 one person disliked another more than than that girl dislikes me. And it is just so with the whole family. The old man looks upon me with suspicion, and his wife shudders whenever I cross her path, or look at Janet. But that makes no difference ; it’s neither here nor there. M y mind is made up ; Janet goes into my lodge, wherever it lawful mistress, willing 4 How can that be ?’ with a scowl. 4 How can it be ? why, I shall watch chance and carry her away. Am I a child to give up in despair, or sit down and cry 1’ 1 You forget that her father is a trap per, and can follow a trail as well as any man, between here and the rocky Moun tains,’ replied Nick. 4 1 care nothing about that; a rifle ball will settle his account, and send him on a longer trail than he ever went on yet,’ 1 T h en, there’s his wife, a regular French woman ; she’ll stir up all the In dians on the prairies to huut you up.’ 4 Let her do i t ; I’ll settle her accounts also. All I want is the g i r l ; I care no thing for having a father-in-law, or a mother-in-law ; I want a wife, or what ever you please to call her, Don’t you see what I’ m driving at r’ 4 Y e s , I see plain enough and it’s my opinion a precious wife you will have. W ill she care anything about you 1 No! W ill she rear your lodge when you move from place to place? N o ! W ill she gather sticks to make the fire ? N o ! Will she cook flesh for you to eat ? N o ! But I’ll tell you what she’ll d o ; the gal will sit down and cry, till she pines her self to death. That will be the sum o f the whole affair.’ 4 W e ll then, let it be so. What care I for that ? She will please me for a tim e ; then I can leave her as I have others.1 •No need that you should leave her ; she’ ll be off fast enough, give her a chance. Such delicate birds don’t like to mate with such rough chaps as we are. But have your own way, and live the longer. There’ll be some fine sport, no doubt, and I’ m your man. I’ll lend a hand at the business, and when it comes right you shall do the fair thing by m e.1 4 Good ! we shall get on very well to gether. N o w for this mighty fine gentle man ! Let us go ashore, and dispose o f him. W e will build afire and leave him to tend it, while we go away on the pre tence of shooting a deer for dinner.— When a short distance from him we will turn about and ------- you know the rest; the first fire will fix him.’ T o all this I, o f course, was an inter ested listener. Ae it was really time to land and cook dinner, I could make no reasonable objections without exciting suspicion ; so 1 gently submitted. the subject altogether to the imagination o f the sensible reader. The perspiration rolled from my fore head in great drops, and I respired like a person who had been running violent ly, when I stepped on the opposite bank. Taking from the * birch’ what articles o I should need and could conveniently carry, I scuttled it, and saw it sink be fore I turned away ; then I struck into the woods, and walked from the vicinity like one who has life at stake. I determined to seek the Pawnee vil lage, and warn Janet o f her danger ; accordingly I pushed forward with my thoughts full of the trapper’s daughter, and thankful for my escape from the power of villains, T o tell the truth, the rudedescription which Vamburton had given, filled me with curiosity to see such a beauty in the wilderness. Whether I travelled onward,or wheth er I stopped to take a hurried repast, or snatch a moment’s rest, my mind was full o f Janet; and my sole anxiety was to reach the Pawnee village before the voyageurs , in order to baffle their infa mous purpose. The following day I fortunately fell in with a Pawnee brave, who willingly undertook to guide me to the encamp ment of his people. Arrived there, it was easy to find the lodge o f old Willet the trapper. 41 am the bearer o f government pa pers to Fort Laramie.1 I said, ‘ and have called to receive your hospitality fora day or two.’ 4 I give you a trapper’s welcome, he replied and though it be not polished, it is nevertheless true and hearty. This is my wife, and yonder you see my daughter.’ My eyes instantly turned in the di rection indicated, and rested upon a young creature of such exqusite beauty that I was dumb with surprise. Her features were indeed beautiful, and her figure divine. The hair was as redundant, as dark, and as long as Vamburton had represent ed it. H er eyes were lighted up with supernal brightness. She approached us and her motions were characterized with that perfect ease and gracefulness which nature alone can teach. 4 Thank Heaven that I have hastendd hither !’ I exclaimed, as the fair girl re turned my greetings with a timid blush. 4 And for what reason ?’ asked the trapper, with some surprise at my vehe mence. 41 will tell you,’ T replied, and I nar rated what the reader already knows. During the rehearsal the females grew pale with fear, and the face of Willet grew dark with passion. 41 know them both, and from this mo ment they are doomed men,1 he said, with an emphasis I shall long remember. 4 Those villains have merited death a thousand times, Let them come to make desolate my home, and see what will follow. Poor Janet! my heart would break to be rifled of her in such a man ner.’ W e can spare everything but Ja net !’ 4 Generous stranger !’ cried the trap per’s daughter, sinking gracefully upon her knees, 4 accept my warmest thanks for the interest you have taken in the fortunes o f a poor young girl, wholly un known to you. With these hands I would toil all the days of my life to re pay you, but I have nothing but grate ful words to give you.’ 1 A nd I need no more, fair Janet,’ I replied, deeply moved at such an expres sion of gratitude. I eoon felt m y s e lf no stranger in the trapper’s lod g e . D a y s glided on 1 but Z had no disposition to leave my new friends. The interest which I had felt for Ja net ripened into friendship, and friend ship finally ripened into love. I sat hour after hour by her side, telling her of the ways and wisdom o f the great world she had never seen. W e took long walks together and in the seclusion o f the forest forgot all but ourselves. One day during one o f our nocturnal rambles, I unwittingly left her side for a moment. A shriek loud and pierceing warned me o f my imprudence. I ran towards the spot where I had left her, and beheld a strong man bearing her in his arms. A second look was enough to assure me that Vamburton was the man with whom I now had to deal.—; Absorbed in my new passion and charm ed by the society o f its object, I had for gotten the danger that hung over us. I rasied my rifle to fire, but the fear of harming Janet made me hesitate, pause, and lower my piece. I essayed a second time with a similar result, and. was bracing up my nerves for a deliberate aim, when the sharp crack of a rifle re verberated through the woods. I heard a heavy, death-like groan ;— Vamburton dropped his precious burden, and fell. The next.moment the old trap- peremerged from the cover o f some scya- raores, with the smoke still curling from the barrel of his rifle. 4 1 told you they were doomed men,’ he muttered, with a fierce scowl. 1 He will never again make an old man child less.1 I ran and raised Janet from the ground, and as I held her in my arms, Vambur ton Aised his glazing eyefc, recognized me, and an expression o f bitter hatred passed over features already rigid with the coldness o f death. His purple lips moved,a rattling sound came from his throat, and that was the last o f the voyageur . # * ♦ # • # After I had delivered my papers safe ly at Fort Laramie, I returned to the trapper’s lodge. One evening, just as the bright sun was setting in a blaze o f glory, I drew Janet to my side, told her how much I loved her, and entreated her to give me a legal right to protect her through life. The fairest o f the forest maidens did not say nay : and thus the trapper’s daugh ter became my wife. It ie thus that an all wise Providence overrules all things, and orders all for the best. I have only just time to add, that with Janet I have been the happiest o f men ; and that the old trapper lives in the earn est hope and expectation of encounter ing 4 N ick,1 and meting out to him the measure o f his sins. when were Yet order records, by millions. Fortunately we live in a better age. The poorest man now lives more comfortable than did the proudest baron in the days o f which we speak. With material improvement goes moral progress, so that we are a better as well as a healthier people. Let us still cultivate the physical melioration o f our race, satisfied that in it lies the true advantages of humanity, let vision ary theorists say what they will.— Phil- Bulletin . Letter o f the H o n . H E N R Y C L A Y to H E N R Y GrRINNELL, E sq. T he P rogress of our R ace . — In the enjoyment of almost every physical comfort, as we Americans are, it is al most impossible to realize the day the ordinary conveniences o f life known to our British ancestors, we do not have to go back far in to find the period when baths were al most unknown, when forks were a novel ty and when chimneys were used in the houses o f the rich only. A curious book on this subject has lately appeared in London, entitled 44 The Domestic Archi tecture of England, from the Conquest to the end of the Thirteenth century,” from which we learn how little civilized our forefathers were, notwithstanding their proximity to the continent. It appears from this work that it was not till the sixteenth century that chim neys came into ordinary use. Before that period the fire was kindled against the wall, and the smoke, as in Indian wigwams, allowed to escape through the roof. Only the mansions o f the no bility and gentry had chimneys. The common people, meantime, lived in huts of wattles and mud, not at all superior in construction to the cabins o f the beav er, Few even of the better sort o f d wel lings were built o f brick— wood being the usual material employed ; and it was not until the thirteenth century that the present kind o f brick were brought into use, even tor manor-houses ; and all this, too, at a time when magnificent palaces o f marble were being erected in Italy, at but a few days journey from Great Britain. In the in-door conveniences of life our forefathers were equally deficient. It was not until the thirteenth century that a conduit of water was first established in London ; before that period the preci ous fluid was hawked about by carriers, as milk is in our own time. Earthen ware plates first made their appearance in the same century, though they did not come into a general use until long after wards. Forks were rare, even in the palaces o f kings, and to the lower orders were totally unknown; Edward the First when he died had six among his effects — no very royal supply certainly. The other dinner-service was equally meager. E x cept the huge salt-cellar placed con spicuously on the board, there was little to be seen ; a few wooden trenches in the house ot the poor, and a scanty dis play of gilded or silver dishes in the man sions of the rich, constituted the furni ture o f the table. Spoons were it would seem, plenty, though they were o f wood unless among the wealthy. The meat was served by being brought in on a spit, when each guest cut o ff as much as he liked. The rooms were almost barren of furniture. There was generally a huge stone bench in the hall of the dwel lings o f the gentry ; but the commonalty had no seats, except perhaps a settle in a chimney corner. Rushes supplied the place of carpets even in the mansions o f the great, as late as the reign of Eliza beth; while the peasantry were content with the bare mud floors, and frequently undrained at that. Baths instead of be ing an ordinary convenience, were a lux ury confined to the few, and were un known, even to English monarchs, till the reign o f Edward the First. It is instructive to recur to facts like these, for they exhibit, in a forcible man ner, the improvements in material civi lization. Our ancestors, five centuries ago, were, in all the ordinary comforts of life, but little advanced beyond the Indians, as first discovered in this coun ty. Their habits o f life coarse, and their fields and bouses undrained, no wonder they fell victims to pestilence, as history' A shland , 28th May, 1851. M y D ear S ir : — 1 have enjoyed the high satisfaction o f meeting with Father M a t i i e w , and entertaining him at my house. On his leturn to the city of N. York from the prosecution o f his noble works o f humanity and benevolence in the valley of the Mississippi, he did me the honor to call and see me. During his sojourn in the U. States, he has been again stricken with paralysis, which, al though it has not affected the expression of his bland and benign countenance, nor materially impaired his articulation, disqualifies him for making those great exertions to which he was accustomed in early life, and in robust health. N ev ertheless, his labors, with but little relax ation and repose, have been unremitting, and been attended with the most en couraging success. Upon descending the Mississippi, he administered in one o f the towns situated on its banks, the pledge to seven hundred persons. He ascended it, after an interval o f some months, and stopping at the same town, he had the gratification to find that a- mong the converts there were but three instances o f relapse. I have had an opportunity o f obtain ing accurate information from an au thentic source (not from himself—his extreme delicacy would restrain him from making such a communication) as to the condition o f the pecuniary affairs o f this good man. It has deeply inter ested me, and excited my warmest sym pathies. During his long and briliant career in Ireland among the millions of persons— the victims of intemperance, or in danger o f becoming addicted to it — to whom he gave the pledge, he often met in the poorer classes persons in great indigence and want. T o some o f these he supplied, from his own purse, money to afford them immediate relief, which, tho1 small in particular cases, in the aggregate, amounted to a considera ble sum. T o aid him in these laudable charities, he was under the necessity of borrowing largely from his friends,which he did with a full conviction that he would be able to reimburse them from resources which he had entire confidence in counting upon receiving from a rich maiden aunt, who had promised to make ample provision for him. Her will to that effect was actually prepared, is now in existence ; a short day was assigned for its execution; and before it arrived she died suddenly with the gout, and was found dead in her bed. The consequence is, that this great benefactor of mankind, this true friend of the poor, is left in a state o f great pe cuniary embarrassment; threatened by creditors on hia return to Ireland, and exposed—himself in old age, and under the influence o f disease and infirmity— to that pinching want, which, in better days, and in more prosperous times, he so generously relieved in others. The British Government granted him a pension of three hundred pounds ster ling. But he has not received one cent o f it, having scrupulously dedicated the whole of it to the payment of his debts. To enable him to defray unavoidable ex penses during his present tour in the U. States,|he was supplied with the requisite means by the liberality o f a public-spir ited gentleman in Liverpool. This most excellent and extraordinary man is about to depart from among us, after having, it is to be hoped, with the aid o f Providence, redeemed near half a million of inhabitants of these States from one of the most debasing of all pernicious habits. Shall he return with out any substantial manifestion of the public gratitude towards him ? Shall even no effort be made to put him at ease, and to smooth and soften the pil low of his declining years? I think I am not deceived as to the generous hearts of my countrymen, nor as to the warm Irish hearts orh is, in believing that, if his actual condition were generally known, thousands would readily and with the greatest alacrity rush to his re lief His lame and a just appreciation of his signal merits are secure, and will be transmitted to the admiration of the re motest posterity. H e will be regarded as one o f the wonders o f this remarka ble age. But what will that posterity think o f the present generation, if he be permitted to pine and languish in pov erty and want and suffering during the remnant o f a life which has been worn out by an exclusive devotion to its serv ice ? And such a glorious service!— What reproaches will not be made for culpable insensibilty to the value of the greatest moral reform ever achieved by one man ! Shall not w e , in the United States, endeavor not to merit any part o f them ? Knowing well your public spirit and your generous impulses, my object in ad dressing you is to ascertain if something cannot be done for F a t h e r M a t h e w worthy o f him and worthy of us before he leaves our shore*. On all occasions o f munificence, we naturally turn our at tention to our great cities, and to years as the first o f them. W e ought to do something— we can do something— in the interior. I am ready, from my lim ited means, to contribute my mite. But it is in the large cities, where concert and co-operation are so easy to be bro’ t about, that most can be effected. It has occurred to me that a few liber al and enlightened gentlemen in your city, favorable to the object, might have an informal meeting to consult together; that they might organize a committee of subscription and collection, correspffbd with other places, and thus accomplish the desired end. The pleasure o f mak ing the requisite contribution, should be diffused a m o n g os many as may be con venient and practicable, without allow ing that pleasure to be monopolized by i only a few. Will you, my dear sir, turn these sug gestions over in your fertile mind, and if you approve their object, give to it your powerful aid ? I am, faithfully, your friend and obedient servant, H . CLAY\. H en ry G r i x n e l l , Esq. ■ -- •JfjfCh'fld - t.OU 3,00 six “ - - '5;'dtf ' one year • - 8,00 Halfcolumn one year, • ; 25,00 One ** u “ _ • . • 40,00 BusinessCardsinsefted one yearfor 5,00 No advertisement will be charged less thafi one square and all advertisements will be con tinued until otherwise ordered N. B. All advertisements mpst be brought in by . Tuesday morning in order to secure art insertion the same week. Corrcepondence o f The N. Y. Tribune U T A H . State Tax {ot the Support a t S c h o o ls. The following is the Apportionment by the State Superintendent o f the sum o f $800,000, directed to he raised on the Real and Personal Property o f the State by the “ Act for the Establishment, o f Free Schools throughout the State,1’ passed in April last Corrected Valuation G rbat S alt L ake C ity , Tuesday, Aug 5, 1831 The organization of this Territory is now progressing. The Governor has issued his proclamation calling an elec-( tion for Members o f the Territorial Let?- : n i islature. The nominations have all been j made. There are seven Counties and! one Precinct laid out in the Territory! consisting of Great Salt Lake^ Davis, Weber, Tooele, Uiah, San-Pete, iron,: and .Bridge Precinct. There are numerous buildings in course o f completion here; to-day about five hundred men are digging for the founda tion o f a new and splendid Tabernacle, hauling rock, &c. The Council-House is receiving a coat o f Plaster P a r is;—• shortly, the Temple will be commenced, and the intention is to build a most magnificent and costly building, one that in style o f architecture will much sur pass the proud Nauvoo Temple, and he a wonder to after ages. It is in con templation to build a Railroad to Iron Mountain, Iron County, about 250 miles from here, where there is an abundance o f Iron ore, samples o f which I have , Coal (bituminous) also abounds within 60 miles o f this City. A Rail road will be built to bring that necessary article of fuel to the door o f the citizens. Chalk, Plaster Paris, Quicksilver, & c. is plenty near here. Mountains o f Salt are within twenty-five miles. A Rail road will soon be constructed to the Can ons for the purpose o f furnishing wood for the consumption o f the citizens o f this City. Settlements are about to be made in Yoab and Paroan Vallies. The emi gration to this Valley will be large.— The Crops are exceedingly g o o d ; the yield of Wheat to the acre is unparalleled — as high as one hundred bushels hove been raised to the a c r e ; about seventy is the average. Corn grows well but is not as profitable to raise. The vegeta bles remain in the ground all winter with out injury. What few fruit-trees there are here are doing well. The timber is com- o __ posed of Balsam, Fir, Pine, Quaking Asp, Cotton W ood, Maple; and Rose Elder Lumber is fifty dollars per thousand, W ood $10 per cord.— Flour, 15 cents per lb .: Sugar and Coffee, 40 cents, wholesale or retail ;— Goods o f all kinds plenty, but money j very scarce. Many miners are expected in from California this fall. Col, Ben. Holliday leaves here in a few days for that State with 800 head of beef cattle and 100 mules. This is the best grazing country I have ever seen ; the valleys abound in good grass and clover. The people are very industrious, quiet citi zens; there is not a coffee-house or grog- gery in the Valley. No liquors are al lowed to be sold in it. The mails came in on the 1st from California and Oregon; the first is a monthly mail, tho last, once in two months. The Indians are much complained o f in this region. They rob travelers and frequently murder them.— Tw o ot the agents, Messrs. H. R . Day and Stephen B. Rose are out with inter preters among them, and intend holding a “ talk” with them. A company of Uncle Sam’s men is much needed here (mounted men) to keep these Indians in check. Liberal presents should be made them. The Root Diggers are said to lie the most vicious. These Indians live upon crickets, bugs, frogs, fish, &c. The City is laid out with very wide streets ; cold streams of water run thro’ each street, and on each side of it, as well as through every person’s lot. The lots are laid out in one and a quarter acres each. The houses are built (if adodes or sun-burnt brick— make good dwellings. There are some buildings here that wil/ compare with your Eas tern ones. The Mormon people are without doubt the most energetic, go- ahead community now extant, Doctor John M. Bernhard is nominated and will be elected the delegate to Con gress. He is a staunch, high-minded, talented gentleman. A. W . Babbitt, Esq , is here, the former delegate.— He will leave fur Washington in a short time. Yours, respectfully, S an - P e t e , COUNTIES. p/lr-30. A mount of Tax. Albany, $17,553,463 $19,289 35 Allegany, 4,362,183 4,793 59 Broome, 2,114,594 2,323 74 Cattaraugus, 4.105,462 4,511 48 Cayuga, 11.162,522 12,266 39 Chatauque, 6.096,803 6,699 74 Chemung, 3,887,234 4,271 65' Chenango, 4,939,212 5,427 65 Clinton, 2,289.868 2,516 32 Columbia, 8.938,632 9,822 56 Cortland, 2,289.380 2,515 78 Delaware, 3.769,528 4,142 29 Dutchess, 19,871,033 21.835 89 Erie, 17,319.987 19,03-2 76 Essex, 1,646,831 1.809 69 . Franklin, 1,765.628 1.940 23 Fulton, 1,239,180 1.361 74 Genesee, 6,461,305 7,100,28 Greene, 2,937.346 3.227 81 Hamilton, 334,207 367 28 Herkimer, 7,708,664 8,470 98 Jefferson, 7,951,660 8.738 00 Kings, 44.980,866 49,429 00 Lewis, 2,361.000 . 2,594 49: Livingston, 11,226,654 12,336 88. Madison, 6,967,052 7,656 00 Monvoei 15,566,910 17,106 34 Montgomery, 3.599,813 3.955 80 NewYdi-k, 286,061,816 314,350 62 Niagara, 5,491,385 6,144 34 Oneida, 13,147,231 14,447 39 Onondaga,* 17.992,006 19,771 22 Ontario, 14,437,897 15,865 68 Orange, 12,418,962 13,647 09; Orleans, 5,203 069 5,717 62 Oswego, 8,038,788 8,733 7 5 Otsego, 5,435,953 5,973 53 Putnam, 3.289,188 3,614 47, Queens, 12,484,750 .13,719 40 Rensselaer, 14.177.593 16,579 63 Richmond, 6,759,459 7,427 91 Rockland, 2,628,101 2.888 00' St. Lawrence , 5,077.177 5.579 27 Saratoga, 7,440,101 . . 8,175 88, Schenectady, 3,112,408 . 3,420 22 Schoharie, 1,826,141 2,006 74 Seneca, 6,633,281 7,289 27 Stnehen, 8.050.689 . * 8,846 83 Suffolk, 6,227,934 6,843 82; Sullivan, 1,548,668 1,701 82. #,«• J toga, 1,985,496 2,181 82 Tompkins, 5.613,634 6.168 78' Ulster, 5,305,727 6.379 87 Warren, 1,08 V003 1,187 92, Washington, 6,495,194 7,137 53 Wayne, 7,430,575 8,165 39 Westchester, 19,295,028 21,202 95 Wyoming, 4.497,931 4,942 75 Yates, 4,772,784 5,244 78 . $723,006,985 $800,000 00 Certificates of this Apportionment have been forwarded by the Superin tendent to the several County Clerks, whose duty it is to lay such Certificates before the Board of Supervisors of thoir,. respective Counties on the first day of their annual session. 1 M OUNT BLANC. • • • • • A party of adventurous Englishmen have succeeded in ascending to the top of Mt. Blanc. Albert Smith, the writer and lecturer, was among them. No ac cident occurred,but several got back with their faces entirely raw from the cold, and their eyes so blood-shot that they were forced to lie in bed, with them bandaged, for some days after. Mr. Smith intends lecturing in London, on the adventure. He has already amassed a pretty fortune by lecturing on his travels in various parts of the globe.— ' Some years ago, an English lord engag ed him as secretary during a year’s ab sence in the East/ The two quarrelled at Trieste and Smith was paid off.— Finding himself with plenty of money in his pockets and not caring to return to London, after having taken leave,of his friends for a year, he deckled to pursue his trip alone After a variety o f adven tures among the tawny inhabitants of the Orient, he returned V? London and com menced lecturing. Instead of being ( n n sentimental, poetical and learned, he gave numerous accounts of the incon veniences of travelling in those old coun tries, where steamboats, railroads and diligences are unknown; told of the colds he had caught by day, and of the fleas he had not caught by night; described the manners of the people, told what they ate, how they slept, See. This new mode of recounting travels met with success, and Mr. Smith Jias bought a fine house, and in hi* quality of man of wit, has '.rcess to the best soiely of Lon don.— N. Y. Com. Advertiser. W o r t h K n o w i n g .— A young lady o f this city, while in the country some years ngo, stepped on a rusty nail, which ran through her shoe and foot. The in- flamation and pain were of course very great, and lockjaw was apprehended,— A friend of the family, however, recom mended the application o f a beet taken fresh from the garden, and pounded fine, to the wound. It was done, and the ef fect was very beneficial. Soon the in- flamation began to subside, and by keep ing on the crushed beet, changing it for a fresh one as its virtue seemed to ha- come impaired, a speedy cure was affect ed. Simple but effectual remedies like this should be known by every body.— Phil . Sat. Eve. Post. Perpetual Bearing Raspberry Bosh. » Early last spring, says the Providence Post, Mr. Perry B. Philips, of Cranston, saw in the woods a thrifty raspberry bush, which he transplanted to his own garden. The borii put forth blossoms in good time and yielded a handsome crop of Raspberries. Im mediately it blossomed again, and two days ago we ate\ some of the fruit. Thn berries were large and delicious. What adds to the wonder is, that the btfvhf has blossomed a- garn, and a third.cfop is nearly half grown. A D angerous R at C a t c h e r . — The Sussex. N. J., Herald states that a man in the employ of Mr. VVm. Morris, in Newton township, killed a rattlesnake having eight rattles, in the loft of his barn, a few days ago. He was in the act o f lifting some sheaves of grain, when he discovered the dangerous reptile. He immediately sounded his rattle atid placed himself in a position for deadly contest. On opening the body, it was f«>und to contain a full grown rat, which had ap parently just been caught, and swallowed whole. Q^. e The phrase “ some pumpkins,” is now rendered, “ a considerable number of the sperica! vegetable used in the manufacture of Yankee pres.17 Good company and good conversation are the very sinews o f virtue. O bservatory . —An Astronomical Ob servatory is to be erected in this city, on the high table land north of Van VYoert street, near Broadway. It is to be connected with the Albany Universi ty, and to be under Ihe charge of Prof. Mitchell, the celebrated Astronomer.— The institution is enabled to erect tbe structure through the munificent liberali ty o f Mrs.'Clias. E Hudley, who gives $10,000 to the object— and of Stephen Van Rensselaer, Esq., who gives tbe: land — Alb. Journal e They have appointed a gentleman in the city of Glasgow, Scotland, to a new and rather singular office, viz., 41 Smoke Inspector.” It is not the same kind of office as that in our, sister city, Boston, to stop the pipe and cigar smokers in the streets hot to prevent chimneys from sm o k ing under a penalty ; the world is- improving. ___ - r Indications from afF parts of the country go to show that tbe hunker portion o f the loco fn:o party are m favor o f Gen. Caes for the next Presidency, and are doing all in their power to aid his nomi nation. / . Mr. Morgan John O’Connell is about! to get himself calld to the English b a r . ‘ shortens life
