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ND, a‘. c. and O WN s com it has bed 'to wn its heless, senses, e and skilt, - would en the iversat [known Ens are FTIQON ted for Epecial 10K h Ago, proper- nurely re not p thosa e pola- exhalin rapt? ; get a olering ey can n with HLA. article s of the n pable ed and secured efdeted healing yhe most iseases. B hite«, Pariful ar«d the Dg - ~ published every Thuraday Morning, at Ecnmina, 'Ofi§ge, Mechanics' Hall, Laksa 8t.,.«-Up-~-Stairs, ~ *e .. a .-, viewed the attenuated figure before him, - rovenged,\\ ~ ken,-left one of those examples of in- nocency, of guifleless purity thrown from | . dying father possessed prophetic power, , Elmira ®azette. Chemung Caunty, N. ¥. G. w. MASON, Editor and Proprictor namin « 50 per annum in advance $2 00 if paid within the year; $2 350 if not paid whnhin the year. ViLLagE sunscaisERs $2 00, or $2 50 if paid dash in advances. {p new subscription reoceivad unless paid in advange: | Loitgpe on business must be post p «id. Advertisements, One square, one ifsertion 50. cents, and 25 cents for every subsequent in ad- tion. ~HISCELLANEOUS _ From the Westchester Jeffersonian. The Guardian's Revenge. CHAPTER 1. ' U 1 Though I must «peak of worldly love, - ' How vain to those who wed above! Scott =~ T'was morn, the sunbeam that pene- > trated the lattice had acquired luriil hue ' in passing through dark pyramids of clouds | 4 eta} that hung in Heaven's oriet arch and 388 / pige it fitted thro' the shade of a closely 'cur- | tained chamber, it fell on a pale and at- ' tenuated hand that lay nerveless on the ! tortaring couch. sught you could hear you might bave supposed the apartment to have fong been yielded up to solitude,. The pervading air of mistery seeined to breathe around; such as one feels when treading the echo- ing pal‘ls of some old and dilapidated castle whei? the deep and hallow rever- > berattion impart an inexplicable thrill. So stull was the breathing of that couch's ve. cupaat, that the gentie rising of her snowy bosom was the ouly index of life and as > it alternately fell a strauge presentment would whisper that this wes the last. | The door softly opened, and a young man of graceless mien entered, and the light of the closing door as it fell ou his visage » betrayed a repulsive louk and a smile of delight wrinkled his countenance. He approached the bed side, and momentarily then retreating to the door and hastily closing it, murinured in a fiendish tone, \I have accomplished my desire, 1 am ' Low as were the notes of his enuncia- tion the sick girl evidently heard it, for cat called a mournful sigh from the fount of het feclingsyand in a voice audible ouly by the nearest proxiinity to its source, wailed forth, \Tis done you have accom- plished your design.\ > , Adelaide Ma Lean bad just finished a course of studiés at one of the most em- iment literary institutions in the country from which she triumphantly carried off the palin of superionty over those with whom she had long been associated in the exercises. 'The closing day of the session was one of triumph for Adelaide, for con- trast served only to enchanée the brilliancy : of her genius. that would essay a discription of her val- } edictory address. The carmine flush | that suffused her cheek lent its fire to her eye that the trembling of her rising voice distinctly vibrated through the crowded ! ball. Few the eyes that were dim'd not { 1 i 'Awith tears, and sluggish the heart that | palpitated not more rapidly in that im- | mence auditory as she closed- \But we separate, the connexions of a long period of time are about dissolving, yet its asso- ciations will remain on memory's fairest page, written by the pen of sympathy, whose lines will be illumated by the fitful glare of life's dying embers, and the vivi- fying reminiscence of school-girl days will linger on the darkening panorama of earth and retain for a moment the, spirit struggling to be free. In every change oflife,in every vicissitude ofthe unvisioned future, in all human probability no circum- stance can arise that may bring us all to meet; but if the farewell be never renewed on earth may the enduring welcome be in the spirit land where partings are no more.\ . O, little dreamed she in that moment the object of the admiration of a delighted audience, that the farewell she there spoke would only live in echo never to be‘ re- | newed ; little thought she that the bright- ning prospects of life would burry. their vista so soon to the tomb. Still was this scene for | | the echoes of applause are frequently lost , rambles, Horace Grace had Presumptuous the pen ¢ leading from the house to a long skirt of | CHAPTER H. Where the broad waters of the Hudson | toll their tribute to the ocean, far away | from the hum and noise of cities, stands | a neatly erected cottage upon the banks of that tiver, famed for its romatic scene- ry. - Here in a few days after the oceur- | ence of these scenes, Adelaide McLean ; retired. - In her early youth she was left | an orphan by the chastening hand of him | whose ways are impervious to human; n + U parental protection when it is most reeded ' in the formation of character, for instilling ' the princibles of virtue ere the blight of actual sin has destroyed youthful suscep- ubility of morat impression, | Few cir- cumstances can repair the loss of parent's and many there are that enhanced the de- privation. Among these was Adelaide thrown, , When the orphan's father knew that he should goon exchange time for eternity - to suply so far as possible his need to his | daughter, he designated his brother, Ro- bert McLean Her guardian. - O, Had the | how many the rending pangs would he have saved Adelaide, - Why is not the fu- ture unveiled to him who in his last mo- - meets selects the guardian of his children? ° «Why should pure philanthropy not have | a revealing sympathy with the unknow n' Adelade in her new home had cousins to , play with and as she grew up, she was sent to school, 'a privilege that was deniea . her cousins, as their father, possessing , but a small area of land was not able to | defray the expenses of their education ;she had been ta Though he could have envied his miece, for she bad inhabited extensive property his eavy was lost in hig designs of. uniting er in gxaziiage to his son George. Having matured his schemes, he only I ~ wated until Adelaide should have com- A. Sols pleted ber education for, their consum- \These greenly clad fields will be strip: - mation. 1 In the meantime he lost no uc-' cation for exolling the merits of George to his niece, perfectly conscious, that if he could obtain herac‘quiesoence, be could ' no ditficalts fromm his i 'fancy discover a blush at the encomium a . ech» the name of Horace Grace, but if \autumn will divest these forests of VOL. XXIH..... NO 8. oo _ Sia shan cial Auta om emm mere ELMIRA, team sere me me a rem hog: se gent eme wile. oon e ccm ee s PR ; dha s ecs yc e ec 9 1T ll ‘L'méi N. Y., THURSDAY, AUGUST 2, 1949. mse see ene n ee ae en enemee nme cs pus vo +0 ilies a ~ canal) 01 +B em wHOLE NUMBER 1092, _._. George McLean had inherited from his father, qualities that render men des- picable in every situation of fife; morose and‘; gloomy he delighted in wounding the feelings of others, and seemed to imbibe pleasure from inflicting pain ; insolent in his demeanor he brooked not opposition to hig will; incapable of enduring a rival, he was relentless in obtaining revenge. Such was the character Robert Mc Lean designed as the husband of his gentle George looked foward to the time when he would became the possessor of de's inheritance, when he should to importance by his influence, when he should receivé the vain homage the world pays.to witgith. There is some- thing in the plaudits of the populace that is pleasing to man's vanity, forgetful that in the thunders of populard isapprobation, that the clarion of fame frequently pre- sages approaching approbation. Already f the obscure ahd unnoticed George Mc! Lean anticipated the time when he should . become the influential and widely known ' gentlemen : the huinble cottage on the '! banks of the Hudson, grows suddeoly to be a magtificent Country seat splendid buildings in Broadway are exchanged for his humble home, and Saratoga and Niag- ara, become temporary retreats during the warm summer months. CHAPTER HT. [ looked to the west and beauniful sky, Which imerning had clonded,. was clouded mo more, Onl thie E egxolanned ean a Iwavenly eve ® red bight ou the soul that was darkened betore. T. Muore. Adelaide had gone \to spend vacation with a loved companion of study, Ger- . trude Grace, who lived among the pictur- esque mountains: of New ”nnpslhref—i Freedom is superlatively delectable after' long coufinement, and the two ladies en- joyed their rural rambles the more as the ' opportunity was of unfrequent recurrence, nor were they unaccompanied in their ieturced from Cambridge, having completed his colleginte course, and with it had almost completed the destruction of his health ; sensitive to the beauty of national scene- ry and conversant with every projecting eminence whence a glimpse of nature tout ensemple might be had, he was the guide of the ladies every every precipice. Gertrude was not long nnobservant of &, growing sympathy between Adelaide and ' Horace and occasionally with facinating . grace chided him with his more marked attentions to Adelaide, who would half serious justify himself by responding that as he was unused to the ruggedness of mountain ram bles superiorattentions were | demanded. Thus rolled away pleasantly | the time of vacation which the approach- ing Monday was to termicate. Adelaide knew not why she disliked , to return to the seminary ; she was half; persuaded that study was too laborious, | that discipline was not adapted to the elasticity of her mind, and wondered why | she tried to reason herself into the belief} that mental culture was effected at the ex- pense of the social feelings,. So noise- less are the workings of Cupid that he, | unconsciously to those whom he wounds, imprints bis envenomed arrows in the swelling heart, and prepares for the ex- clamation, 1 will, I will the conflict's past, And 1il consent to love at last 1 My beart. alas, the luckless dav, __ Received the god and died away. Twilight had gathered shades around, and as the crepusculine dimness appareled | the face of nature, it seemed to throw a} ° . | sacred influence over every object. The | zephyrs were gathered to repose and a ; refreshing coolness had imparted anima- } tion to the withering leaflets. In an en-! -vreathed arbor at the extremity of a lane woodland, Horace Grace sat pensively musing, screened from the defvs falling crystal by the leafy canopy of his corcade, through which the variable glimmering of a culminating star raised his mind to tofiy converse with the infinite. - Cyn- thia's languishing brow was endiademed with a halo of dazzling brilliancy, and of her loveliness, which the. landscape's gilded bosom seemed to reflect ; one airy syiph was seen issuing from theadjoining wood, then suddenip disappearing, awa- kened Horace from his lengthened revery. A practical temperament and an - enthu- siasm of feeling gave him the character of a visionary. - He thought that there are moments in which matter offers but little resistance, to the glances of the} mind, and in these intervals it becomes consolidated with the spirit of the uni- , verse, and knows by the virtue of a sym- | 1 pathy, existing among the parts of a whole, what is transacting in the remo- test regions of extending space, and since vision resides in mind, why when it is n: this state may not incorporeal essences , hays a natural visible existence ? Why | may not immaterial beings be recognized through the natural organs of sight :-. Horace left the arbor to ascertain if the, form he had seen issuing from the «wooed . had really a material existence, or if it' ' were a creature of the imimagination. -; Concluding that it was the latter he bad | reached nearly home when he saw the j inpersonation of his sylph in the person j of Adelaide. * The mutual surprise at | lengih gave way as Adelaide avowed that ; king a reluctant farewell | of haunts endeared in fondest remem- brance, and Swill you not revisit them, perhaps when these gleos have ceased to they momentarily recall me to recolgfc- tion I would be supremely happy .\'- the chilly winds of their leaves, and other stars shall deck'lhe cer- rulean arch ere I1, if ever, shall frequent them ag'tiu,” anishe added in a lo w voite, 6 ped of their verdute, f coiled at the > ae e meme use n men < mas \how painful the recollections they win: conjure to the enlivening reminiscence, if | fate decree that I shall see them again in the absence of those with whom 1 have spent the happiest era of my life,\ They retire after the mutual avowsl of compassioned sentiment and early the next morning rumbled the stage along that was bearing to the phrontistery, Adelaide and Gertrude. CHAPTER IV. Ob, never be that wretch forgiven I Forgive him not indignant Heaven I Whose grovelling eyes could first adore, Whose hearticould pant for sordid ore. 'P. Moone. At the close of the session the few last days of which weitgessed the exercises related in the first chapter, Adelaide reg- turned to her uncle's, Robert McLean. The pleasure usually attending a return home among friends and relatives after a long abscence awaited not the unfortu- nate Orphan. Gertrude indeed endeared ber guardian's family to Adelaide, but. where there is no sympathy of feeling,. no reciprocity. of sentiment. no- similari- | ty of tastes, there can be no lasting affec- | trons. It were indeed a strange sight, if. conllicting principles should consolidate into general harmony, if envy and malice | could be perinanently united to love. - t Adelaide soon observed a considerable | «change in the treatment from that which | she was accustomed to receive, and attri- buting the change to dis interested friend- | ly feelings, she began to feel more com-; fortable in bor guardian's home than she had hitherto done. Her cousins Mary | and Isabella, who had hitherto regarded ; her witha species of contempt, now vied | with each other in their attentions, and George by some metamorphosis worthy | of Ovid, was strangely transformed info gallantry entive. Adelaide's desires met no longer the determined opposition that they had al- ways encountered from every member of her warden's household, and the equable current of her life now flowed without those eddies and gyrations that had mar- red formerly its course; but soon «las to dise mbogue into the malstorm of misfor- tune*® Strolling along the flowing banks of the HMudson not far distaut from the Cottage,George McLean.purposely threw himself in her way. The sun had just declined behind the western hills, leaving the flush of ineffable glory on the distant mountain tops, and gilding the brightning ether with its farewell beams. | This scene recalled what she had so frequent- ly seen among the cliffs of the white mountains, upon which linger the unwil- ling adieu of the day's departing glory ; then arose in review the pleasure of her sojourn there, whilst her heart beat more rapidly as she thought of Horace Grace and of the plighted vow. At this mo- ment when the brightoing flame of senti- ment had imparted calidity to the pathos of affection, George communicated his desires. A flush of surprise, mantling the countenance of the blushing Adelaide told too plainly the important wooer's doom. In a paroxism of passion he has- tened homeward leaving Adelaide to the communion of her reveries. Few days had glided by when Robert McLean summosed his ward to his apartment, an- nouncing tha\term of his guardianship would soon terminate and he now wished to consumate a long cherished design, ha- ving for its object the happiness of his niece by uniting her in wedlock to his son ; after having expatiated on the dan- ger of deception to which young women in her circumstances are subject,‘ on the allurements from rectitude to which the pomp and pagent 'of giddy life, so pleas - ing to youth, eminently contribute, added that he hoped the prudence of l'xis Piece would induce her acquiescenda in his de- signs. The indignant Adelaide perceived the feigned philanthrophy of his motives, thanking him for the kindness of his in- tentions, but declined acceptifg his pro- osal. ~ | \You shall repent this resolution !\ exclaimed McLean with anger. CHAPTER V. And darkened brow, where wounded pride, With air and disappointment vied, Besmed bf the torch's 100ng light, Like the ill Demon of the night. Bcort. Thare wore strange doings in the house of Robert McLean. - An elderly looking gentleman. arrived early one morning, and late the succeeding uiglgl: he left.- In the interim articles of assignment were written, by which Robert McLean «con- veyed his property to trust for the bene» fit of his creditors. - The good people of the vicinity were no little astounded at this unexpected news,but it was rutpored that McLean bad a connection with a large mercantile house in? New York ci- ty lately ingolvent, which had thrown him in his present pecuniary embarrass- ment. 'The adjudication of his estate showed the astonishing rgsult that T5 roperty would only pay five per cent , gt” “26 azwunl against it. - Adelaide beigg the only one whom this condition of his affairs affected, there was no invesliga- tion instituted to ascertain if fraud had been practised; and the insolvency of McLean no longer being the topic of every discourse, was reckoned among the things that have been. While these things were doing, she whom they only injured was the subject of the most uns kind treatment. - Her seositive soul re- arbarism of human depra- vity, exquisitely keen, though found in those who style themselves civilized, and thab’channall of her acrimony widened, as no letters arrived from the [Fountain home of Horace Grace. - Could it be that the depth of his affection was measured by the amount of her heritage, but she instantly repelled the intruding thought j as unworthy of him whoin sho loved, mi still none arrived ; it must be ao, she un- | willingly thought, and this sccumulation | | led *- «amaze anm g eel 2 e aes elo of grief enorrated ber physical muuw4 and she easily fell a victim to the rava- ges of consumption, which she was con- stitutionally predisposed. When debility had steeped every nerve in, the deepest paralysis, when the throes of humano na- ture, infuriated lhe very sense of feeling, when the flickering glare of life's ebbing flame only illumined the g thway' to death, the sacreduess of tho ping cham- ber was violated by the presencé of George McLean, and the hallowed still- ness of the scene was broken by the fiend- ith tone with which he marmured, \I have accomplished my designs, I am re- venged.\ - he evening star gilding the glowing wost, lighted the spirit of Adelaide to the bosom of its God, to the communion of kindred yirils too pare for earth's ex- istence. . But ah 1 100 soon that dream is past Adctaide's last letter to Horace Grace breathed a mysterious sense. It darkly spoke of lowering misfortunes, of fends that \sinile and kiss, and kill.\ Thein- | terruption of postal intercourse, with the return of his letters, induced Horace to: believe that there was something in the | veiled meaning of the epistle which its author had experienced. In the pertu- | bation into which this idea threw him, | he determined to visit Hudson and learn if possible by personal interview with Adelaide, the cause of his letters being , returned. He spurned at the thought of | har who teigned supreme over the em-} pire of his affection, being capable of for- ; getting her vow of inviolable fidelity, of , the beau ideal of his fancy being fickle in | . dispensing fyer siniles. 'The morning ; mist still hung at 1.er base c’xf the distant f Catskill, while their summits ware gold» | en with the sun's early beams, the bud- | ding boughs of the forest oak waved gent- | ly in the gliding breeze that bore on its | ruffled crest the dulcit marmurs of pur- . ling streamlets winding through meadows | enamelled with vernal bloom, and the , rolling Hudson wailed its solo to the spirit | of the scene. - Far in the distant vale ap- p proached slowly a long cavalcade and as ; it wound a sloping eminence Horace saw , too plainly that the spiritless remains of a kindred being were hastening to the | grave's asylum. He joined the throng ; as it entered the sacred presence of the dbmetery, and as they lowered the coffin | into the darkening grave, the trembling ; tones of the hoary minister announced ; that all that was left of the blooming Adclaide McLean would soon be hid from . mortal gaze. ,.A frantic wail escaped the , quivering lips of Horace Grace, and life- , less ho lay in the arms of one to him un- , known in life. 2C In an obscure part of the cemetry, be- | neath the umbrageous boughs of a weep- 3 ing willow there are two graves surmount- ed by one tomb.. There is a sacredness in the spot that hallows erery fesling of , the visitor, which seems to tell of love,, of agony and death. too d Ten Years under Queen Victoria. ; i A LECTURE DELIVERED AT PHILADELPHIA BY THOMAS DARCY M'GEE. I | } When the House of Hanover succeed- ed to the throne of England, the founda- tion of the British empire, as it stands at present, was already laid. This line of Princes have been its builders, not its architects. Five kings have successful- ly. prosecuted the plans of the edifice, hastening it on to what we see it this day. E’o the throne of these ancestors, as- cended, ten years ago, a young girl, brought up from childbood to act the sovereign. She was reared royally, not humanFyn. Every childish sentiment, eve- ' ry girlish fancy, was measured *by a royal standard, gnd so, condemned or en- ' couraged. Her nurges adurinistered her' first food politically ; her teachers were her subjects; her servants, spies upou her natural character; her aged, venera- ble relatives, her inferiors in rank, defer- ently obeying the caprices of*the child, they were ordained by nature to admon- ish and instruct! . Had this heiress been born in an earli- er age, when men were unsubdued by systems in Europe, had her lot fallen among Norman barons or, Celtic chiefs, with the Salic and the Celtic law would have preserved her from the throne. _ | But it was the misfortune of her Maj- esty Queen Victoria, to be born to pre- side over an established systém beyond her power to control or change the first hour of her life she was presented to her subjects. - From that hour she has led an official existence, and it is of that alono I speak. It would be as ridiculous in me to disclaim hostility to her person as to feet it. ter, wife, and mother can be called ; I know nothing to the contrary. | But it is her relgtions to the empire and thé age, mot to hgr , husband or children, we bave to canvass and consider. Her name is the synonyme of the Bri- tichempire; she is the emblem and or- gan of British power and British policy, and in this respect alone, do you desire to hear her history, or 1 to relate it. What we call the British Empire is a vast centralization of power, of which the city of London is the focus, - The princi- plejof empire is, in itself, false and un- just, requiring, as it does, the centraliza- tion of power at one point, and of au- thority in ope person. In the British Em- ire they tax newspapets; in the Russian @mpite the telegraph lines lerpunate in the Emperor's palace; the principle is the same in both. An eropire differs from a confederation in this-that one' is based on election and free will, the other a heredi- tary title and proscription. Switzerland and these states aro free Confedera'ctes; their federet capitals, Berne and Wash- I 4 the weak. To that extent she is boun ' gone -the House of Louis, like the AP L admit her to be all that daugh- \ Irish harvest was computed, in 1848, momma - i= ington, arrogate no more frAuthority th the towns which are, the seats of greft seminarics. Austria and Britain are ce- tralized Empires-Vienop and Lond are capitals of central power, from whic all law, all patronage, and. all 'adminig- trations issue, and which 'tolerate no dj vision of power with the provinces. Co federacies are natural associates of stat for their mutual: benefit, existing by i agreement of their members. Empir are forced unions, ordained by conque ors and maintanied by standing armie for the benefit of an aristpcracy and th aggrandizem@nt of capital, . Such is the present \British Constit tion.\ The Saxon Constitution, with i Courts, Lett and Court Barons, its sub sidies and supplies, its estates and its su frages, exists only in books, and in ver old books, too. The whole social econo} my of England has changed, but whethe as the cause or result of the new politicg] Constitution, I do not venture to say. .On thing we know -it has clhfanged, and th basis of this change is the, national deb When an empire owes $0,000,000,00 of dollars, all its policy, all its resourced, and all its history, become amenable t that debt. The debt of England is th centre of her gravity. By the attractio of that debt all things giand or fall. Trade, morals, like itself are subject td the influences whick revolve around thay unparalleled obligation. __ This debt, begun by William of Orange}, increased by Walpole, and Pitt and Peel and has been the foundation of a ne state of facts, and a new national policy| The British Einpire has become, throug its influence, a mercantile oligarchy, wit an exclusive -a great er Holland, a vaster Venice, a of the latter age, pursuing with Puni and Dutch deterroination, gold and gai against every odds, and in despite of eve ry obstacle. An eminent English statesman is sai to have \thanked God,\ speaking of th debt, that his country was bound i £800,000,000 sterling to keep the peacdt with all. the world-a foolish, flippant boast, worthy of Lord Brougham to make and of the imbecile Honge of Lords to} applaud. To that extent England is} bound to peace-to n peace which res- pects not right, and dare not combat wrong ; to a peace which connives at th sins of and the oppression of to force new markets with the sword i the East, for the produce of her looms. to assist at the partitions of Poland, and; see bleeding limb from limb tora violent- y asunder-to that exterit she is boun to be a bypocrit, a time , server, a slavei because a bankrupt, a borrower, and irre trievably in debt. ° I know the, pleasant fiction still passe# current with many, that there is a con- stitutional government in England-com- posed of the democracy, aristocracy and monarch. -In our times this is pure ind: vention, There is in fact no such conf stitution. ,.For ten years the present 504 vereign has sat on the throne, and did al she was bid. Has she everasserted a wil of her own ? Has she ever dreamt of originating; or modifying, or vetoing ond mesasute of her ministers ? INever ; the Royal Peo-houlder, 'by courtesy calle Queen, is bo more a vital power, thay the great mace w hich is carried before hep carriage 3 They aristocrgey (-who ars they ? where are they ? The Rotten Bof roughs are gone-the Corn Laws arg mor Chamber in the Tower, is carefully preserved -as a very singular curiosity} It would be harder still to find the Day-moi“ cratic element in the present constitution With a franchise limited to househoider§ and leasebolders, and seventy-fivxe pe cent., of the population Saving neithe house nor lease, where is your Demo cratic element ? . : Who then does govern the Brhial; Empire ? 1 repeat it, the monied men- the Bank of England governs England.-- { Rothschild, Baring, Gladstone-they arg \the three estates\ of the realm ; (h? Funds and Stocks are its veins and arte {ries ; the Exchange is its Capitol; thi ; Prices Current its Policy, and its \Fo { cign Relations\ are row only with th Wall Streets and Bourses of the world. [Twenty years ago, Huskisson, the co | league and friend of Canning, said that i any three leading merchants waiting o | the Ministry, could change the course df Parliament, and'get what bills they pleas ed passed. - Look beneath the gilded ex: terior of the Empire, and examine its in- ner organism. For what are the Easter} | ladies dragooned into. submission ?-far 'the gain of the East India House and th ! profit of the manufacturers. | What w ! the Chinese war > A venture of opiu { What has caused the Irish famines of late years > The Ordnance Surveyors repor. ted the grain crops in Irelan}, after the fatal blight, sufficient to sustain twice the population ; why then did the peop die? 'The answer is, reots and taxef, landlords and money lenders, insuran offices and Jews ; of these and not of i evitable famine, the people died., Of the whole population of Britaifl, 75 per cent., are engaged in producing: wealth, but not for their own use. - Pef: haps no. other town in Europe mak more money than Manchester, but la year, the poor rate was levied at 3s 8d io the pound. Where did the mone go ? Where did the poverty come from# OF the whole population of Ireland, 8 per cent. were, till the last year or two employed in agriculture; in rasing prog duce, which is wealth. - The value of thig. $400,000,000, yet \the calculation in the ministerial circles,\ said the ct 3 in the VWest-to that extent she is bound® tor. \is that two millions of the Irish peos , ple must dis by famine orf its concomp eRe 2 22 2 E02 ece cf om tants.\ - Where did the grain go to *- Where did the-famine come from ?> The truth is this ; the rulers of the British Empire do not regard \the pre- servation of fife\ qs any part of their du- ty or policy. Their purpose is, not to , nuke the people happy, but to make a »class rich. Their 'ereed is the miser's creed, to buy .at the cheapest and sell at , the dearest price. Whey own no supreme laws, but deinand and supply-they pre- tend to no morality beyond that of the 2 usurer and the huckster. , Visit, with Lord Ashley's cominission, the coal fields of Cumberland Descend | in the shaft-walk the coaly cortidors of ; Lord Londale's mines, for instance. Ask | that discolored anatomy of man, who is ; God, and he wil tell you he knows no , such band at work in that pit. Ask him who redeemed him. He will ask you;. , what redemption is ? Such dialogues < have taken place in our own days in , Christian Englands have been reported to Parliament ; haye been ordered to be \printed ; and have been unanimously \\laid upon the table.\ Behold Manchester-the Runnymede | of the Cotton Lords-where, yard in | hand, they have subdued their sovereign and won their Magna Charta, Their | charter ! What is their charter 2 The charter of Manchester, is the illimitable use of machinery and the irresponsible abuse of men. Beneath an artificial, woven with a roof steam and a warp of smoke, myriads of men labor that the antipodes may be clothed in calico ; that the pockets of the Cotton Lords may en- | } large with the bounds of the. empire.- For this also the arsenals are eimptied Chinese and Caffirs and Sikhs are subju- gated-for this, Napier and Gouguos com- mand, Above the Admiral's telescope- above the Marshal's baton-above the sovereign's sceptre, and above the mis- sionary's head-waves the marriage wand of Modern England, the yardstick | of the Cotton Lords. The poor law legislation of the empire is gn essential mark of the new constitu- tion. Its object is to make the poor poor- er, and the rich richer; but the rich have condescended to recognize the right of the poor to exist; nay, they have with rare | consideration . graciously legalized that right. A free-born British pauper breathes the air by act of parliament ; by act of j parliament sups his gruel 21 times a- week; by act of parliament gets a deal coffin and by act of parliament a parochial grave. But having gone so far as to re- cognize the legal. right to subsist, the new government resolutely stops there, # To subsist he is entitled, but to live is another thing. The prisoner in the dun- geon-the bed-ridden patient in the hos- | pital-the weed upon the “mill-subsist, and in the same way does the} freeborn| British pauper, The Poor Law 'codp of England is a strange sequel to the Chris- tian code. 'The one says, \Thou shalt cept ino a' gradual, orderly, and seemly sort.\ \Love thy neighbor as thyself,\ quath the Lord, “fbuit in such away as , to remove the almg-taker speedily out of J| this life;\ adds the Poor Law Code of [( Eogland. \What God has put together Tet no man put asurder,\ quoth the scrip- tures,\ \except quoth the code, \in all cases where the parties aforesaid become chargeable on the rates.\ This is the spipit of the British Poor Law, but what shall I say of the Irish ? Both came from tie game shop and hear the mark of the same workmanship. 1 need uot remind my audience, that for the past four years there have been thou- sands of deaths by famine in Ireland.- “When that famine first rfiaged-‘in our island we saw your stars emerging on the dark- ness of our sky. Your war-ships came to onur shores freighted with life not with death. ~English tourists bave represent- ed this rmation as a.sordid money-wor- shipping people, but in theirown watérs, under your own flag, you taught thein by an example which is already histdk'rdy, verned, and that nane were so generous to the oppressed, as those who by force and valor had conquered freedom for 'themselves. What was the conduct of ney from the Imperial Treasury, for | which nearly fifty years had also been the Irish Treasury. Rut how did they ex- pend it ? In vain theIrish people beg- | ged that it should be spent on the lands, in introducing new crops and new modes of culture, in giving useful employment, | which would forestal another year of fa- mine. -In vain-is vain. The (govern- '| ment ordered $4,000,000 to be spent on breaking up the highroad and macademi- -sing the Island. Nof a field was. inlaid, not a blade of grass, not an ear of corn, sprung from their gummy. \Fhe public thoroughfares-were torn up and'laid dowa 'again-and 80,000 men were for twelve i months engaged \jn \public - works,\ d gag P which did not leave one single beneficial result behind them, ® Why was this ? The economists dis- covered that the population of Ireland was greater than was nécessary for the \de- velopement of its regources\ to the ad- vantage of the propietors. | The Times proved \there was surplus labor\\ to an awful amount, - Bentham, and Malthus and Adam Smith were. consulted, and | they all pronounced for reduction of popu- lation. To this end the famine was made, and the pestJience guaranteed its | victims-to this end the famine was made, and the Irish population, which | i in 1840, was 8,500,000, in 1850, it is thought, will not exceed 6000,000 ! When the Irish Pom’gaw was \amen- and natives despatched afar-for this,. not commit murder,\ the other adds, \ex- t saith the one-\but feed him indifferent» / ily,” quoth the other. \Give alms,\ | that the first duty of a government, was , to preserve the livés of the people go- | «e *~ ~ > b te * < vr -r + « P ' o < < ine _ 2.20. ded,\ as they said, to meet this féarfol emergency, bow did they «amend it >- They inserted a Clause called the \Grs- gory clause,\ disentitling all who held a rood of land from utedoor-relief, until they first gave up their botdings. -Now struc‘l‘ion of the potato must prove fatal, uniess new lands and mew gulture were | at once substituted. 'This clause shook lall these poor: wretches of the jang, and iflung them at the poof house gate. . For a few months they got their misetable pittance without the work houses ¢ but ! the people, refused food by the State, {and disedtitled to raise it from the soil, i bad no I die or fly. Not the means .of flight, they lay down in despair and starv- sed to death! Such is the domestic ad- i ministration of the empire ! alternativgé 'to . adopt but to ; this was the very class to whom the de-\. i the system was soons uspended, and then - Do I ex- | lasgerate-doImigrepresent? Some think - {this an Irishman's tirade, and refused to ° | bear my evidence as a prejudiced party. 1 But 1 am willing to submit these views | to any Englishman who has not been a | servant of the bank or an agent of the monopolists, aud if his evidence does not sustain mine, I am willing to be forever i silent. © ‘ 28 l I have said that the foreign, policy of | this merchant oligarchy was \peculiarly ! cowardly and commercial-that their standards are no longer Right or Wrong, | but Profit or Loss, and I will endeavorieo | show you this without dwelling too inuch | on details, with which I feel\ I have no right to trouble you. ' The new Regime in England have vir- , lually ceded to this Western coast of the ! Atlantic. They will see Canada and the West Indies annexed or emerged into this gonféderacy without any yery desperate resistance. -to feel that a new power hasarisen in these latitudes, | and England does not waste streegth wrestling, with fate. She will yield her- : North American possessions because they are no longer worth the cost of keeping. She has had two hundred years out of her ] West India, slaves, and so she liberally | disembursed herselfformanumitting thein and has been glorifying herself ever since. century, but that\colony bas never paid its way l'p the Emfifie. She will yield, and yield with a~good grace. two years the whole policy of England. towards America has changed. Former- ly she libelled, now she praises you.- Mackay (the last than? puffs. . Former- merly this people were 'motly barbarians,' now they are 'Englishmeéen exaggerated,' own fiesh and plood, <- Beware, beware, of the praise of, England. You have grown strong-your governm@nt alone stands unshaken in the age of change- you are within ten days distance of west- ern Europe-your present influence. abroad foreshadows a greater to come : Maryatt and Dickens caricatured, but- She has possessed Canada for nearly a- Within - 'indomitable Anglo-Saxons,\ men of, our , preserve your peculiar manners and con- . duct, and distrust the praise of England. When she rages, watch. her; and vibe!) she threatens, laugh at her but when she deep laid mischief. west, she recompenses herself in t Only the other day she added tg,h dian square miles of country torn from the Sikhs-7 * 200 At this hour her teak-built navy is tra- In» a unvisited. The 'interior of Cape hope, the most intricate channels of the Archi- pelago are explored. It is good for the icalico trade to conquer naked savages. The crusading spirit of the cotton lords - '*' { carries them on through every danger and: s | difficulty, and Te Deums gre said or sung | in Mapchbester for the mighty spread of | calico and Christianity in hemisphere. * iand the sun beld parallell courses and empires-like' light, has travelled to the westward. Sesotries, Alexander, Mah- back the tide of destiny, 'but their eastern thrones crumpled away soober 'or later. The Portuguese-the Datch-the French -all failed in India. Has England suc- ceeded ? Hindostan. y Aré their powers there well founded and secure ? . Who gusrantees their lease of but no wise observer of events, in Asia or in Europe, will stake anything upon its (Christianity in the bale and civilisation in the crate-they may garrison the towns \and suborn the tiative princes-they may: |. cram their granaries.with ripe grain, awl affects friendship and cordialit’g‘, hay God. protect you, for then she meditates some ~ But if England yields tei'ritbny in ttyb’a' ' kast. - empire one hundred thow@sand ° versing the Indian seas, leaving no shore ° the eastern - This eastern English empire 581321) apd-. \ maly in history. - Hitherto, civilization ° moud and Napoleon, attempted to. roll For a century and a baif the; honorable company have 'been farming | Have. they sucgeeded ?- it? Those. who endorse their title may, - «duration. © may export. thither - our London masters daring that same pe- | their graveyards : with starved : husbdnd-/ ,. riod > They granted large sums of mo- ' men-they may flatter themselves that, | India is theirs in fee forever-but the | Lord» on high hath sworn that kingdoms are translated from one people to apoth- er, 'because of injustices and oppressions raign h‘im'of 'perjury 2 _: Le . Since the beginning of the last year Europe has been in the throes of Revo- lution. - Admire England's double«faced policy towards the patriots and the Kings of that continent ! . § to take neither side openly. ~She culti- vates Kossuth's acquaintance, and cor- she compliments Radetzky and keeps in with Bem: she propitiates Mazzini, and sympathises with the Popg. it, think 'speaking with a double tongue contradic- She hears of cities sacked and! desolated, and: hosts of horrors which are the sure attenidants of all armies, and she cap is blown up will the Vienna is will the mon market remain easy ? | If Every sacred: struggle, every holy right dear to men as-to citizens of in ividoals, every act of heroism is reduced) to the in» exorable test of the funds. - Such is Eng- Her first resolution is;\ | I - - - you, from love of the Pope? | fl; it from _ love of liberty she acts this double part ; tory languages? No, my frigaflsz 10.5. - {prov inces . asks 'how are the funds ? H 'the Vati~' | rices fall? If . - bombarded with Mitzi“ shot - ~ and divers deceits,' and who shall are - 0.0. t i responds with the Austrian Emperor :-' \ H Russia triump a will funds continue firm e | land's policy in the revolution ry age of. 3 © Europe : and to this bas fallen the coun-. - % ' Mes ..i iret 0 4 edie Pike R .+ w
