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GENEVA COURIER, PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY MORNING Na. 89 Seneca Street, Up-Stalre, BY CLEVELAND & LOOK. T f i KI*t S t To village subscribers who receive the pa- ers by the carrier,$ 2 ,00. To mail subscribers, ad those who receive their papers at the ffice, $1,50. Fifty cents will be added 1 cases where payment is not made wit iree months. No papers will be discontin ntil arrearages are paid. in . L T b r e i s o f a d v e r t i s i n g . One square one week, 11 u thrtfe ‘V . - 4‘ *• three hidnths - U ,i i t SIX •• one year I lulfcolUtMh ohb 18 ai‘, One *' 14 44 $b,5» t,od 3.00 5.00 8.00 55 00 CLEVELAND & LOOK, Proprietors. T E H @ W < & 3 H e S © S * ® @ o ® A . * » & C. CLEVELAND, Editor. D O C TO R R H O A D E S ’, OFFICE AND RESIDENCE ON SENECA STREET, Nearly opposite the M ansion H ouse . 68 \ DR. H. W. BELL OFFICE AND RESIDENCE O n M a i n St., O n e D o o r N o r th o f k i s O l d R e s i d e n c e , ▲HD OPPOSITE THE REFORMED DUTCH CHURCH 63 HALL, RUCKEL & CO., W H O L E S A L E D R U G G ISTS, AND DEALERS IN P a i n t s , O i l s , W h i t e L e a d . D y e Stipifs, F a n c y A r t i c l e s , & c ., No. 220 GREENWICH St., one Door below Barclay st., New York, Invite the patronage of Country Dealers in general. N. B. Manufacturers of the best Friction Matches in the world. 6m69 VOL. X X I-N O . 35. GENEVA, N. Y., WEDNESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 6, 1851 WHOLE NO. 1075 - . . • 40,00 Business Cards inserted one year for ^ qq tio advertisement will be charged, less thoii rtne square, and all advertisements will be con tinued until otherwise ordered . N. B,._ All advertisements must be brought in Ky Tuesday morning in order to secure art insertion the same weel From the Knickerbocker. C o u r t s h i p a n d M a r r i a g e . FROM TUB SWEDISH OF TEOHER. H . & J . BO PK X ES IMPORTERS AND DEALERS OF BAR AND BUNDLE IRON, Cast, Blister, and Spring Steel; Amer ican, English, and German Hard ware; Nails, Anvils, Vices, &c., &c., 9 3 B a r c l a y S t, N e w Y o r k . 6m69 W in. F. LB AM AN, Plain and Ornamental Painter, G r a i n i n g & I n t e r n a l D e c o r a t i o n s , for Public and Private Houses, done in the best style of the art. 6m09 S e n e c a st., G e n e v a , N. Y . THOMAS & HALEY, Importers, &. Wholesale Dealers in ■M <& '1§>1?2© GREEN AND DRIED W a s h i n g t o n S t r e e t , DAN’ l THOMAS, ) JEREMIAH HALEY, S 09 B ishop T eokbr I s one of ihe most popular of alt the modern poets of Sweden. Translations from his writings by our accomplished schnlar-bard, L okopbllow , have made bis name widely known In America. —E d . K niceirdocker . . In the days of his courtship through Eden, 1 ween, Walked A dam , with E ve by hie side; A beautiful couple, they pressed the soft green, As each park of the garden they tried. They klsied and caressed, os all fond lovers must, Gating each on the other’s fair brow. They swore by the eta rs, by the moon pledged their trust, E’en as those who are courting do now. The nightingale sung In the tall palm-tree’s top, While sighed the soft wind ere ’l would pass; And the red roses ran on the green bill-side up, Where.tbc turtle-doves cooed lo the gross. No neighbors had they, and the day dragged so slow That they gazed, when night came, with a sigh, On the rich niellow fruit that hung tempting them so, Till they plucked--so had you done, or 1. “ *Tis a scandal, a shame i’Lthe consistory bawled: “ Shall he take fallen EVS for his own 1'1 So to better the matter, was suddenly called An angel,.with mitre and gown. Oh! then came the bans, and a wedding off-hand*— Smoothly done up was all In a trice: It was o’er—but the angel with bright flaming brand Drove them out of theli loved Paradise! O’er the deserts of wedlock, with hearts growing cold, Tolled they on In the midst of life's bother; One kies sent they back to their Eden of old, But they never again kissed each other. Affianced young maiden ! accepted young sWaln l To the bride-couch press on, If ye will; But your Eden of courtsnlp ne'er turn to again, For the angel stands guarding It still. NEW YORK. D IETZ, B R O T H E R A CO. 134 WILLIAM STREET, N e w Y o r k . MANUFACTURERS OK EVERY VARIETY OF L a m p s , C h a n d e l i e r s , G i r a n d o l e s , C a n d e l a b r a > G A S FIXTURES, &C. April, 1851. 5SmG SILSBE, BULKLEY & BENNETT, Manufacturers of, and Wholesale and Retail Dealers in CABINET WARE AND FURNITURE. W a r e R o o m s —41 S e n e c a s t., GENEVA, N. Y. 50 m s s i i k L ein m . crane , INSTRUCTRESS ON THE PIANO FORTE, G e n e v a st„ G e n e r a , IV, Y. 104 lyI C. S. A C K L E Y , SEN E C A STR E E T . GENEVA, N. Y- UKS7 S U P E R I O R C H A IN P U M P , MANUFACTURED AND SOLD, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. BY B. M A B I H , O p p o s i t e t l i e T e m p e r a n c e H o u s e ) C A S T L E ST., G E N E V A , N . Y . 44y D . T. CLEVELAND, F i r e , M a r i n e , L i f e , a n d H e a l t h INSURANCE AGEN T . ( office at the courier office , south side SENECA STREET, NO. 39, UP STAIRS.) For the Geneva Cornier. Letter from California. M arysville , Y uba C o ., C al ., April 30, 1851. ' Ei>. C our :— P erhaps California has already arrived at the zenith of her glo ry. It is true, her fountains of gold will be sought for many years to come, but by very few compared with the infatua ted thousands who have deluged the country for the past two years. Much of the present rush to this country, is perpetuated by the mercenary misrepre sentations of merchants, steamboat com panies, and speculators in land and mi ning claims. The representations of these declamatory money-grabbers, are eagerly sought for and believed ; while the assertions of the more honest and unassuming poor, pass entirely unnotic ed. But the thousands that leave this country disappointed, and with scarce money enough to defray their expenses home, will at length prove to the people who have been anxious to come here, that industry and prudence are as like ly to prove efficient in obtaining wealth in the old States as in this. The few women who have found their way here from almost every part of the world, I should perhaps speak of in a whisper, or pass by in perfect silence. DR. J. S. STEVENS, , . . 4. . , ... Office with Dr. E. Barnes, Eastside Park Place, | Any association whatever with them, inspires the utmost disgust for lim ale minds and character. Almost every fe male is looked upon with suspicion or abhorrence, by all men ot intelligence and real worth. —They are usually dressed in the most gaudy and fantastic No she-savage can boast of Main Street. Residence, Main Street, 2nd door above the Post Office. ____________ _ d T o T c r a n e , M. D-, Surgeon Dentist,—Office No. 28, Seneca street. 7 DR.WM.K1MBER, Physician and Surgeon—Office, five doors north of the Bank 48 n i * n GE° m P v RI0W^Y| s I larger gold ear-rings and finger-rings Dealer in Drugs, Medicines,etc., Ne. 10,Sen- o e ° ° _r ° than these modern devotees of Venus. apparel. eca street A. D. PLATT (They succeed in taking captive the bet- Wholesale and retail dealer in Drugs, Groce-1 ter judgment of many young men, who soon have ample reason to curse the ex- — -’ q *. — i ties, Paints and Dyes, No. 8 Seneca street. H. PARMELEE, Dealer in Drugs, Medicines, Paints, Oils, Dye Stuffs and Groceries, No. 24, Seneca st. C. WHEAT, Dealer in Fancy St, Staple Dry Goods, No. 36 _________ Seneca street, Geneva. ________ COBB &, SMITH, Dealers in Fancy and Staple Dry Goods, Carpet- ing, etc.—store at No 23, Seneca street. H. H. & G. C. SEELYE, Fashionable Dry Goods, No 30, Seneca street. 7 VROMAN BECKER, * Dealer in Dry Goods, Groceries, Crockery, Glass and Wooden Ware, Cutlery, Nails, etc.—Water, a little south of Tillman street. P. A. BRITTON &, CO., Dealer in Staple and Fancy Goods, Groceries. etc., at No 16, Seneca street. ~ DERBY, ORTON & CO., Booksellers, Stationers, Bookbinders, etc., N 22 Seneca street. ______ WILLIAM H. SMITH? ~ Bookseller, Stationer, Blank Book Manufacturer and Binder, No. 31 Seneca street. _______ 4 WIGHT fc CLARK, Fashionable Hat Store, No 11, Seneca street. J. R. JOHNSTON, Manufacturer of Steam Engines, Boilers, Mil i istence of such angels of darkness. I have been informed, however, that sev eral ladies of real worth, (wives of gen tlemen residing here,) have recently come to this country to join their hus bands. Such events do more for the morals of California, than all the reli gious teaching and law-making of an army of divines and legislators. Balls, or what the Spaniards call fandangoes,” are of frequent occur rence ; but I regret that I can say noth ing in their favor. The manners and usages of the peo ple here, are as various as the countries from whence they came. As a general rule, however, people treat each other with as much courtesy as in any other part of the world. It is a mistaken idea that some entertain, to wit—that absence of female society has a tendency to in duce men to become quite devoid of courtesy and gentlemany deportment: halls. Beautiful marble or mahogany tables' are placed in order in all conveni ent portions of the saloon, and large piles of gold and silver are distributed around in the most tempting array im aginable. Male and female singers are often employed to add their skill to the fascinations of instrumental music,where by those gambling-halls become the most alluring places in the country,—and have charmed many a poor fellow into the vor tex of irretrievable ruin. Drinking of ardent spirits is sufficiently prevalent to astonish a sober New Yorker* A man is hardly thought worthy of associating with the van-leaders of society, unless he can drink half a dozen “ milk-punch es ” or 11 brandy-straights 11 before tak ing his meals. It costs many of the fashionables at least five dollars per day for occasional drinking. —Groggeries are very numerous ; and many o f them in every city and village require three or four waiters to supply the constant and numerous calls for grog in all its adulterated forms; and the only reason why it does not destroy its votaries fast er, is the great reduction the poisonous filth undergoes in its consignment to numerous purchasers—for it is sure to be reduced every time it is sold. Every kind of vice is fashionable in this country, and is indulged in by men who would not be known as guilty of such baseness, in the States, for a for tune. Many people make their resi dence tn this State an excuse for the ♦ practice of vices that would be sure to obliterate their good characters if known In the Eastern States. Indeed, many vi ces prevail in this country that would not be tolerated in the States. Many miners are leaving the moun tains, and resorting to farming in the low-lands and the borders of the rivers ; but their places in the mines are filled up by the infatuated thousands rushing thither from all parts of the world. It is said, that, though thousands make an average of $5 per day, the great major ity scarcely make their board. This state of things must change. Mining cannot be successfully prosecuted by individual enterprize, because it requires more capital and far-seeing scrutiny of the course of coming events and cir cumstances pertaining to the business, than is common to the mass of opera tives. Stock companies and machinery will ere long supplant present individual effort; indeed, stock companies would have been formed long before this, if the State had not passed a law making the property of individuals liable for the debts of such companies as they may be associated with in business. This law, like many others of this State, is a great impediment to enterprize ; for few men will be found risking their funds in any enterprize where they have not the direct control of it, if, by the indiscreet management of the officers of a compa ny, their individual property will be jeopardized. Yours, etc., E. A. T ompkins , Anecdote of Fletcher. Gearings, etc., at the Seneca Lake Foundry jndeed( the fema|e aociety of this coim_ Water street, Geneve. try tends more to brutalize and debase society, than to refine it. It is not un common to see females riding astride of B B B A R H . H U R D , A t t o r n e y a n d C o u n s e l l o r a t L a w Commissioner o f Loam , Tax Agent, and Agent for T h e M e r c liau t ’e F i r e Insurance Cornua- V o f B u f f a l o . C a p i t a l , $ 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 . , . T h e F a r m e r ’s In s u r a n c e Com p a n y o f SUch scenes have becom e less Common, Washington Co. | for ^ | ag(. month8. 1 am heartily A young minister of the Wesleyan church in England, reciving his first ap pointment to the circut, which included the town of Medley, at that time favored by the ministerial labors of Rev. John Fletcher, he was directed, • on reaching Madley, to inquire for Mr, Flether’s residence. On riding up to the house he called or knocked, when an elderly servant, as he supposed, in ordinary clothing, met the summons. “ Is this Mr. Fletcher’s residence ?” “ It is, sir.” “ My name is ------ , the junior preach er for the circuit.’* “ Yes sir, the family have been expect ing you. Dismount and walk in.** “ No, my man; I make it an invariable rule to see my horse attended to first; take him to the stable, get your curry comb and brush, and curry him down.” The. old man, in compliance with his direction performed all the various duties of a hostler. “ Now give him his provender, and I'll go into the house.” “ Walk in s i r ; take a seat. Looking around, and seeing no one but the old hostler, he inquired “ Where is Mr. Fletcher.*’ “ I am Mr. Fletcher.’* His surprise and mortification can bet ter be imagined than described; but the excellent Mr. Fletcher told him not to distress himself, but let it be a lesson for horses and mules, utterly regardless o f , . , , , _ „„ tci . * t • . .. . the future not to infer, because a man common decency. But I rejo.ee that ^ musty dothi at home) he must be an hostler. T h e M u t u a l L i f e In s u r a n c e Com p any » f New Y o r k , familiarly known as “The Morris Robinson 3e.” This Company has a net accumulated ?und of o v e r $ 1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 . Drugstore. Geneva!*^ T?.’\” 1036' d®^u8ed the count'ry in tim es past. rejoiced, also, to see the decline of gam-, T hk B lue R o se_ _ Xhe following ex- bling, horse-racing, and beastly drunk- tract from a late p arjs letter, will be enness and debauchery, that so perfect- [read with great interest by florists and amateur gardeners: It is common to see females engaged A. Da HOPPING & CO., io dealing “ monte,” and other manufacturers of IB IB <D <2> sa @ 9 A. N D WHOLESALE DEALERS IN P a i n t e d P a l l s , W o o d a n d W i l l o w W a r e ) B rushes) B A S K E T S ) C O R D A G E , &c. 214 WASHINGTON ST.* Between Barclay and Vesey Sts. New Y o r k . 64m6 Washington Temperance House. GENEVA, N. Y. O. ED M O N S T O N , Would say to the former natrons of this games, dollars are every city in the State. tl The horticulturists, botanists, and floral amateurs generally, are just now numerous l;n a high state of excitement. The at which thousands of great rose-garden at Luxembourg,where daily hazarded inalmost all the known varieties of that beautiful The Legisla- flower are collected, is about to have an , . ___ _ „ increase in its family. The triumph of turn n«» modern horticulture is about to see the mount of gambling that used to prove dayf or> at ,east| gQ hope and pray all so ruinous to thousands of hard-labor- those interested. This triumph, noth- ers. Monte-dealers now pay a license ing more nor lees than the Blue R o se! varying from $1,000 to $15,000 per The plant upon which the florists have month, and lotter.es are proh.b.ted alto-1 d budded. ar d up0^ the just opel)ing gether. The gambling-saloons are the pela}s 0f the bud, a clear though dark most magnificent buildings, by farblue is plainly to be seen. A day or vfviiiiA My iv me iormer pairona Of this 1 mi 0 . ................... 0 ¥ # I .X • J <• * i. m L: mi y popular House, while under the Direction o fl^bey are usually lighted up ttt evening tWO Will Solve all doubt. IhlS Will be WM. L» P earck , that no pains will be , p»red 1 by roost gorgeous chandaliere $ the walla the fourth positive color obtained by ar- od his P*rt» 11 3®reea 6 ° em* an 1 a r e orn a m e n ted w ith sp len d id p a in t in g s ; lcrossing. T h e y e l l o w o r te a the trayelhng u ic. Trains, and and a capacious music-gallery generally -I*1® purpl,® ro8e’ an.<? th® Boat, to carry Passengers and Baggage to occupies a part of one side or end of the | Qf skillful gardening.” “torn the House, F ree of charge. Our School Syste: T o th e E d i t o r * o f t h e G iu t le? a n d E n q u i r e r : I was quite certain that your error was unintentional, and, as you say, came from your not being posted up on the Subject of the schools. If those who really feel an interest in our public insti- tations.and who influence public opinion, would be a little more careful to keep posted up, the citizens at large would better know foi what they are taxed and feel more proud of what they thus pay for. You ask me to state :— 1st. What I mean by saying that the Catholics did not, through the exercise of political power at the polls or other* wise, obtain their portion of the School Fund ? 2d. What grew out of the fierce con test, which excited such general, atten tion, some years ago, when Governor Seward took part with the Catholics,and for so doing has never been forgiven ? 3d. Whether the doctrines of the Bi ble are taught in any of our Common Schools ? 4th. In how many, if any, of them, it is prohibited from being read, and from how many it is excluded altogether— the precise extent to which it is permit ted to be used in any of our Common or W ard Schools? 5th. Precisely wherein the position of the Catholic, in regard to the Public School moneys, differs from that of the Protestant ? In replying to your queries, you will excuse me for asking your attention to the leading article in your paper of 7th December last, which was an attempt to lay before your readers an historical out line of thee progress of Free Schools in this city. It will doubtless recall to your mind many facts which had escaped your memory. It was intended to be follow ed by another article embracing more details of the working of the system ; but that purpose was never fulfilled, and this communication must be accepted instead. The famous Carroll Hall meeting and its results I take to be the exercise of “ political power at the polls,” to which you allude. Before that time, this city had been entirely excepted from the common school system, which had been in force in the other parts of the State for thirty years. There were no com mon schools here, properly so called.— The Public School Society—a charita ble association — had, substantially, a monopoly of public common school edu cation, and of that portion of the school funds belonging to the city. Now the Catholics alleged that those schools were, practically, injurious to their religion, so much so that their children could not at tend them, arid that they were thus de prived of th e ir equal benefit from the school fund. This that Society and the Protestants denied. The Catholics de manded equality. The Protestants ad- milted that they were entitled to it, but insisted also that they had it. The con test was indeed a fierce one, at the elec tion, and afterwards, and the question could not be overlooked. When the Legislature met, Gov. Seward brought the subject before that body, in his an nual message, recommending the intro duction of the system which is now so high in popular favor. Now that the smoke of that contest has blown away, we can afford to be just, and I must ask you to allow me the room to insert some extracts from the Governors message. After stating that the practical working of the old system was to leave 20,000 children unprovided with instruction, he says :— w Happily in this, as in other instances, the evil is discovered to have had its origin no deeper than in a departure from the equality of general laws. In our general system of common schools, trustees chosen by tax-paying citizens, levy taxes, build school houses, pay teachers and govern schools, which are subject to visitation by similarly elected inspectors, who certify the qualifications of teachers,and all schools thus constitut ed participate in just proportion in the public moneys, which are conveyed to them by commissioners also elected by the people. * * * # * # # * “ I submit, therefore, with entire willingness, to approve whatever adequate remedy you may propose—the expediency of vesting to the people of the city of New York, what I am sure the people of no other part of the State would, upon any consideration, relinquish —the education of their children. For this purpose, it is only necessary to vest the control of the Common Schools in a Board to be composed of Commissioners, elected by the people, which Board shall apportion the School moneys among all the Schools, including those now exist ing, which shall be organized and con ducted in conformity to its general regu lations and the laws of the State, in pro portion to the number of pupils in structed. It is not left doubtful, that the restoration to the common schools of the city of this simple and equal feature of the common schools of the State, would remove every complaint. * .* * “ This proposition has sometimes been treated as a devise to appropriate the School Fund to the endowment of semi naries for teaching languages, and faiths, thus to perpetuate the prejudices it seeks to remove—sometimes as a scheme, for dividing that precious fund among an hundred jarring sects, and thus increas ing the religious animosities it strives to heal—sometimes as a plan to subvert the prevailing religion and introduce one repugnant to the consciences of our fel low-citizens, while, in truth, it simply proposes, by enlightening equally the minds of all, to enable them to detect error wherever it may exist, and to re duce uncongenial masses into an intelli gent, virtuous, harmonious and happy people.1’ The evil, its cause, the remedy and its effects, were thus set forth by the Governor, and his recommendation was implicitly followed by the Legislature in the act now passed, entitled te An act to extend to the City and County of New York the provisions of the general act in relation to Common Schools,” which for the first time created Trustees, Inspec tors and Com m issioners of Common Schools, and th e Board o f E d u c a tion, as th e y have ever since existed—all elected in their respective wards, that local s y m -|“ Thou God See’st Me, patbies might be respected. And it | Commandments at length contained tho following provisions—“ No school hereinbefore mentioned, or which shall be organized under this law, in which any religious sectarian doctrine or tenet shall be taught, inculcated, or practiced, or which shall refuse to per mit the visits and examinations provided for by this law, shall be entitled to re ceive any portion of the school moneys to be distributed by this law” (viz— visits and examinations to see if this pro vision be violated.) A provision that all children residing in the city may attend any of the schools, so that parents may select their schools; and a provision that all the schools shall be entirely free—supported, and books and stationery provided at the public expense. The law has been amended several times, and some of its phraseology and details have been altered, but its charac- i t ^ teristic provisions to secure perfect equality, have never been changed ex cept to make them more stringent.— Evening free schools for apprentices and others,who cannot attend the day schools, and the F ree Academy, have since been added to the system. No sect, or creed, or race, or birth, have any peculiar privilege or disability. They are un known to the law. The schools of the six Orphan Asylums, two of which are supported and managed by Catholics, and other charity free schools, are al lowed to participate in the School Fund in proportion to their scholars, on the same conditions as the other schools—as they had done for many years before the law, It is thus seen that the Catholics, by their political movement, obtained nothing but legislative action in favor of an equal and just system of common schools, in which their position does not in the slightest degree differ from that of of the Protestants ; and what grew out of that “ fierce contest’’ was a school system of unequalled excellence and efficiency—one that has a hold on the confidence and affections of the whole people that no other system ever had, and'is continually growing in favor. That excitement was honest on all sides . The zealous opposition to any change—the determination to give the law a fair trial, and the almost universal approval of it, as soon as its operation was seen, and the perfect equality which it secures, fully vindicate ihe good faith of all. And whatever may be said as to the secret motives of Governor Seward by those who prefer to assign a bad one, he is entitled now, in our cooler mo ments, to the declaration that the pro- foundest wisdom—the highest practical ability-—the purest patriotism—and tho strongest sense of justice could not have devised and advised a better measure than he did, nor Hove assigned better rea sons for it. Now as to the Bible. While the law compels the Board ot Education to ex clude sectarian books, it expressly pro vides that they shall not “ exclude the Holy Scriptures without note or com ment, or any selections therefrom,” nor decide what version, i f any , of the Holy Scriptures without note or comment, shall be used in any of the Schools.”— There Is no law excluding tho Bible from any of the Schools. The whole number of Schools that participate in the School money is 207, as set forth in the last Annual Report of| anliV,tolerance united\ the Board of Education. Each of these Schools is under the charge of trustees and teachers, who have the immediate direction of the course and distribution of studies, and the choice of text books, as well as the regulation of the School. I understand that in about twenty of the schools the Bible is not. read or used.— There has not been any repudiation or postive exclusion of it. It simply has not been introduced, as is true of some of the largest Grammer Schools in the City. As you are well aware, there has always been a diversity of opinion a- mong Protestants, as to the extent to which the Bible should be used as a Com mon School book. Some suppose that its sacred character is impaired by such a use—others that it should not be left to children without explanation, and that school teachers ate not always the safest expounders and commentators — others that the ritual and liturgies of the church es are the more proper sources of re ligious instruction to children —• and others insist that, not the daily school, but that parental influence at the fire side and family altar — the Sunday School — the catechetical school — the Bible class—the service of the church and the teachings of her ministers, are the more appropriate sources and modes of religious instruction, and that the Bible has no more necessary connection with teaching the alphabet, reading, arithmetic, geography, &c., than it has with teaching of needlework, music, dancing, and the mechanic arts. All agree that religious instruction is neces sary, but all do not agree, that it should, be always combined with every baser mixture,—and it seems hardly possible that you should differ with me, in the opinion that wherever a diversity of opinion exists, which might lead to con troversy—1“ to envy, hatred, malice, and all uncharitableness,”* there discreet trustees and teachers should, by not meddling with the subject, seek rather “ to reduce uncongenial masses into one intelligent, virtuous, harmonious, and happy whole.” Where there is no objection, that religious instruction which offends no one, andcoincides with every creed, may well enough be given ; ancTaccordingly, in the other nine«tenths of the schools —some in one mode, and some in ano ther, such religious instruction is given. In most, the school is opened by read ing a portion of the Bible and repeating the Lord’s Prayer;—some add the sing ing of a hymn. In some, there are con spicuously inscribed in large letteis on the walls of the school rooms, words and sentences inculcating religious duty. You will find thus inscribed : 81 T ruth,” « Virtue,” “ Faith,” 11 Hope,” “ Chari ty / ’ “ Life Prepare For Death,” “ Guard Well Your Thoughts,” “ Live Peaceably With All,” “ Keep Your Thoughts Pure,” “ Remember Thy Creator,” “ Trust Tn The lrf>rd,” “ After Death, Judgm e n t,\ “ Preparo To Meot Thy God,” ” Forgive Y o u r E n e m ies, Peaches. —— A few peaches, mostly from the Stilith; endless variety. These I take to be, in have made their way into the New York a proper sense, doctrines of the Bible, j market. At New Orleans they are to Tho Ten •The Lord’s Prayer-The Beatitudes, and so on, in Great Ttimple of the Sun in Old Peru. and precepts of every religion. The lit tle children in the primary departments sing infant songs, in some of Which stanzas of such character as these occur : 44 ’Twas God who shewed them all the way, And gave their little skill, And teaches children! if they pray, To do His holy will.\ 44 Oh may I learn such lessons well, And lay them all to heart, With holy artgels then to dwell Will be my happy part.** And some times the Lord’s prayer in verse and the ten commandments in verse are sung. And in all the schools, I believe, tile children are all urged to go to church, and to give heed to the instructions which are there given to them and in the whole 207 schools the reading books abound in extracts from the most devout authors —Protestant and Catholic and Jewish ; and the public opinion of schools—teach ers and pupils—is altogether in favor of religion as well as morality. 1 believe all your questions are fully answered; will you allow me spade to say a fevV words more, as to the effect and the princple of our system ? I have had some observation, and I have made enquiries. I do not know or heai of a school in which sectarian dif ference or animosity can be said to ex ist, The harmony predicted by the Governor has been the result. There are found in the same class, children of all Chrisitan denominations—-Catholic and Protestant and Jews, in the same ward of trustees the same diversity ex ists. In one school the three Principals were a Jew and two Protestants, and the assistant teachers Catholic and Qua ker and otherwise Protestant, and a large majority of the pupils believed by the teachers to be Catholic, and a ma jority of the trustees Catholic, and the school is an excellent -and successful school,—and the same elsewhere. It was in favor of such schools as these that the people of this city gave 38,000 majority last November. I am often surprised at the singular view which intelligent men seem to take of religious liberty, and was never more surprised than to see you adopting the same notion which seems to me a trans parent fallacy.- True religious liberty consists in the right to preach, practice and support, without molestation! one’s own religion, and not to be compelled to support any other. How different is this from mak ing us support all religions—raising mon ey by taxation, and devoting ft directly to teaching all eroede and faiths. tie that would suffer martyrdom before he would submit to be taxed to support any one damnable heresy, thinks it all right if you tax him to support-a hundred. He that would fight against an establish ment of a particular religion by law is quite satisfied that the State should raise $800,000 by law to support all religions, thus conceding that it is the proper func tion of the State to support religion, and not seeing that it is quite ns clear, that if any religion is to be supported by law it should be the true religion and no 'O other, and thus we had an establishment d intolerance united. For the State to pay for teaching all religions is the surest way to educate a nation of infidels. If there be a nation, ex cept France, where it prevails, it has escaped my knowledge. The American idea is that religion is the connection between the individual conscience and God. It must be vol untary and free, or it is not religion. It cannot be compelled | it must not* be violated. The state has no right to med dle with it E . C . B en e d ic t . be had In abundance, chiefly from the orchards of Mr. Houston, who htis un dertaken to supply that city with the finest fruit at a cheap rate. By the way, we observe the following singular fact in one of thd NeW Orleans papeVs : ts That eminent physician, Dr. Stone in whose blunt sayings there are al ways deep thought and sound philoso phy—yesterday declared that Mr. Hous ton’s movement was worth a thousand quarantines for the health of New Or-1 tho great eastem'portal, that the rays of leans. 11he mornims sun ftill directly Upoil it at u No more scurvy,” said the Doctor. “ Bat stewed peaches, if you would keep off indigestion. Plenty of fruit for the people, and no yellow fever.” “ The statistics of Gen. Houston’s Before The interior of the lemplti wfts most Wrirthy of admiration. It was literallv a thine of gold: On the western wall was emblazoned a representation of the Deity, consisting of a human countenance looking fnl tll alhiilsi iflnumezalie fays tit light, which emanated from it in every direction, in the same manner as the sun Is Sometimes personified with us. Thd figure was engraved on a massive platd of gold, of enormous dimensions, thickly powdered with emeralds and precioufl stones. It was bo situated in front df its rising, lighting up the whole •apart*' ment with an effulgence that seemed more than natural, and which was reflect ed hack from tho sold ornaments wiili plantation verify this remark, he bought it, great mortality prevailed there. One of its former owners lost fifty negroes. He whipped, them if they were caught eating a peach, a melon, m an apple. Gen. Houston has one hun dred slaves on his place. He plants 30 acres in melons. His negroes live in the orchard : he whips them unless they eat the beat and choicest—and this they take care to do ! There have been but three deaths on the place—and those were old obstinate negroes, who would not eat peachesi” which the walls nfid ceiling were every where encrusted; tiold, m tlte figuTd- Jenny Lind and the 11 Higher Laitf.’’ A friend has handed us a private let ter, received from a correspondent in Boston, in which we find an anecdote in the history of the fair songstress, that shows hor to belong to the “ higher law” school of moralists. The correspondent writes : — “ Every day I hear somethig ne-v of Jenny Lind, which increases my admira. lion of her. A Swedish Captain, a pious man, who went with me to her concert last evening, told me that when she was last at Stockholm she was requested to sing on the Sabbath, at the King’s palace, on the occasion of some great, but not religious festival. She refused, and the King called personally upon her —in itself a high honor—and as her sovereign commanded her attendance - Her reply was worthy of herself t— “ There is a higher King, sir, to whom I owe my first allegiance,” and she per emptorily refused to be present. God be praised for her pure and exalted ex ample,— Springfield Republican % T he I carian S ettlem e n t at N au - voo.— Where once the Mormon Temple stood at Nauvoo, there is now a “ com m u n ity of CofttiY^unloto, 11 under llic d i rection of Cabet, a French reformer, and the settlement on the 1st of January last numbered 340 souls. The Galena Advertiser says:—1 They are now engaged in erecting a large building, in which there is to be a Din ing Hall capable of Seating 800 people at one time—and accommodate a larxe o number over it,with sleeping apartments. It Is built of the refuse brick of the old Mormon town, of which materials they propose to build entirely around the old Temple, when they have sufficient funds accumulated. It is expected that M, Cabet, now in France, and for a short time in prison for a political offence, (an affair which would not bo recognized as an offence with us, and under our insti tutions,) will bring great accessions to their number in a few months. M. Ca* bet is greatly beloved and revered by the community at Nauvoo, and is highly re* spected wherever he Is knewn* live language of the people, was “ the tears tvept by the sun and every part uf the interior of the temple glowed with burnished plates and sttids of the pre cious metal. The cornices which sur rounded the walls of the sanctuary werd of the same costly material j and a broad belt or frieze vf gold, let into the Stand work, encompassed the whole exterior* rtf the edifice. Adjoining the principal structure \verd several chapels of smaller dimensions.—; One of them was consecrated to thd moon, the deity held next in reverence, as the mother of the lucasi Her effigy was Ueliniated in the sfllhe intihfter nrf that of the sun, rm a tdst plate that nearly Covered out? side of the apartment, Bui this plate, us well us all tho decorations of the buildings, was of silver, as suited lo the pale, silvery light of the beautiful pl.Miet, There were titled offidf chapels, one of which wasxdedicated to the host of stars, who formed the bright court of the sister of the sun ; another was conse crated to his dread ministers of ven* geance—the thunder and the li'gbthihg j and a third t» the rainbow, whose many/ colord arch spanned the walls of the edi fice with hues almo t as radiant as its own There were besides several othdf buildings! or inaulated apapartments, for the accomodation of the numerous priestJ who officiated in the services of the temple. All the plate* thetirhamfrnls, theuieti* sils of every description, appropriated Uf the uses of religion, weffl gtild or sil ver, Twelve immense vases of the laN ter metal, stood on the floor of the great saloon, filled with grain of the Indian corn : the censers fur the perfumes, thd ewers which held the water for sacrifice! the pipes which conducted it through subterraneous channels into the buildings thd reservoirs thai received it, even thd agricultural implements used in the gul dens, like those described belonging trt the royal palaces, sparkled with gold,and silvori and Various imitations of the vege table kingdom. Animals, also, were td be found there,—among which, the lama with its golden fleece, was most conspic uous, executed in the same style! and with a degree of skill whlchi In this in*f stance, probably did not surpass the ex* cellence of the same material.— PrcS* tott's Conquest of Peru. Extract- One little ‘garden patch’ of ours has been profitable, very, this season The bugs ate up the cucumbers, the chickens ate up the bugs, the neighbors’ cats ate the chickens—and we are now in search of something that will eat thecats. Can any of our agricultural friends aid us ?— American Union . W ire W orms .— On taking possession of a piece °f ground five years ago, for a garden^now In this city, but then out upon the prairie—we found it infested with wire worms. They were present by thousands in every part of the soil, and the question was how to get rid of them. Two years after, we procured some refuse salt and sowed at the rate of 3 1-2 bushels per acre, in the fall of the year. On working the ground the fol lowing summer the wire worms had ta ken themselves away, save a few strag glers which have been gradually leaving ever since, till now there is scarce a sol itary resident left. This would seem to say, salt them.— Prairie Farmer , T he M ayor and the C ountryman . — While the Mayor of Washington was conversing with a friend near the corner of Pennsylvania-av., and Ninth-st., re cently, a young man, evidently from the country, and unaccustomed to the eti quette of city life, approached, and ad dressing the Mayor rather umeremotli ously, inquired how long ho was going to stand there. Receiving for answer, “ a few minuets,” lie asked the Mayor just to hold his horse a little while! at the same time handed him the bridle. His Honor smiled at the republican bluntness of the stranger, and, with a bow, com plied with the request. The country man then leisurely walked into a stoic near by, and having there made several purchases returned to where he left his “ critter.” Returning his thanks for the favor rendered, he leaped into the sad dle, and in the course of a few minutes, was on his way homewards. It is not every one who can procure a Mayor tu hold a horse.— Washington Republic. “ Give me liberty to know, to believe, and to utter freely, according to conscience, above all other liberties.” This wns the desire of a noble republi can, John Milton ; and he expressed the aspiration o f every man who desires to be led through the knowledge of truth to the performance of duty. IdP It seems to us that is a false mod esty which frowns virtuously upon pants and short dresses, and upon a rainy and muddy day, lifts its long skirts to the knee, matted with mud from the cross- - Cayuga Chief. mgs. l y T h e Ithaca Chronicle says that the blacksmiths of that section, are all strik ing for wages. Upon enquiry, we learn that the same state of facts are existing here .— Cayuga Chief, * T he diamonds worn by the Marchioness of Londonderry, at the Q u een's costume ball, w ere of tbeValtfo o f J6150.000 or $750,000. Ignorance ie a blank sh e e r . O’ w h ich w e m a y w r ite; but error is a se n b bled o n e , w h ich w e m u st first erase# The Sultan has just established! at Constantinople! an academy of sciences and literature, under the title “ Assembly of Knowledge.” It consits of forty-nine members, and of an unlimited number of foreign correspondents* Of the lat ter only three have at present been nam ed, Mr. Bedhouse, an Englishman, au thor of a Turkish grammar ; M. Bianchi, a Frenchman, who has compiled a Turk ish dictionary; and M. de Hammer Purg- stall, thd clebrated Austrian Oriental scholar. The academy is to compile an Encyclopaedia of Science in the Turkish language# Mr. George Sumner, in a letter from Paris to a friend at Providence says : “ You ask about Eratnce^-pray be fe-as- sured. All is going on well. There will be no revision—no re-election of Louis Napoleon. The Republic will stand-^the constitution will be respect ed. Two good candidates will be brought forward before next May, and retro* grades and progressistds will try their f o r c e s . _________________ D eath .— O ne of the Fathers earth “ That there is but this difference be tween the death o f old ami yotfng me? — that old men go to death, and death comes to yo u n g men.”— Bacon. Kind Legislation i \Ve have rarely perused a debate Itl any of our legislative halls with livelier interest or higher satisfaction) than w£ experienced in reading a recent discus sion in the House of Assembly of Con necticut, upon a bill to render penal thd destruction of small birds* Tho scien^ lific researches ofnaturalista—thfi patient observations uf duch gdiitld Spirits tid Wilson and Audubon—^are beginning id tell in favor of the rights of the plumed songsters of the grove and field. Thd vulgar error that birds wdro injurious td farms, by picking out seeds jiltft pldrite(If and Ity devouring grain in the ear, has yielded to more accurate knowledge.™ It is now admitted that the habits of thid class of tlte creation are in reality coir-* servative, ami useful to man; that their great occupation in plowed fields tffid in grain fields, consists in consuming th^ worms and insects which “re the true! spoliators of the harVdst. In thlsf ds itf many other millers, true science and humanity alv.mce hand in hand; and the world becomes kindlier as It g^oWs more enlightened The instincts ofsenti-1 meat are ofietter in accordance with Wise policy than the world hashetdn willing td suppose. The dictates of a stern temper have too frequently been justified on the ground of a supposed necessity. Btife the useful holds mi necessary war with the benignant and thd gentle. It would have been at variance with fhat great moral harmony which we are vfrOtft evef to find in tho relations which an all-pro-, vident wisdom has established# to con clude that the interests of tho husband man and phnidr require the extermina tion of the jocund companions of his toil j whose varied hues delight ids eyes a- I il 'IJ—whose early swig salutes his wak J lug hours. The progress of the pro ductive is not to be a blight of the die*- gaut, thogenial and the gladsrtrhe1. Life' is not to grow gloomier and lonelier as' its way is rnoro affluent dnd rtiore pow erful. A law as beneficent as it is per-; vuling, links together thd interests of every part of our nature ; and when wd stifle our natural sensibilities, and do vio lence to our spontaneous tastes, we ard not in the line of true reason and com prehensive utility. We are glad to fi»« that the inffuendes of such a philosophy are penetrating into legislative halls.— When the Indian and the Hungarian—2* the “ desolulO and oppressed” of hu manity—have their several partisans aud advocates, let not the harmless carollers of our parks and gardens—the gaily-, coated choristers who set the tune o( thankfulness orfd praise in the great Cathedral rtf nature—want friend* and protector's. Honor Irt the /earless and manly legislature whose kindly delibera tions have irfade “ /he\ srrrart birds re joice !”— Home Journal. A F r e n c h Tourist pciUety took pudent hypocrite roust bare been a most i'm-l off hi* bat to the statue rtf Jupiter, beg- >drite who first wrote, “ I am, ging him to recoJ/eci, should he ever re- efr, your most obedient, most humble,! turn to power, how courteously he had1 devoted serv a n t/’ i treated him in his adversity.
