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Image provided by: Suffolk Cooperative Library System
LIFE LINES Seeing the world with 24 eyes, blurry vision and no brain Biology is wonderful for its diversi- ty. No matter how much I read and learn about the world of life. | am con- stantly being surprised at novelties 1 cannot anticipate because reality is often more contradictory to expecta- tons than human imagination. The human eye is a complex camera with lens. a sensory film (our retina) and a nerve that goes to our brain in a complex way. Something like our eye is found in the octopus and other mol- tusks although their brains are not orga- nzed Iike our mam- makan brains. But Enever experience with lots of specialized regions for memory, interpreting objects and detecting motion or depth. Because jellyfish lack a brain they can- not do this with a single eye. The van- ous actmvitres are parceled out to the different eyes and allow the jellyfish to find its bearings, detect prey, find a mate and avord those species that would eat it. Only some of those func- uons have been tentatively assigned to its assorted eyes. Critics of evolution often claim that a «tructure like our eye is expected that a complex eye would be found in a jellyfish. Jellyfish do not have brains. They have a nerve net (looking some- thing like a retrculated shopping bag) with no layers of complexity or obvious specialized regions gathered into «pe- cific structures. A Scandinavian team studied a box jellyfish., Tripedalia castophora that lives in mangrove shore lines in the BY ELOF CARLSON so complex that it could only have been produced all at once This is the clam of those who call themselves \intelligent design\ scholars That i% not true A protozoan in a pond. Ithe a euglena. with vhloroplasts no less. has an eye spot which is sen ative to light and moves tow ard it. although the spot cannot create images But the eyespot helps the euglena to move to light when food in its watery environment is scarce Caribbean Sea. This tiny jellyfish. about a half inch in length (10 mm») has four specialized organs called rhopali- ums. Each unit has six eyes. Two of them have lenses and a retina. One looks upward and one looks outward. Each of the other four eyes in the shopalium is a like a pit filled with a retina. Each rhopalium also has I am constantly being surprised at novelties I cannot anticipate because reality is often more contradictory to expectations than human imagination. There in the light it can use its: chloroplasts to make sugars and nourish itself Retinal pits also do not form images. but they could detect motion as light passes across ons body. Where the jellyfish scatters ats visual compo- nents among its 24 eyes,. we centralize them into the two that we share with an object at its base that is like a membrane-bound sand grain. It allows the jellyfish to distinguish top from bottom in its watery environment Those primitive eyes without lenses are sometimes seen in invertebrate worms. Because we have a bram. our two camera eyes with lenses can move about. focus and discern fine detail. color, motion and very specific abjects seen m three dimensions. Several parts of our brain are involved in the visual IN THIS EDITION: Art Exhibits . ..... s ey xas +++ 810 Business . ....... «as B19-B20 cm z...,..-;\~u.n5316'819 Cm likiOchnfii unifioi§i814 Dining & Entertainment .. . 820822 VWFWQIIVOCV‘I tfitidti-ta‘2 ‘Mtfliiolnrotatotnvvvov-CUOM Mlannutébd;»¢ncunm25 mm auntiitttdiimz lmycioit‘aroqohliclbfiku.W Winccbaao¢ctvvot91w4gflfi83 Mama a i...... . 824 * 6 e ¢ du 8 $# Send your health, business. calendar and leisure notices to: Leisure@tbrnewspapers.com all bilateral organisms. Among the evolutionary questions yet to be explored in this jel- lyfish will be whether it contamms rhodopun (the gene for recogmzing color pigments) and whether the genes for its separate eyes are found in the genes for our two camera eyes. 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